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981.
Procházková J Kubala L Kotasová H Gudernová I Šrámková Z Pekarová M Sarkadi B Pacherník J 《Free radical research》2011,45(7):779-787
Intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the control of cell physiology. For the assessment of intracellular ROS production, a plethora of fluorescent probes is commonly used. Interestingly, chemical structures of these probes imply they could be substrates of plasma membrane efflux pumps, called ABC transporters. This study tested whether the determination of intracellular ROS production and mitochondrial membrane potential by selected fluorescent probes is modulated by the expression and activity of ABC transporters. The sub-clones of the HL-60 cell line over-expressing MDR1, MRP1 and BCRP transporters were employed. ROS production measured by luminol- and L-012-enhaced chemiluminescence and cytochrome c reduction assay showed similar levels of ROS production in all the employed cell lines. It was proved that dihydrorhodamine 123, dihexiloxocarbocyanine iodide, hydroethidine, tetrachloro-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbo-cyanine iodide and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate are substrates for MDR1; dichlorodihydrofluoresceine, hydroethidine and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate are substrates for MRP1; dichlorodihydrofluoresceine, dihydrorhodamine 123, hydroethidine and tetrachloro-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbo-cyanine iodide are substrates for BCRP. Thus, the determination of intracellular ROS and mitochondrial potential by the selected probes is significantly altered by ABC transporter activities. The activity of these transporters must be considered when employing fluorescent probes for the assessment of ROS production or mitochondrial membrane potential. 相似文献
982.
Brittain JM Duarte DB Wilson SM Zhu W Ballard C Johnson PL Liu N Xiong W Ripsch MS Wang Y Fehrenbacher JC Fitz SD Khanna M Park CK Schmutzler BS Cheon BM Due MR Brustovetsky T Ashpole NM Hudmon A Meroueh SO Hingtgen CM Brustovetsky N Ji RR Hurley JH Jin X Shekhar A Xu XM Oxford GS Vasko MR White FA Khanna R 《Nature medicine》2011,17(7):822-829
983.
984.
985.
Kwak SJ Paeng J Kim do H Lee SH Nam BY Kang HY Li JJ Jung DS Han SH Ryu DR Park JT Chang TI Yoo TH Han DS Kang SW 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》2011,16(5):478-490
The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) serves as the physiologic counterbalance to the renin-angiotensin system. This study was conducted to examine the changes in the expression of KKS components in podocytes under diabetic conditions and to elucidate the functional role of bradykinin (BK) in diabetes-associated podocyte apoptosis. Thirty-two rats were injected with either diluent (n = 16, C) or with streptozotocin intraperitoneally (n = 16, DM), and 8 rats from each group were treated with BK infusion for 6 weeks. Immortalized mouse podocytes were cultured in media containing 5.6 mmol/l glucose (NG), NG + 10(-7) mol/l AII (AII), or 30 mmol/l glucose (HG) with or without 10(-8) mol/l BK. Urinary albumin excretion was significantly higher in DM rats, and this increase was ameliorated by BK. Not only kininogen, kallikrein, and BK B1- and B2-receptor expression but also BK levels were significantly decreased in DM glomeruli and in cultured podocytes exposed to HG. The changes in the expressions of apoptosis-related molecules and the increase in the number of apoptotic cells in DM glomeruli as well as in HG- and AII-stimulated podocytes were significantly abrogated by BK. The suppressed KSS within podocytes under diabetic condition was associated with podocyte apoptosis, suggesting that BK may be beneficial in preventing podocyte loss in diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献
986.
987.
Hong IH Ji H Hwa SY Jeong WI Jeong DH Do SH Kim JM Ki MR Park JK Goo MJ Hwang OK Hong KS Han JY Chung HY Jeong KS 《Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)》2011,13(3):462-473
ENA Actimineral Resource A (ENA-A) is alkaline water that is composed of refined edible cuttlefish bone and two different species of seaweed, Phymatolithon calcareum and Lithothamnion corallioides. In the present study, ENA-A was investigated as an antioxidant to protect against CCl(4)-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver injury was induced by either subacute or chronic CCl(4) administration, and the rats had free access to tap water mixed with 0% (control group) or 10% (v/v) ENA-A for 5 or 8?weeks. The results of histological examination and measurement of antioxidant activity showed that the reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, induction of CYP2E1 were decreased and the antioxidant activity, including glutathione and catalase production, was increased in the ENA-A groups as compared with the control group. On 2-DE gel analysis of the proteomes, 13 differentially expressed proteins were obtained in the ENA-A groups as compared with the control group. Antioxidant proteins, including glutathione S-transferase, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, and peroxiredoxin 1, were increased with hepatocyte nuclear factor 3-beta and serum albumin precursor, and kininogen precursor decreased more in the ENA-A groups than compared to the control group. In conclusion, our results suggest that ENA-A does indeed have some protective capabilities against CCl(4)-induced liver injury through its antioxidant function. 相似文献
988.
Zuoqiang Yuan Antonio Gazol Xugao Wang Fei Lin Ji Ye Xuejiao Bai Buhang Li Zhanqing Hao 《Basic and Applied Ecology》2011,12(6):488-495
The major processes generating pattern in plant community composition depend upon the spatial scale and resolution of observation, therefore understanding the role played by spatial scale on species patterns is of major concern. In this study, we investigate how well environmental (topography and soil variables) and spatial variables explain variation in species composition in a 25-ha temperate forest in northeastern China. We used new variation partitioning approaches to discover the spatial scale (using multi-scale spatial PCNM variables) at which environmental heterogeneity and other spatially structured processes influence tree community composition. We also test the effect of changing grain of the study (i.e. quadrat size) on the variation partitioning results. Our results indicate that (1) species composition in the Changbai mixed broadleaf-conifer forest was controlled mainly by spatially structured soil variation at broad scales, while at finer scales most of the explained variation was of a spatial nature, pointing to the importance of biotic processes. (2) These results held at all sampling grains. However, reducing quadrat size progressively reduced both spatially and environmentally explained variance. This probably partly reflects increasing stochasticity in species abundances, and the smaller proportion of quadrats occupied by each species, when quadrat size is reduced. The results suggest that environmental heterogeneity (i.e. niche processes) and other biotic processes such as dispersal work together, but at different spatial scales, to build up diversity patterns. 相似文献
989.
990.
目的:探讨四逆散对疲劳大鼠学习记忆及脑内GABA_B1受体的影响。方法:应用游泳训练和睡眠剥夺方法复制疲劳动物模型,运用Y-迷宫检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力,采用免疫组化方法检测大鼠脑内GABA_B1受体阳性反应物的变化。结果:模型组与正常组相比,大鼠Y-迷宫正确反应率明显下降,错误反应率明显升高,大鼠脑内GABA_B1的阳性反应物数目明显增多;中药治疗组与模型组相比,正确反应率明显升高,错误反应次数明显下降,脑内GABA_B1受体的阳性反应物数目明显减少。结论:四逆散对疲劳大鼠学习记忆能力的下降具有改善作用。 相似文献