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101.
The model conjugates phycocyanin-allophycocyanin (C-PC-APC) and phycoerythrocyanin-phycocyanin-allophycocyanin (PEC-C-PC-APC)
were synthesized by using a heterobifunctional coupling reagent N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate. The rod-core
complex (αβ)6
PCLRC
27(αβ)3
APCLC
8.9 and phycobilisomes were separated from Anabaena variabilis. Energy transfer features for the conjugates and the complexes
were compared. The absorption and fluorescence emission spectra indicated that the linker-peptides mediate interaction of
phycobiliproteins and prompt energy transfer. The energy transfer in the conjugates was detected by fluorescence emission
spectra and confirmed by the addition of dithiothreitol. The conjugates may be used as models for studying the energy transfer
mechanism in phycobilisomes.
This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
102.
It has been known that Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling regulates the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the isoform-specific roles of ROCK and its underlying mechanism in VSMC migration are not well understood. The current study thus aimed to investigate the roles of ROCK1/2 and their relationship to the MAPK signaling pathway in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced rat aorta VSMC migration by manipulating ROCK gene expression. The results revealed that ROCK1 small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) rather than ROCK2 siRNA decreased PDGF-BB-generated VSMC migration, and upregulation of ROCK1 expression via transfection of constructed pEGFP-C1/ROCK1 plasmid further increased the migration of PDGF-BB-treated VSMCs. In PDGF-treated VSMCs, ROCK1 siRNA did not affect the phosphorylation levels of ERK and p38 in the cytoplasm, but decreased the level of ERK phosphorylation in the nucleus. These findings demonstrate that activated ROCK1 can promote VSMC migration through facilitating phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of ERK protein. 相似文献
103.
Marjan Huizing Rangaprasad Sarangarajan Erin Strovel Yang Zhao William A. Gahl Raymond
E. Boissy 《Molecular biology of the cell》2001,12(7):2075-2085
Patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS-2) have mutations in the beta 3A subunit of adaptor complex-3 (AP-3) and functional deficiency of this complex. AP-3 serves as a coat protein in the formation of new vesicles, including, apparently, the platelet's dense body and the melanocyte's melanosome. We used HPS-2 melanocytes in culture to determine the role of AP-3 in the trafficking of the melanogenic proteins tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1). TRP-1 displayed a typical melanosomal pattern in both normal and HPS-2 melanocytes. In contrast, tyrosinase exhibited a melanosomal (i.e., perinuclear and dendritic) pattern in normal cells but only a perinuclear pattern in the HPS-2 melanocytes. In addition, tyrosinase exhibited a normal pattern of expression in HPS-2 melanocytes transfected with a cDNA encoding the beta 3A subunit of the AP-3 complex. This suggests a role for AP-3 in the normal trafficking of tyrosinase to premelanosomes, consistent with the presence of a dileucine recognition signal in the C-terminal portion of the tyrosinase molecule. In the AP-3-deficient cells, tyrosinase was also present in structures resembling late endosomes or multivesicular bodies; these vesicles contained exvaginations devoid of tyrosinase. This suggests that, under normal circumstances, AP-3 may act on multivesicular bodies to form tyrosinase-containing vesicles destined to fuse with premelanosomes. Finally, our studies demonstrate that tyrosinase and TRP-1 use different mechanisms to reach their premelanosomal destination. 相似文献
104.
本文对项青霉D_(1(?))的四个木聚糖酶组分的特性进行了研究。木聚糖酶组分D_(x1)、D_(x4)的最佳反应pH为4.8,最适温度分别为40℃和50℃,D_(x2)和D_(x3)的最适pH和温度都分别为pH4.2和50℃。Ag~(++)、Hg~(++),Cu~(++)对四个组分的活性均有强烈的抑制作用,SDS也能产生明显的抑制效果。Mn~(++)对D_(x1)具有促进作用。D_(x1)、D_(x4)在以燕麦木聚糖为底物时活性最高,其Km值分别为11.7(mg/ml)和8.3(mg/ml),D_(x2)和D_(x3)则分别在水解红麻杆木聚糖和落叶松木聚糖时活性最强,Km值分别为8.4(mg/ml)和6.3(mg/ml)。水解燕麦木聚糖,D_(x1)的产物主要为木糖,同时带有少量的低聚木糖。D_(x2)、D_(x3)和D_(x4)的产物则包括木糖和较多的低聚木糖。D_(x4)与D_(x2)及D_(x3)之间在水解燕麦木聚糖时存在协同作用关系。 相似文献
105.
本文通过降低培养基中血清含量,向RPMI 1640培养基中补加三碘甲腺原氨酸而获得一种人胸腺网状上皮细胞占优势生长的培养物。在此培养基中细胞经传代培养长达90天,仍维持正常形态特征。胸腺组织在培养14天后,新生细胞的突起形成网状结构,细胞化学检查和电镜观察表明具有丰富的分泌颗粒,囊泡及张力原纤维束和桥粒等上皮细胞特征。收集合并细胞培养液,经部分纯化后检查其生物活性,表现出具有促进玫瑰花结形成和降低胸腺细胞TdT活性的作用,说明培养细胞的分泌产物具有胸腺激素活性。根据形态学,细胞化学和生物活性检测结果,我们倾向于认为该培养物主要为网状上皮细胞。 相似文献
106.
Huang Y Jin Y Yan CH Yu Y Bai J Chen F Zhao YZ Fu SB 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2008,309(1-2):117-123
Tumor suppressor p53 plays important roles in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and DNA repair in different cell types including
lung cancer. There are different p53 apoptotic pathways in high and low metastatic ability lung cancer cells. However, the
exactly mechanism in the pathway is still unclear. Here we found that Annexin A2, a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, is involved in p53-mediated apoptosis. First, by using mRNA differential display
technique, down-regulated Annexin A2 expression was found in all cell lines transfected of Ad-p53 (adenoviral expression construct
encoding wild type p53 gene) especially in highly metastatic Anip973 lung cancer cells. Then, decreased expression of Annexin
A2 was further confirmed by Northern blot and Western blot analysis. At last, knock down of Annexin A2 by siRNA inhibited
cellular proliferation in BE1 cell line with highly metastatic ability. Taken together, our results suggested that Annexin
A2 may play roles in p53 induced apoptosis and it is also involved in regulation of cell proliferation.
The authors Yun Huang, Yan Jin and Cheng-hui Yan contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
107.
Choline is an essential nutrient for cell survival and proliferation, however, the expression and function of choline transporters have not been well identified in cancer. In this study, we detected the mRNA and protein expression of organic cation transporter OCT3, carnitine/cation transporters OCTN 1 and OCTN2, and choline transporter-like protein CTL1 in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549, H 1299 and SPC-A-1. Their expression pattern was further confirmed in 25 human primary adenocarcinoma tissues. The choline uptake in these cell lines was significantly blocked by CTL1 inhibitor, but only partially inhibited by OCT or OCTN inhibitors. The efficacy of these inhibitors on cell proliferation is closely correlated with their abilities to block choline transport. Under the native expression of these transporters, the total choline uptake was notably blocked by specific PI3K/AKT inhibitors. These results describe the expression of choline transporters and their relevant function in cell proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma, thus providing a potential "choline-starvation" strategy of cancer interference through targeting choline transporters, especially CTL1. 相似文献
108.
近年来, 生物多样性监测网络的建设得到广泛重视, 全球、地区或国家生物多样性观测网不断组建。生物多样性观测的理论框架得到发展, 提出了生物多样性核心监测指标(Essential Biodiversity Variables, EBV)。鱼类多样性监测的理论框架包含于生物多样性核心监测指标之内, 在遗传、物种、生态系统等多层次进行。基于鱼类监测提出的生物完整性指数(index of biotic integrity, IBI)强调不同物种的生态功能, 可以综合反映群落结构和功能的变化, 得到广泛应用。鱼类多样性的监测方法是传统网具和现代水声学等方法的结合。监测结果的分析可以进行简单的指数比较, 也可以进行长期的趋势分析, 寻找关键节点, 探讨宏观生态格局的变化。中国内陆水体鱼类多样性监测网隶属于中国生物多样性监测与研究网络, 拟选取长江、黄河、黑龙江、珠江、澜沧江、怒江、塔里木河及青海湖8大流域, 对25个重要区域和24个重点物种(类群)进行监测, 从重要区域鱼类群落结构、重点物种(类群)种群动态和个体生物学特征、遗传多样性、早期资源等不同层次, 全面监测我国内陆水体鱼类生物多样性状况。 相似文献
109.
Hou-feng Zhang Hui Zhong Li-li Zhang Sai-bo Chen Yi-jiang Zhao Yu-lan Zhu 《Carbohydrate polymers》2009,77(4):785-790
A novel thermosensitive and hydrogel was designed and synthesized by graft copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) with biodegradable carboxymethylchitosan (CMCS). The influence of the content of CMCS grafted on the properties of the resulted hydrogels was examined. The morphology of the hydrogels was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their thermal property was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and deswelling/swelling kinetics upon external temperature changes. In comparison with the conventional PNIPAAm hydrogels, the resulted hydrogels have improved thermosensitive properties, including enlarged water content at room temperature and faster deswelling/swelling rate upon heating. The strategy described here presents a potential alternative to the traditional synthesis techniques for thermosensitive hydrogels. 相似文献
110.