雄性麋鹿的吼叫行为、序位等级与成功繁殖

为探讨雄性麋鹿（Elaphurus davidianus）的吼叫行为与序位等级的关系,以及这种关系在成功繁殖中的作用。2000年7－8月,在北京麋鹿苑选定12头成体雄鹿,用目标取样法观察记录每头鹿的吼叫、圈群和交配行为的发生频次。用有效比值[被雌鹿接受的频次／雄鹿圈群（或交配）的总频次]来衡量雄鹿圈群行为（或交配行为）的有效性。依据雄鹿在发情期的表现状态,把雄鹿归为3类：占有雌鹿群的“群主”（4头）、未占有雌鹿群而挑战“群主”的“挑战者”（5头）和远离繁殖群的“单身汉”（3头）。不同序位等级雄鹿的吼叫频次、圈群（或交配）行为频次、圈群行为（或交配行为）的有效值存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。对吼叫行为的分析表明：“群主”吼叫频次最高,“单身汉”吼叫频次最低。“群主”的有效值最高,“单身汉”的有效值最低。据此认为雄性麋鹿的吼叫行为与其序位等级密切相关,而序位等级又决定了雄鹿参与繁殖的机会。此外,还记录到占群雄鹿的警戒吼叫,这是对Wemmer et al.(1983)警戒吼叫行为仅见于雌鹿的观察结果的补充。     

大鼠侧脑室慢性注射CRF致抑郁样变化研究

为了探讨CRF在抑郁症发生发展过程中的作用．对正常大鼠侧脑室慢性注射CRF21天并与慢性非预见性应激刺激21天建立的抑郁症模型大鼠进行比较。运用旷场行为实验（open-field）观察大鼠主动性活动能力．用Morris water Maze法．以训练期的逃避潜伏期为指标检测大鼠空间学习记忆能力。采用HPLC—UV法测定血清皮质醇含量,RT—PCR法检测CRF及其受体mRNA的表达。结果显示：慢性应激21天建立的模型大鼠主动性活动和学习记忆能力均明显下降．血清皮质醇含量显著升高,CRF及其受体R1 mRNA的表达增加。大鼠侧脑室慢性注射CRF21天后．其体重增量、主动性活动和学习记忆能力与慢性应激模型大鼠一样均明显降低。这些工作证明了CRF在抑郁症的发生发展过程中发挥了至关重要的作用．慢性应激导致机体CRF分泌持续增加可能是抑郁症发病的主要原因。     

高粱舟蛾发生规律与防治研究

高粱舟蛾Dinaracombusta (Walker)以幼虫取食玉米、高粱、甘蔗叶片。近年来 ,河北省正定、磁县、滦城等地危害夏玉米成灾。该虫在河北中南部每年发生 1代 ,以蛹在土中越冬 ,6月底至 7月上旬夏玉米田开始见卵 ,7月中下至 8月上旬为幼虫发生危害盛期。虫口密度与气象、天敌及食物因素有关。幼虫抗药性低 ,在夏玉米田采用高效氯氰菊酯乳油等低龄期防治 ,效果均在 90 %以上     

Pichia Pastoris表达系统的启动子研究进展

Pichia Pastoris是近年迅速发展的一种真核表达宿主,具有高效和适于进行高密度发酵等优点,已广泛应用于生产重组蛋白.启动子是表达系统重要组成部分中表达载体的核心元件,它的特性直接影响着它所调控的外源基因的表达.本文简要介绍了P.pastoris表达系统启动子pAOX1,pFLD1,pGAP,pYPT1和pICL1研究进展.     

虎纹捕鸟蛛的饲养与繁殖技术

本文简要介绍饲养、繁殖虎纹捕鸟蛛的技术,包括它的形态特征、生活习性、食物种类及饲养器具等,并介绍了在饲养和繁殖中应注意的一些问题。     

Con A affinity glycoproteomics of normal human liver tissue

In order to establish the novel high throughput, high efficiency and low cost technological platform for the research of N-glycoproteomics, to resolve the significance of characteristic expression profile of glycoprotein and to find the proteins with biological functional importance, the glycoproteins with high-mannose core and the two antennary types were purified and enriched by the Con A affinity chromatography. Con A affinity protein expression profiles of normal human liver tissue were generated by using SDS-PAGE, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by fast fluorescence staining based on multiplexed proteomics (MP) technology. 301 visible protein spots on the gel were detected and 85 of glycoproteins were further successfully identified via peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) by a matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) and annotated to IPI databases. Identified glycoproteins definitely take part in the regulation of cell cycle and metabolic processes. The glycosylation sites were predicted with NetNGlyc 1.0 and NetOGlyc 3.1 software, meanwhile they were classified according to the geneontology methods. The construction of Con A affinity glycoprotein database of normal human liver tissue would contribute to the subsequent research.     

Diterpenoids from Wedelia prostrata and Their Derivatives and Cytotoxic Activities

One new ent‐kaurane diterpenoid, 11β,16α‐dihydroxy‐ent‐kauran‐19‐oic acid ( 1 ), together with eight known analogues 2 – 9 were isolated from the aerial parts of Wedelia prostrata. One of the acidic diterpenoids, kaurenoic acid ( 3 ), was converted to seven derivatives, 10 – 16 . All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against human leukemia (K562), liver (HepG‐2), and stomach (SGC‐7901) cancer cell lines. Only four kaurenoic acid derivatives, 13 – 16 , with 15‐keto and substitutions at C(19) position, exhibited notable cytotoxic activities on these tumor cell lines with IC₅₀ value ranging from 0.05 to 3.71 μm . Compounds 10 – 12 , with oxime on C(15) showed moderate inhibitory effects and compounds 1 – 9 showed no cytotoxicities on them. Structure–activity relationships were also discussed based on the experimental data obtained. The known derivative, 15‐oxokaurenoic acid 4‐piperdin‐1‐ylbutyl ester ( 17 ), induced typical apoptotic cell death in colon SW480 cells upon evaluation of the apoptosis‐inducing activity by flow‐cytometric analysis.     

傣药植物内生真菌的抑菌活性评价及发酵条件探索

从云南傣药植物中分离到180株内生真菌,选用9种培养基进行发酵。利用茄腐镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、立枯丝核菌、玉米小斑病、稻梨孢菌等5种植物病原菌作为指示菌株,结合TLC检测对其发酵粗提物进行活性评价和化学多样性分析,以期寻找到具有开发潜力的活性菌株。研究结果表明活性菌株为36株,其中有7株菌活性好且产物多样性丰富。     

笼养雌性果子狸同性数量对发情状态的影响及繁殖季节尿液雌激素浓度的变化

本研究试图揭示 (1)社会环境影响雌性果子狸 (Pagumalarvata)的交配日期 ,(2 )哺乳期母兽有雌二醇浓度升高的现象。通过检查是否排出交配栓并结合交配行为的发生与否确定开始交配的日期 ,使用放射免疫方法测定尿中雌二醇浓度。结果表明 (1)一雄两雌组中优势雌兽开始交配的日期显著早于劣势雌兽和单雌组雌兽 ,劣势雌兽和单雌组雌兽之间无差异 ;交配期优势雌兽尿液中雌二醇浓度明显高于劣势雌兽 ,而与单雌组中的雌兽无差异 ,但单雌组中雌兽尿液中雌二醇的浓度明显高于劣势雌兽雌二醇的浓度 ;(2 ) 5头母兽产后第二天雌二醇浓度开始上升 ,在第 5天时达到高峰 ,其中 4头母兽的雌二醇浓度共出现了两个峰值 ,其间隔为 16 75± 4 4 6 (4)天。上述结果说明 :(1)社会影响仅对优势雌性个体的繁殖有促进作用 ;(2 )哺乳期雌二醇水平的升高是季节性多次发情的基础。