Analysis of variable sites between two complete South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) mitochondrial genomes

In order to investigate the mitochondrial genome of Panthera tigris amoyensis, two South China tigers (P25 and P27) were analyzed following 15 cymt-specific primer sets. The entire mtDNA sequence was found to be 16,957 bp and 17,001 bp long for P25 and P27 respectively, and this difference in length between P25 and P27 occurred in the number of tandem repeats in the RS-3 segment of the control region. The structural characteristics of complete P. t. amoyensis mitochondrial genomes were also highly similar to those of P. uncia. Additionally, the rate of point mutation was only 0.3% and a total of 59 variable sites between P25 and P27 were found. Out of the 59 variable sites, 6 were located in 6 different tRNA genes, 6 in the 2 rRNA genes, 7 in non-coding regions (one located between tRNA-Asn and tRNA-Tyr and six in the D-loop), and 40 in 10 protein-coding genes. COI held the largest amount of variable sites (9 sites) and Cytb contained the highest variable rate (0.7%) in the complete sequences. Moreover, out of the 40 variable sites located in 10 protein-coding genes, 12 sites were nonsynonymous.     

Prediction of potential drivers connecting different dysfunctional levels in lung adenocarcinoma via a protein–protein interaction network

Lung cancer is a serious disease that threatens an affected individual's life. Its pathogenesis has not yet to be fully described, thereby impeding the development of effective treatments and preventive measures. “Cancer driver” theory considers that tumor initiation can be associated with a number of specific mutations in genes called cancer driver genes. Four omics levels, namely, (1) methylation, (2) microRNA, (3) mutation, and (4) mRNA levels, are utilized to cluster cancer driver genes. In this study, the known dysfunctional genes of these four levels were used to identify novel driver genes of lung adenocarcinoma, a subtype of lung cancer. These genes could contribute to the initiation and progression of lung adenocarcinoma in at least two levels. First, random walk with restart algorithm was performed on a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network constructed with PPI information in STRING by using known dysfunctional genes as seed nodes for each level, thereby yielding four groups of possible genes. Second, these genes were further evaluated in a test strategy to exclude false positives and select the most important ones. Finally, after conducting an intersection operation in any two groups of genes, we obtained several inferred driver genes that contributed to the initiation of lung adenocarcinoma in at least two omics levels. Several genes from these groups could be confirmed according to recently published studies. The inferred genes reported in this study were also different from those described in a previous study, suggesting that they can be used as essential supplementary data for investigations on the initiation of lung adenocarcinoma. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Accelerating Precision Medicine through Genetic and Genomic Big Data Analysis edited by Yudong Cai & Tao Huang.     

5种光合细菌种间原生质体融合及优良农用融合子的筛选鉴定

处于对数生长期的光合细菌球形红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonassphaeroides)、沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonaspalustris)、嗜酸红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomdnasacidophila)、深红红螺菌(Rhodospirarubrum)、万尼氏红微菌(Rhodomocrobiumvannielii),经溶菌酶(3mg/L)处理50min后,获得了它们的菌体形成的原生质体,其再生率分别为80%、71%、82%、61%、74%.取等量的亲本菌株在35%的PEG(MW6000)诱导下两两融合5min,共10种组合.其融合率为球×沼2.5×10-4、球×嗜2.1×10-4、球×深2.0×10-4、球×万2.1×10-4、沼×嗜2.8×10-4、沼×深2.4×10-4、沼×万2.6×10-4、嗜×深2.0×10-4、嗜×万2.3×10-4、深×万2.4×10-4.经影印法鉴定:形成的融合子可以分别生长于以相应的有机物为唯一碳源的培养基上,所有融合子体积均相当于两亲本株体积之和,融合子菌落形态特征介于两亲本株之间.从中随机挑选100个融合子,以辣椒苗作为靶标植物,从上述融合子中筛选到了1株具有显著促进作物生长、提高抗病性的融合子.     

Immobilization of cellulases on the reversibly soluble polymer Eudragit S‐100 for cotton treatment

Cellulases can penetrate into the fiber, causing tensile strength loss of the cellulosic fibers or fabrics. To minimize the tensile strength loss, we have immobilized cellulases on Eudragit S‐100. The characteristics of covalent Eudragit cellulase were evaluated using gel filtration analysis and UV spectra. Gel filtration analysis revealed that the cellulases were covalently bound to the polymer. Covalent Eudragit cellulase was loaded with the enzyme of about 40% and had a relative activity about 80% at a Eudragit S‐100 concentration of 15 g/L. When cellulase is bound to the polymer, the solubility profile becomes similar to the one of Eudragit. In addition, the effects of the enzyme on the cotton yarns and fabric using cellulases have been investigated. Native and immobilized cellulases caused improvements in whiteness and wrinkle recovery angle of the fabric in comparison to the control samples. The bending stiffness results show that native and immobilized cellulase treated cotton fabric has an improved softness than the control samples. It was found that using the immobilized cellulase reduced the weight and tensile strength, because the hydrolytic attack is only limited to the surfaces of cotton fibers.     

基于生态效率理论和TOPSIS法的工业园区循环经济发展评价

工业园区层面的生态效率评价是生态效率研究领域有待深入探索的课题。TOPSIS方法则可能是适用于生态效率评价的一种方法,它以空间统计学为基础,借助于多目标决策问题的理想解和负理想解来进行排序,能够客观地比较和评价不同样本点综合指标的优劣。本文根据生态效率和循环经济理论,结合《综合类生态工业园区标准（试行）》,建立工业园区循环经济评价指标体系,运用TOPSIS方法对苏州高新区、苏州工业园区生态工业园和无锡新区生态工业示范园区的生态效率进行综合评价,结果表明：三者的生态效率综合排名由高到低依次为：无锡新区生态工业示范园区> 苏州工业园区生态工业园> 苏州高新区,且3园区在经济发展、资源能源利用率、物质循环利用、环境污染控制等子系统有所优劣。并针对各园区的各自存在的不足提出了相应的改进和发展建议。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对牙周膜细胞内核心蛋白多糖基因表达的影响

利用外源性碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor,bFGF)刺激体外培养的人正常牙周膜细胞.采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测细胞内decorin的基因表达的变化,研究bFGF对体外培养的人牙周膜细胞内核心蛋白多糖(decorin)的作用,进一步探讨bFGF抑制Ⅰ型胶原的作用机制.发现bFGF刺激牙周膜细胞后能促进牙周膜细胞的增殖,bFGF抑制decorin的合成是bFGF促进牙周膜细胞增殖的重要调节因素之一.     

雷公藤红素抑制Cd2+诱导的神经毒性北大核心CSCD

镉(cadmium,Cd)是环境中常见的一种重金属,Cd^(2+)可以通过穿透血脑屏障,产生神经毒性,从而诱发各种神经退行性疾病,雷公藤红素是雷公藤的一种有效成分,具有抗癌、抗炎等一系列药理作用,本文探究雷公藤红素对Cd^(2+)诱导的相应神经毒性的影响作用。通过细胞增殖实验、细胞膜完整性实验、细胞形态实验探索了Cd^(2+)对小胶质细胞HMC3活力的影响;通过一氧化氮(NO)检测实验、脂质过氧化(malondialdehyde,MDA)检测实验、蛋白免疫印迹实验分析了Cd^(2+)的神经毒性以及雷公藤红素对Cd^(2+)诱导的相应神经毒性的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,当Cd^(2+)浓度达到40μmol/L时,对HMC3细胞增殖抑制率为(57.17±8.23)%(P<0.01,n=5),继续增大Cd^(2+)浓度,细胞活性将进一步降低;当Cd^(2+)浓度达到40μmol/L以上时,HMC3的细胞膜明显受到破坏,并且破坏作用与浓度呈剂量依赖性关系;随着Cd^(2+)浓度的增加,细胞形态开始变化,贴壁效果变差。Cd^(2+)使HMC3细胞释放的NO量显著增加,而雷公藤红素能够有效地抑制Cd^(2+)诱导的HMC3细胞NO的释放;Cd^(2+)使HMC3细胞脂质过氧化水平显著增加,加入10^(-7) mol/L雷公藤红素后,MDA的释放量显著减少;Cd^(2+)会使p-PI3K蛋白含量增加,而加入了雷公藤红素(10^(-7)、10^(-6) mol/L)后,p-PI3K蛋白和p-AKT蛋白的激活均被抑制,从而抑制了细胞凋亡。综上所述,雷公藤红素能够抑制Cd^(2+)诱导的小胶质细胞毒性,从而起到神经保护作用。     

菌株DN2对烟草薄片制备液中烟碱的降解

使用O.intermedium DN2降解烟草薄片制备液中的烟碱。研究了各种工艺参数对烟碱降解的影响,单因素考察结果表明烟草薄片制备液中烟碱降解的最适条件是:添加0.1%的酵母膏,使用氨水将pH调节到7.0,接种15%种子液,培养温度30oC。在上述条件下,采用30L发酵罐对烟草薄片制备液进行3个批次的半连续发酵,烟碱的平均降解速率为140.55mg/L/h,高于其他烟碱降解菌株。该结果表明菌株DN2可以用来降低烟草薄片中的烟碱含量。