全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1199篇 |
免费 | 127篇 |
国内免费 | 66篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 19篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 61篇 |
2020年 | 44篇 |
2019年 | 54篇 |
2018年 | 76篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 68篇 |
2015年 | 77篇 |
2014年 | 79篇 |
2013年 | 85篇 |
2012年 | 104篇 |
2011年 | 102篇 |
2010年 | 58篇 |
2009年 | 60篇 |
2008年 | 53篇 |
2007年 | 58篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 29篇 |
2002年 | 26篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1392条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
Chen Y Ip SP Ko KM Poon TC Ng EW Lai PB Mao QQ Xian YF Che CT 《Journal of proteome research》2011,10(1):299-304
To identify key proteins involved in the hepatoprotection afforded by schisandrin B (Sch B), we used a proteomic approach to screen proteins that were specifically regulated by Sch B in mouse livers and to investigate the role of the proteins in hepatoprotection. Thirteen proteins were specifically activated or suppressed by Sch B treatment. Among the 13 proteins, Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) was postulated to be the key regulator involved in the development of hepatotoxin-induced cellular damage. The results indicated that the downregulation of RKIP by antisense RKIP vector transfection led to the activation of the Raf-1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, as evidenced by increases in the level of MEK/ERK phosphorylation and the level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in the nucleus. The signaling effect produced by RKIP downregulation resembled that triggered by Sch B, wherein both treatments resulted in a decrease in the extent of carbon tetrachloride-induced apoptotic cell death in AML12 hepatocytes. Overexpression of RKIP by the sense RKIP transfection vector or the inhibition of MEK kinase by PD98059 was able to abrogate the cytoprotective effect of Sch B in the hepatocytes. The results indicate that Sch B triggers the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, presumably by downregulating RKIP, thereby protecting against carbon tetrachloride-induced cytotoxicity. 相似文献
22.
为查明年龄结构对菲律宾蛤仔同一群体内遗传多样的影响,采用14个SSR分子标记对大连石河不同年龄段的野生蛤仔进行了检测。结果表明:不同年龄段(1龄-Age1、2龄-Age2、3龄-Age3)蛤仔均维持着较高的遗传多样性。根据POPGENE 1.31和SPSS16.0统计分析显示,位点Rp-11、Rp-12、Rp-19对3个年龄段蛤仔的等位基因数差异极显著(P<0.01);位点Rp-20、Rp-24、Rp-27、Rp-30对其差异显著(P<0.05);剩余7个位点表现为差异不显著(P>0.05)。在平均水平上,每位点等位基因数目Na为4.3095,有效等位基因数目Ne为2.3729,多态位点百分数P(%)为14。观察杂合度和期望杂合度都比较高,观察杂合度平均为Ho=0.2335,期望杂合度平均为He=0.5140。而且,Ne和He随年龄的变化表现出Age2>Age3>Age1的趋势。各年龄段蛤仔——Age1、Age2、Age3的平均观察杂合度(Ho)和平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.2357、0.2546、0.2159和0.4951、0.5286、0.5184。Age2的遗传多样性指数高于Age1及Age3,遗传分化相对较低。其中,Age1与Age3蛤仔遗传距离最小,D为0.0195,即变异很小;而Age1与Age2遗传距离较大,D为0.0437,变化范围不大(0.0195—0.0437)。从遗传一致度的数值上看了3个年龄段蛤仔的遗传相似程度很大,平均为0.9655。Age1与Age3遗传相似程度高达0.9807,而Age1与Age2相似程度较小为0.9572。说明不同年龄段蛤仔相似程度非常高。根据不同年龄段蛤仔的遗传距离,采用UPGMA平均聚类方法对其进行聚类可知,Age3与Age1蛤仔间遗传距离较小,与Age2蛤仔差异较大。通过对等位基因频率进行卡方检验发现,随着年龄结构的变化,部分基因基因频率减小;同时随着年龄的增长,有部分等位基因得到了纯化。大连群体蛤仔总的遗传分化较低,其遗传分化指数Fst为0.0248(Fst<0.05),遗传分化系数为0.02,说明总的遗传变异中有2%来自于不同年龄段的蛤仔之间。遗传距离和遗传一致度均值分别为0.035和0.9655,基因流(Nm=9.8238)相对流畅,进一步表明年龄结构对蛤仔种群内遗传分化的影响较小。 相似文献
23.
Runyao Bai Huanhuan Li Wenjia Du Niu Niu Wenxia Li Qican Gao Chongyang Yao Zikai Zhou Wenhua Bao Mingjia Che Yongxiu Zhao Bin Zhou Yaohui Wang Hada Wuriyanghan 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2022,23(6):901-908
Potato virus Y (PVY) is an important pathogen of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Although the PBS1–RPS5 immune system is well documented in Arabidopsis thaliana, it has not been reported in potato. In Arabidopsis, the bacterial effector AvrPphB cleaves AtPBS1 to trigger an immune response. Here, we show that the AvrPphB-triggered immune response is mediated by StPBS1, a close homologue of AtPBS1 in potato. However, downstream signalling of StPBS1 was mediated by unknown resistance (R) proteins other than potato orthologues of AtRPS5 and HvPBR1, which is important for HvPBS1 signalling in barley. Immune signalling of StPBS1 is mediated by the AvrPphB C-terminal cleavage domain and an STKPQ motif, in contrast to AtPBS1-mediated immunity in which both AvrPphB cleavage fragments and an SEMPH motif are essential. The cleavage sequence of AvrPphB in StPBS1 was replaced with that of the PVY NIa-Pro protease to obtain StPBS1NIa. StPBS1NIa overexpression potato displayed stronger immunity to PVY infection than did the StPBS1 transgenic lines. StPBS1NIa was cleaved at the expected target site by NIa-Pro protease from PVY. Thus, we characterized the function of StPBS1 in potato immunity and provide a biotechnology control method for PVY via transformation of decoy-engineered StPBS1NIa. 相似文献
24.
在提高乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)酶联免疫诊断盒灵敏度的研究中对包被抗体、酶标记用抗体作了大量的筛选、对比实验。结果表明,包被单克隆抗体配伍酶标记山羊或豚鼠多克隆抗体可使乙肝表面抗原检测灵敏度达到0.2ng,超过中国药品生物制品检定所要求的1ng批批检合格标准,同时,特异性及变异系数均合乎要求,从而提高了试剂盒的质量。这一研究结果对提高其它以夹心法为原理的检测灵敏度有重要意义。 相似文献
25.
26.
为研究1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶(ACC氧化酶,ACO)基因在苦瓜性别分化中的作用,以全雌系苦瓜‘X-Hei-d-d’花蕾为试材,采用RT-PCR和RACE技术获得了ACC氧化酶基因(Mc-ACO1)的全长cDNA序列。该序列为1 137 bp(GenBank登录号:FJ459813),其完整开放阅读框长1 005 bp,编码334个氨基酸,预测分子量为37.30 kD,肽链N端缺失ACOs家族典型的1个保守区和2个保守二价铁离子/抗坏血酸依赖型双加氧酶氨基酸残基。序列分析表明,植物ACO基因的演化与其来源植物亲缘关系的一致性较高;与其他物种相比,苦瓜Mc-ACO1不同的氨基酸序列主要表现在肽链N端;苦瓜Mc-ACO1应属于黄瓜Cs-ACO2类成员,功能可能与性别分化相关。 相似文献
27.
Diversity and dynamics of the bacterial community involved in pig manure biodegradation in a microbial fermentation bed system 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Qianqian Chen Bo Liu Jieping Wang Jianmei Che Guohong Liu Xiong Guan 《Annals of microbiology》2017,67(7):491-500
Overproduction of livestock manures with unpleasant odors causes significant environmental problems. The microbial fermentation bed (MFB) system is considered an effective approach to recycling utilization of agricultural byproducts and pig manure (PM). To gain a better understanding of bacterial communities present during the degradation of PM in MFB, the PM bacterial community was evaluated at different fermentation stages using 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing technology. The heatmap plot clustered five samples into short-term fermentation stage of 0–10 days and long-term fermentation stage of 15–20 days. The most abundant OTUs at the phylum level were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the long-term fermentation stage of PM, whereas Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria predominated in the short-term fermentation stage of PM. At the genus level, organic degradation strains, such as Corynebacterium, Bacillus, Virgibacillus, Pseudomonas, Actinobacteria, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus were the predominate genera at the long-term fermentation stage, but were found only rarely in the short-term fermentation stage. C/N ratios increased and the concentration of the unpleasant odor substance 3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole (3-MI) decreased with prolonged period of fermentation. Redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria had a close relationship with degradation of 3-MI and increasing C/N ratio. These results provide valuable additional information about bacterial community composition during PM biodegradation in animal husbandry. 相似文献
28.
Qingxi Fu Naiyong Gao Jixu Yu Guozhao Ma Yifeng Du Fumin Wang Quanping Su Fengyuan Che 《Neurochemical research》2014,39(7):1313-1321
The aggregation and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Aβ is known to increase free radical production in neuronal cells, leading to oxidative stress and cell death. Diazoxide (DZ), a highly selective drug capable of opening mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels, has neuroprotective effects against neuronal cell death. However, the mechanism through which DZ protects cholinergic neurons against Aβ-induced oxidative injury is still unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DZ pretreatment against Aβ1–42 induced oxidative damage and cytotoxicity. Through measures of DZ effects on Aβ1–42 induced cellular damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA generation and expressions of gp91phox and p47phox in cholinergic neurons, new insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms can be derived. Aβ1–42 significantly decreased 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide levels and increased ROS and MDA production; all effects were attenuated by pretreatment with DZ or diphenyleneiodonium chloride (a NOX2 inhibitor). Pretreatment with DZ also attenuated the upregulation of NOX2 subunits (gp91phox and p47phox) induced by Aβ1–42. Since NOX2 is one of the main sources of free radicals, these results suggest that DZ can counteract Aβ1–42 induced oxidative stress and associated cell death by reducing the level of ROS and MDA, in part, by alleviating NOX2 expression. 相似文献
29.
柱前衍生化HPLC法测定黄芪中黄芪甲苷的含量 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
目的:建立黄芪中黄芪甲苷的柱前衍化高效液相色谱测定法,并用该法对不同产地黄芪中黄芪甲苷的含量进行比较,方法:以吡啶-苯甲酰氯(2.5:1)为衍生化试剂,对黄芪甲苷分子中的羟基进行苯甲酰化,以甲醇-四氢呋喃-水(90:4:6,0.2%三乙胺)为流动相,VD3为内标物,在230nm波长处检测。结果黄芪甲苷在0.004-0.080mg.mL^-1范围内呈线性,相关系数为0.9999,平均回收率为94.7 相似文献
30.
低氧对肺动脉内皮细胞PDGF—B链释放及平滑肌细胞生长的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用蛋白dotblot技术检测了低氧内皮细胞条件培养液(HECCM)和常氧内皮细胞条件培养液(NECCM)内PDGF相对含量,并利用[3H]-TdR掺入法和流式细胞术观察了HECCM和NECCM及加入特异PDGF抗体对肺动脉平滑肌细胞(PASMC)生长的影响。结果表明,HECCM中的PDGF含量明显高于NECCM;HECCM能明显增强PASMC内DNA合成,促进PASMC从Go/G1期进入S期;当预先加入PDGF-B链抗体时,则会明显地抑制HECCM对PASMC的DNA合成,阻止PASMC从Go/G1期进入S期。结果提示,低氧时PASMC增殖与肺动脉内皮细胞分泌释放PDGF增加有关 相似文献