北极海洋链霉菌604F的卤化酶基因克隆及特征

【目的】本研究旨在克隆来自北极海洋、具有合成卤化物潜力的链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)604F中的一个卤化酶基因,为后续克隆卤化物合成基因簇、分离鉴定卤化物提供指导。【方法】利用琼脂块法初步测试抗菌活性,借助液相色谱-飞行时间串联质谱技术(LC-Tof MS)初步寻找Streptomyces sp.604F发酵粗提液中的卤化物,并以简并PCR扩增合成次级代谢产物的指示基因(I型、II型聚酮合酶及非核糖体多肽合成酶编码基因);根据依赖黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸的卤化酶基因保守区设计的简并引物,扩增基因片段并测序分析;采用高效热不对称交错PCR(hiTAIL-PCR)技术扩增卤化酶基因全长。【结果】Streptomyces sp.604F具有较强的抗白色念珠菌活性,其基因组同时含有编码I型聚酮合酶、II型聚酮合酶和非核糖体多肽合成酶基因,以及卤化酶基因;通过染色体步移克隆该卤化酶基因全长,共1443 bp,编码一个新的非色氨酸卤化酶,在合成已知卤化物的卤化酶数据库中,与其同源关系最近的为一类参与合成糖肽类次级代谢产物的卤化酶。【结论】Streptomyces sp.604F具有新的非色氨酸卤化酶,且推测参与糖肽类化合物的卤化修饰,为后续寻找目的卤化物提供了指导,也为研究该合成基因簇奠定基础。     

Combinatorial signals of activin/nodal and bone morphogenic protein regulate the early lineage segregation of human embryonic stem cells

Cell fate commitment of pre-implantation blastocysts, to either the inner cell mass or trophoblast, is the first step in cell lineage segregation of the developing human embryo. However, the intercellular signals that control fate determination of these cells remain obscure. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a unique model for studying human early embryonic development. We have previously shown that Activin/Nodal signaling contributes to maintaining pluripotency of hESCs, which are derivatives of the inner cell mass. Here we further demonstrate that the inhibition of Activin/Nodal signaling results in the loss of hESC pluripotency and trophoblast differentiation, similar to BMP4-induced trophoblast differentiation from hESCs. We also show that the trophoblast induction effect of BMP4 correlates with and depends on the inhibition of Activin/Nodal signaling. However, the activation of BMP signaling is still required for trophoblast differentiation when Activin/Nodal signaling is inhibited. These data reveal that the early lineage segregation of hESCs is determined by the combinatorial signals of Activin/Nodal and BMP.     

Phosphorylation of serine-15 of maize leaf sucrose synthase. Occurrence in vivo and possible regulatory significance.

Experiments were conducted to determine whether sucrose synthase (SuSy) was phosphorylated in the elongation zone of maize (Zea mays L.) leaves. The approximately 90-kD subunit of SuSy was 32P-labeled on seryl residue(s) when excised shoots were fed [32P]orthophosphate. Both isoforms of SuSy (the SS1 and SS2 proteins) were phosphorylated in vivo, and tryptic peptide-mapping analysis suggested a single, similar phosphorylation site in both proteins. A combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and automated Edman sequencing analysis unequivocally identified the phosphorylation site in the maize SS2 protein as serine-15. This site was phosphorylated in vitro by endogenous protein kinase(s) in a strictly Ca(2+)-dependent manner. A synthetic peptide, based on the phosphorylation site sequence, was used to identify and partially purify an endogenous Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase(s) from the maize leaf elongation zone and expanding spinach leaves. Phosphorylation of SuSy in vitro selectively activates the cleavage reaction by increasing the apparent affinity of the enzyme for sucrose and UDP, suggesting that phosphorylation may be of regulatory significance. Conservation of the phosphorylation site, and the sequences surrounding it, among plant species suggests that phosphorylation of SuSy may be widespread, if not universal, in plants.     

Variation in the significant environmental factors affecting larval abundance of four major Chinese carp species: fish spawning response to the Three Gorges Dam

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溶藻菌株NP23的紫外诱变选育

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Physiological adaptability of three mangrove species to salt stress

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An improved particle bombardment for the generation of transgenic plants by direct immobilization of relleasable Tn5 transposases onto gold particles

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The infection of chicken tracheal epithelial cells with a H6N1 avian influenza virus

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Leaf traits of natural populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Adiantum reniforme</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">sinensis</Emphasis>, endemic to the Three Gorges region in China

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