绝经后女性心血管危险因素与骨密度的相关关系

目的:本研究的目的是评估绝经后女性冠心病患者心血管危险因素与骨密度的相关关系。方法:评估216例拟行冠脉造影的绝经后女性冠心病患者的危险因素,并于冠脉造影检查前日或次日行骨密度检测,依据T值将受试者分为2组:骨量正常组(T值大于-1SD)、低骨量组(T值小于-1SD)。结果:2组患者在BMI、糖尿病、高血压及吸烟等均无显著性差异。低骨量组冠心病的发生率及年龄显著高于骨量正常组。Logistic回归分析显示绝经后女性冠心病患者年龄与骨密度独立相关(OR=1.072 CI:1.036～1.11p=0.001)。结论:年龄与绝经后女性冠心病患者骨密度负相关,心血管病危险因素或冠心病与骨量不相关。     

Effects of elevated CO2 and transgenic Bt rice on yeast‐like endosymbiote and its host brown planthopper

The effects of elevated CO₂ (750 vs. 375μl/l) on population abundances and metabolism enzyme of AChE and protective enzymes of SOD, POD and CAT in brown planthoppers (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens, and on size and abundances of yeast‐like endosymbiotes (YLES) were studied as BPH fed Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice expressing pure Cry1Ab after successively two generations in open‐top chambers. The results indicated that: (1) Brachypterous and macropterous subpopulations and total population increased with elevated CO₂. Significant increases were found as BPH fed non‐transgenic rice while only significant increase as macropterous‐BPH fed Bt rice. (2) The responses of brachypterous and macropterous‐BPH to Bt rice were different. Brachypterous‐subpopulation significantly decreased (13.6%) while macropterous ones significantly increased (43.8%) as fed Bt rice relative to non‐transgenic rice at elevated CO₂. (3) Elevated CO₂ only significantly inhibited AChE activity as brachypterous‐BPH fed non‐transgenic rice. Significant increases in POD and SOD, and significant decrease in CAT were found as brachypterous‐BPH fed Bt rice, while significant increases in CAT and significant decrease in POD were also observed as fed non‐transgenic rice in elevated CO₂ relative to ambient CO₂. (4) Bt rice significantly inhibited POD and SOD activity at ambient CO₂, while only significantly enhanced SOD activity at elevated CO₂. (5) Elevated CO₂ significantly decreased YLES per mg/head of brachypterous‐BPH females while only significantly decreased YLES per mg/head as brachypterous‐BPH males fed Bt rice. And there were significant differences in YLES width or length between females and males. Elevated CO₂ can markedly affect the symbiosis relationship between YLES and BPH through the bottom‐up forcing on BPH physiological metabolism. And the damage inflicted by BPH on rice, irrespective of the presence of insecticidal genes, is predicted to be higher at elevated CO₂. Furthermore, transgenic Bt rice can also exacerbate emigrating‐macropterous‐BPH occurring especially at elevated CO₂.     

米根霉糖化酶、类芽孢杆菌木聚糖酶融合蛋白的真核分泌表达

以米根霉(Rhizopus oryzae)3.866基因组DNA为模板,克隆得到糖化酶基因(glucoamylase gene, amyA),基因全长2 049 bp,编码604个氨基酸;以类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus sp.)H10-3基因组DNA为模板,克隆出基因木聚糖酶基因(xylanase A gene, xynA)的成熟肽编码序列,长636 bp,编码211个氨基酸。通过重叠延伸PCR(SOE-PCR)得到拼接片段amyA-l-xynA,并将其克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9中,得到重组质粒pPIC9-amyA-l-xynA,重组质粒线性化后经电击转化到毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)GS115中,得到了表达成功的工程菌AX11。在AX11发酵上清液中同时检测到糖化酶活性(5.8 U/mL)和木聚糖酶活性(32.3 U/mL)。     

Weight gain prevention among women

Objective: Women 25 to 45 years old are at risk for weight gain and future obesity. This trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of two interventions relative to a control group in preventing weight gain among normal or overweight women and to identify demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors related to weight gain prevention. Research Methods and Procedures: Healthy women (N = 284), ages 25 to 44, with BMI < 30 were randomized to one of three intervention conditions: a clinic‐based group, a correspondence course, or an information‐only control. Intervention was provided over 2 years, with a follow‐up at Year 3. BMI and factors related to eating and weight were assessed yearly. Results: Over the 3‐year study period, 40% (n = 114) of the women remained at or below baseline body weight (±2 lbs), and 60% gained weight (>2 lbs). Intervention had no effect on weight over time. Independently of intervention, women who were older, not actively dieting to lose weight, and who reported less perceived hunger at baseline were more likely to be successful at weight maintenance. Weight maintenance also was associated with increasing dietary restraint (conscious thoughts and purposeful behaviors to control calorie intake) and decreasing dietary disinhibition (the tendency to lose control over eating) over time. Discussion: This study raises concern about the feasibility and efficacy of weight gain prevention interventions because most women were interested in weight loss, rather than weight gain prevention, and the interventions had no effect on weight stability. Novel approaches to the prevention of weight gain are needed.     

重组人干细胞因子在昆虫细胞中的高效表达

含信号肽的可溶性人干细胞因子（ｈＳＣＦ）ｃＤＮＡ 基因重组于杆状病毒转移载体ｐＶＬ９４１ 中,重组转移载体ｐＶＬ９４１ＳＣＦ与野生型苜蓿夜蛾核型多角体病毒（ＡｃＮＰＶ）ＤＮＡ 共转染草地夜蛾细胞Ｓｆ９ 后,通过体内同源重组构建了重组病毒ＡｃＮＰＶＳＣＦ。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交表明重组病毒基因组中含有ｈＳＣＦ基因片段。重组病毒感染单层Ｓｆ９ 细胞后,表达产物分泌到胞外培养液中。用ＭＴＴ 比色法和ＴＦ１ 细胞株测定表达产物与ＩＬ３ 的协同效应,测得感染重组病毒的培养细胞第三天表达量为１９７０ ｕｎｉｔｓ／ｍ Ｌ培养液。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ 分析可见分子量为１８ ×１０３ 、２０ ×１０３ 和２２ ×１０３ 三条带。     

Sigma B对单核细胞增生李斯特菌耐受抗生素作用的影响

单核细胞增生李斯特菌是重要的革兰阳性食源性致病菌。近年来的报道显示出该菌耐受抗生素的能力有不断增强的趋势,为了探讨其耐药机制,对Sigma B（σB,李斯特菌中应对环境胁迫的主要调控因子）在抗生素耐受性中的作用进行了初步研究。检测和比较单核细胞增生李斯特菌标准菌株EGDe和其σB缺失突变菌株EGDeΔsigB对盘尼西林青霉素、氨苄西林青霉素、利福平、硫酸庆大霉素、四环素盐酸和红霉素6种抗生素的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）;在测定的MIC的基础上,利用MTT（噻唑蓝活体染色法）法比较EGDe和EGDeΔsigB在1×MIC、2×MIC和8×MIC的氨苄西林青霉素、红霉素和利福平3种抗生素中的生长活性。EGDe对盘尼西林青霉素（0.16μg/mL）、四环素盐酸（0.25μg/mL）和硫酸庆大霉素（0.5μg/mL）的MIC高于EGDeΔsigB（分别为0.08、0.125和0.125μg/mL）;而对氨苄西林青霉素、红霉素和利福平的MIC 2种菌株没有差别,分别为0.19、0.125和0.032μg/mL;与EGDe相比,EGDeΔsigB在氨苄西林青霉素、红霉素和利福平培养基中的生长活性较差,对抗生素的抑制更为敏感,而且随着这3种抗生素浓度的增加,其抑制程度也随之增强。Sigma B在单核细胞增生李斯特菌对抗生素的耐受中起到重要调节作用。     

Neuroprotectin D1 inhibits retinal ganglion cell death following axotomy

Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), a docosahexaenoic acid-derived autacoid, is an endogenous neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory mediator that is generated in the retina and brain. The effects of exogenous NPD1 on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis and the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox15) in retina were evaluated after optic nerve transection (ONT). Treatment with NPD1 was associated with significant protection against RGC death. The percentage of RGC survival in NPD1-treated group was 30% at 2 weeks after ONT as compared with 12% of RGC survival in the ONT group without treatment. Endogenous NPD1 was a predominant lipid autocoid in uninjured and axotomized retinas. Alox15 mRNA expression was upregulated in retinas following ONT suggesting that amplification of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) may represent a neuroprotective response in the rat retina. The density of RGCs was higher in the normal retina of 12/15-LOX-deficient mice as compared with congenic controls. Hence, the resident NPD1 has a potential role in the physiological and pathophysiological responses of the retina.     

γ-谷氨酰激酶基因敲除对产L-精氨酸钝齿棒杆菌8-193 生理代谢的影响

摘要:【目的】为了阻断L-精氨酸合成的前体物L-谷氨酸的分支代谢途径,增加L-精氨酸合成的代谢流,构建钝齿棒杆菌8-193(Corynebacterium crenatum 8-193)γ-谷氨酰激酶( EC:2.7.2.11,γ-glutamyl kinase) 基因proB 敲除的菌株,并研究proB 基因敲除对菌株生理特性的影响。【方法】运用PCR 技术分别扩增proB 基因的上游和下游序列,构建带有内部缺失的proB 基因的敲除载体。经过两次同源重组,敲除C．crenatum 8-193 的pro