光照强度对金果榄光合特性和生长品质的影响

目的:探讨不同光照强度对金果榄植株光合特性和生长的影响.方法:设置光照强度为自然光强的100％、52.7％、33.2％和15.8％四种处理,测定其光合速率等生理指标、叶绿素、生物产量及活性成分含量的变化.结果:1.低光照强度处理的光合速率均高于100％自然光照处理,33.2％处理最高,显著地高于52.7％处理和15.8...     

标准化方法筛选参照点构建大型底栖动物生物完整性指数

依据浑太河流域340个样点的栖息地和水质评价结果,采用标准化方法筛选参照点与受损点,构建大型底栖动物生物完整性评估指数(Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index of Biological Integrity,B-IBI),开展河流健康生物评价研究。标准化方法共筛选出参照点和6个受损点构建B-IBI指数。B-IBI指数包括8个大型底栖动物核心生物指标,涵盖了分类单元、相对丰度、耐污特征、优势类群和功能摄食类群的生物指标。利用构建的完整性指数开展浑太河河流健康评价结果显示,所有样点中"极好"与"好"占24.8%,"一般"占27.8%,"差"与"极差"的占47.4%,表明浑太河健康状况整体上偏差。B-IBI指数分值在参照、测试和受损点间的箱线图分布表明验证结果较为可靠;同时与2009年5月太子河全流域70个样点采用专家经验法构建的大型底栖动物生物完整性指数进行了对比,结果表明两种方法的评价结果一致性较高,健康等级完全一致的占58%,健康等级只相差一个等级的占40.6%。B-IBI与环境要素的回归分析显示,B-IBI指数与栖息地具有较高的直线线性回归关系(R2=0.25,P<0.01),与电导、高锰酸盐指数和氨氮(R2=0.23—0.34,P<0.01)均具有极显著的曲线相关关系。3个水质指标与B-IBI指数的回归方程的拐点分别约为1000μs/cm,5ml/L和1.0mg/L,当3个水质指标低于拐点值时,B-IBI指数表现为显著的下降趋势,当高于拐点值时,B-IBI指数的下降趋势明显减弱。表明高锰酸盐指数和氨氮在从清洁水体下降为III类的过程中,对大型底栖动物生物完整性的影响最为强烈。利用标准化方法筛选参照点构建的大型底栖动物完整性指数及其核心参数具有较好的敏感性,能够指示随人为活动强度增加河流生态系统健康状况的下降,适用于浑太河流域开展河流健康评估研究。     

狭叶花椒化学成分研究Ⅰ.Yangambin的分离鉴定

从芸香科(Rutaceae)花椒属植物抉叶花椒(Zanthoxylum stenophyllum Hemsl.)根皮中分到一种木脂体,通过MS、IR、UV、NMR、DEPT和双共振技术,确定其结构为(IR,2S,5R,6S)-2,6-Bis(3,4,5-trime-thoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxan-bicyclo[3,3,0]Octane.即Yangambin。     

中国转基因作物风险评估技术研究进展

现代生物技术的发展为利用外源基因培育优良作物品种提供了新的途径,目前国内外已培育出多个高抗害虫的转基因作物。但是,人们对转基因作物潜在的风险尚存在疑问,这是目前转基因作物是否能进一步获准商品化生产的一个重要原因。综述了中国转基因作物研究和转基因产品安全性检测技术取得的主要进展,对我国转基因作物的研究前景进行了展望,并对将来的工作提出了几点建议。     

分娩方式对婴儿出生后一年内肠道菌群的影响

目的 探讨不同分娩方式对婴儿出生后1年内肠道菌群定植的影响.方法 选取45例新生儿为研究对象,根据分娩方式分为自然分娩组(n=27)和剖宫产组(n=18).收集婴儿出生后0(胎粪)、3、6和12个月的粪便标本,应用高通量测序技术分析肠道菌群多样性及组成.结果 与自然分娩组比较,在0个月时剖宫产组婴儿粪便标本拟杆菌门的相...     

Community characteristics and population structure of dominant species of Abies fargesii forests in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve

In this paper, the community composition of Abies fargesii and the population structure of dominant species in this community were studied using a sampling plot method. The research plot was located in Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, China. Results showed that the appearance of the community was characterized by evergreen phanerophytes with microphyllous (or mesophyllous), coriaceous and single leaves. The vertical structure of the community can be clearly divided into 4 layers: arbor layer, shrub layer, herb layer and developed moss layer. Abies fargesii population was a developing population as there were more seedlings and young trees than old trees. Saplings were found more frequently in gaps than under the close canopy, which indicated a pattern of gap regeneration. The height structure of Abies fargesii population presented a reversed pyramid shape. Crown size structure of the population showed a typical reversed J shape. The relation between crown size and DBH (diameter at breast height) was closer than that between crown size and height.     

神农架米心水青冈-曼青冈群落的地形异质性及其生态影响

地貌单元和地形的局部变化严重制约着光照、温度、水分甚至土壤资源的再分配 ,从而对植被的分布产生影响。以永久性监测样地为基础 ,利用数字高程模型模拟 0 .96 hm2样地的地形表面 ,在地理信息系统的支持下分析了米心水青冈 -曼青冈群落的地形异质性状况 ,并结合群落调查的结果探讨了地形因素对群落组成的影响。结果表明研究范围内样方的平均坡度在 18.2～ 74 .6°之间。坡向可以分为南坡、西南坡及东南坡 3部分 ,坡度及坡向差异显著。对坡度、坡向等地形因素及群落的物种组成进行半方差分析 ,发现三者的空间异质性尺度分别为 2 85 .8m,2 80 .5 m及 6 .1m。地形因素的变化尺度远大于植被组成的变化 ,说明小尺度下地形因素不是影响群落内种群分布格局的唯一因素。坡度和坡向因子的块金值分别为 2 1.8及 4 98.0 ,说明两者在小尺度下的某些过程不能忽视。植物与地形因素的相关分析表明不同的种对地形的适应性不同 ,群落中的 2 4种主要植物可以分为 4个生态种组。因此 ,群落的物种组成变化受到多种因素的影响 ,这种影响可以在地形变化中得到反映。     

红茶菌抗菌蛋白提取与纯化

红茶菌液经过滤、离心、减压浓缩 ,丙酮加盐沉淀 ,Sephadex G-50柱层析后 ,得到两个分子量部分 ,其中小分子量部分有抗菌活性 ,采用尿素— SDS—PAGE测定抗菌蛋白分子量未获成功     

Oncogenic RAS regulates BRIP1 expression to induce dissociation of BRCA1 from chromatin, inhibit DNA repair, and promote senescence

Here, we report a cell-intrinsic mechanism by which oncogenic RAS promotes senescence while predisposing cells to senescence bypass by allowing for secondary hits. We show that oncogenic RAS inactivates the BRCA1 DNA repair complex by dissociating BRCA1 from chromatin. This event precedes senescence-associated cell cycle exit and coincides with the accumulation of DNA damage. Downregulation of BRIP1, a physiological partner of BRCA1 in the DNA repair pathway, triggers BRCA1 chromatin dissociation. Conversely, ectopic BRIP1 rescues BRCA1 chromatin dissociation and suppresses RAS-induced senescence and the DNA damage response. Significantly, cells undergoing senescence do not exhibit a BRCA1-dependent DNA repair response when exposed to DNA damage. Overall, our study provides a molecular basis by which oncogenic RAS promotes senescence. Because DNA damage has the potential to produce additional "hits" that promote senescence bypass, our findings may also suggest one way a small minority of cells might bypass senescence and contribute to cancer development.     

Apelin-36, a potent peptide,protects against ischemic brain injury by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway

Apelin is an endogenous ligand of G protein-coupled receptor-apelin and angiotensin-1-like receptor (APJ). The biological effects of apelin–APJ system are reported in multiple systems including cardiovascular, endocrinal, and gastrointestinal system. Previous studies had shown that apelin-13 is a potential protective agent on cardiac ischemia; however, the role of apelin in the central nervous system remained unknown. In this study, we investigated therapeutic effects of apelin-36, a long form of apelin, in ischemic brain injury models. We found that apelin-36 reduced cerebral infarct volume in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and the neonatal hypoxic/ischemic (H/I) injury model. Apelin-36 improved neurological deficits in the MCAO model and promoted long-term functional recovery after H/I brain injury. We further explored the protective mechanisms of apelin-36 on H/I brain injury. We clearly demonstrated that apelin-36 significantly reduced the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, two well-established apoptotic markers after H/I injury, indicating the anti-apoptotic activity of apelin-36 in ischemic injury. Since apelin-36 increased the level of phosphorylated Akt after H/I injury, we treated neonates with a specific PI3K inhibitor LY294002. We found that LY294002 decreased the phosphorylated Akt level and attenuated protective effects of apelin-36 on apoptosis. These suggested that the PI3K/Akt pathway was at least in part involved in the anti-apoptotic mechanisms of apelin-36. Our findings demonstrated that apelin-36 was a promising therapeutic agent on the treatment of ischemic brain injury.