基于替代式自下而上法的区域旅游交通碳排放测度

区域旅游交通碳排放测度是分解旅游业减碳任务的一个难题。在剖析替代式自下而上法机理的基础上,以长三角为例,依托归纳法和变异系数法,尝试从人均GDP、人均消费水平和人均运输线路长度三方面测算出游距离,采取以实地调研数据为主、辅之以Mus TT模型法拟定各旅游交通方式的距离比例,立足区情确定碳排放系数,并以区域输入和输出的双向旅游流的人次比值法则对替代结果进行还原调整。研究表明:(1)2011年,长三角旅游交通碳排放总量为8.32 Mt,其中江苏省、浙江省和上海市分别为3.23、2.98 Mt和2.11 Mt;(2)飞机和自驾车共占排放量的71.64%,较明显低于世界平均比例,二者是降低旅游交通碳排放的关键;旅游公共交通的碳排放比例具有远高于发达国家甚至全球平均水平的"中国式"烙印;由高碳排放系数的旅游交通方式向低碳排放系数甚至零碳排放系数的转变,是旅游交通减排的基本方向。     

罗汉果多糖对环磷酰胺所致的免疫 抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响

该研究将小鼠随机分成正常组,模型组,罗汉果多糖低、中、高剂量组(25、50、100 mg·kg~(-1))和左旋咪唑组,采用腹腔注射环磷酰胺(20 mg·kg~(-1))建立免疫抑制小鼠模型,连续灌胃给药14 d后,测定各组小鼠的免疫器官指数、廓清指数(K)、吞噬指数(α)、T和B淋巴细胞增殖水平、耳肿胀度、半数溶血值(HC50)以及免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、TNF-α的含量,并观察脾组织病理形态变化,考察罗汉果多糖对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明:罗汉果多糖各剂量组(25、50、100 mg·kg~(-1))均能显著提高免疫抑制小鼠的免疫器官指数、半数溶血值(HC_(50))、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,明显降低耳肿胀度,显著增加IgG、IgM、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、TNF-α的含量。罗汉果多糖中、高剂量组(50、100 mg·kg~(-1))能显著增强T淋巴细胞增殖能力,明显增加廓清指数(K)、吞噬指数(α)。脾组织病理学观察结果表明,罗汉果多糖可以减轻免疫抑制小鼠脾脏的病理损伤。这表明罗汉果多糖能明显增强环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能。     

The porcine <Emphasis Type="Italic">ANG</Emphasis>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">RNASE1</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">RNASE6</Emphasis> genes: molecular cloning,polymorphism detection and the association with haematological parameters

Angiogenin (ANG) [also known as ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5 (RNASE5)], ribonuclease, RNase A family, 1 (pancreatic) (RNASE1) and ribonuclease, RNase A family, k6 (RNASE6) are three members of the RNase A superfamily. It has been suggested that these three genes play important roles in host defense. In this study, we obtained the whole open reading frame (ORF) of each gene and found the deduced proteins contain some similar structures harboring a catalytic triad and an invariant “CKXXNTF” signature motif. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in each gene (g. 149G>T polymorphism in the porcine ANG gene, which resulted in an amino acid change from glycine to valine, g. 296A>G polymorphism in the porcine RNASE1 gene and g. 389C>T polymorphism in the porcine RNASE6 gene). Association analyses revealed the significant associations (P < 0.05) between the porcine ANG g. 149G>T polymorphism and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) measured on 0-day-old pigs and MCV measured at 32 days after birth. The porcine RNASE6 g. 389C>T polymorphism was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with MCV, MCH and neutrophil percentage (NEI %) measured on 0-day-old pigs, respectively. Our current findings, if confirmed by other studies, might shed some light on the roles of the investigated genes in host defense.     

性别及日龄对转人神经生长因子基因小鼠唾液中蛋白分泌的影响

神经生长因子(Nerve growth factor,NGF)是一种能促进神经元发育、分化、再生的蛋白。为高效生产药效更佳的人源NGF (hNGF)药物,最近,笔者实验室构建出唾液腺特异表达hNGF的转基因小鼠,并从该转基因小鼠唾液中纯化获得具有高生物学活性的h NGF蛋白。为了选择性别和日龄最适宜的转hNGF基因小鼠用于收集纯化hNGF蛋白,文中比较了28日龄(性成熟前)雄性、雌性,63日龄(性成熟后)雄性、雌性转hNGF基因小鼠,共4组转hNGF基因小鼠分泌的唾液量、唾液总蛋白量、唾液鼠源NGF (mNGF)蛋白量和唾液h NGF蛋白量等指标。结果显示,63日龄的转hNGF基因小鼠分泌的唾液量、唾液总蛋白量、唾液mNGF蛋白量和唾液hNGF蛋白量显著高于28日龄同一性别的转hNGF基因小鼠,且63日龄的雄性转hNGF基因小鼠分泌的唾液hNGF蛋白量显著高于同一日龄的雌性转hNGF基因小鼠;在4组小鼠中,63日龄的雄性转hNGF基因小鼠分泌的唾液hNGF含量最高,比28日龄雌性转hNGF基因小鼠高出约46倍,最适宜用于收集唾液并从中纯化hNGF。     

中国淡水硅藻新记录——偏肿内丝藻兴凯变种

于2016年5月对浙江省仙居国家公园进行藻类多样性调查时,发现了中国淡水硅藻的1个新记录种——偏肿内丝藻兴凯变种[Encyonema ventricosum var.hankensis(Skvortzov) RodionovaPomazkina]。该文采用光镜和扫描电镜对偏肿内丝藻兴凯变种浙江种群的形态特征进行了观察和描述,并将其与该种的其他地理种群及内丝藻属其他相似物种的形态特征进行比较,同时讨论了该物种的生境特征。结果表明:(1)偏肿内丝藻兴凯变种壳面均具明显背腹之分,背缘明显拱起,腹缘轻微波曲;端部呈头状至喙状。(2)偏肿内丝藻兴凯变种浙江地理种群在背部中央区域具一孤点,而其兴凯种群对孤点这一特征未有描述。(3)偏肿内丝藻兴凯变种在俄罗斯的兴凯湖和贝加尔湖等地有分布,该种在中国是首次报道。     

Determination of trace elements in tissue of human uterine cancer by instrumental neutron activation analysis

In this article, the low-temperature freeze-drying pretreated technique and instrumental neutron activation analysis were used to determine 29 trace elements in samples of human uterine cancer tissue. The content of these trace elements in uterine cancer tissue was compared with that in cervicitis tissue and in healthy tissue, respectively. Preliminary results indicated that significant differences in contents of Au, I, and Se were observed in these tissues.     

Pig transgenesis by piggyBac transposition in combination with somatic cell nuclear transfer

The production of animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is inefficient, with approximately 2 % of micromanipulated oocytes going to term and resulting in live births. However, it is the most commonly used method for the generation of cloned transgenic livestock as it facilitates the attainment of transgenic animals once the nuclear donor cells are stably transfected and more importantly as alternatives methods of transgenesis in farm animals have proven even less efficient. Here we describe piggyBac-mediated transposition of a transgene into porcine primary cells and use of these genetically modified cells as nuclear donors for the generation of transgenic pigs by SCNT. Gene transfer by piggyBac transposition serves to provide an alternative approach for the transfection of nuclear donor cells used in SCNT.