成人降主动脉置换术中三种体外循环灌注技术的应用

目的总结分析成人降主动脉置换术中各种体外循环灌注的技术特点和管理方法。方法 2006年1月至2009年12月,共有60例患者行降主动脉置换手术。按体外循环灌注技术类型分为3组：左心转流组4例,股动静脉转流组37例,上下半身分别灌注组19例。三组预充均采用勃脉力A和胶体,常规加入白蛋白和激素,监测混合静脉氧饱和度和血细胞压积,积极应用超滤技术和自体血液回收技术。结果术中转流平稳,血流动力学稳定,监测指标均在正常范围,仅出现9例并发症（截瘫、偏瘫、谵妄、苏醒延迟、低氧血症）。结论成人降主动脉置换术中根据不同的手术方式,正确选择和熟练应用相应的灌注技术是决定手术成功的重要因素。     

柿ξ-胡萝卜素脱氢酶基因的克隆与序列分析

通过对柿ζ-胡萝卜素脱氢酶(-ζCarotene desaturase,ZDS)基因的克隆及序列分析,旨在为改良柿果实品质奠定基础。根据GenBank中其他植物ZDS基因的保守序列设计了两条PCR扩增引物,以柿果实中所提取的RNA为模板,采用RACE技术扩增出一条约为500bp的条带。经过序列分析,其长578bp,不含内含子,具有部分开放阅读框(177bp)、终止密码子(TGA)和poly(A)尾巴(11bp),共编码58个氨基酸。该序列及其所编码的氨基酸与其他植物ζ-胡萝卜素脱氢酶基因均具有较高的同源性。该基因已提交GenBank数据库,登录号为GU075728。     

大熊猫的生境选择特征

基于王朗国家级自然保护区1997—2009年的连续监测数据,利用分布频率法和Bai-ley法,从地形因子、森林群落结构和主食竹3个方面研究了大熊猫的生境选择特征.结果表明:王朗国家级自然保护区的大熊猫对生境具有明显的选择性.在地形上,多选择海拔在2500～3000 m的山体脊部、上部和中部的均匀坡和凸坡,坡向西南,坡度在6°～30°,与水源距离>300 m的环境;森林群落结构上,多选择起源为次生林、针阔混交林,微生境为竹林的生境,乔木平均高度在20～29 m,灌木盖度在0～24%;主食竹多选择平均高度在2～5 m,竹丛盖度>50%,混生,生长状况良好的缺苞箭竹.     

Chemiluminescence of the peroxomonosulphate-cobalt(II)-aliphatic monocarboxylic acids system.

A weak chemiluminescence (CL) emission was observed due to the production of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) during the decomposition of peroxomonosulphate (HSO(5)(-)) catalysed by cobalt(II). Low molecular mass aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, such as formic, acetic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids, influenced the CL emission, and the reaction of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with HSO(5)(-)/Co(2+) solution was further investigated using a flow injection analysis (FIA) CL method. The results indicated that the CL intensities of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids were improved with increase in the carbon chain length in the potassium peroxomonosulphate-cobalt(II) sulphate system. Generation of singlet oxygen was confirmed by the fact that the CL emission of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with the HSO(5)(-)/Co(2+) solution was quenched by NaN(3), and from the CL spectrum of the reaction system. Additionally, a possible mechanism of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids CL emission enhancement was proposed.     

The Slx5-Slx8 complex affects sumoylation of DNA repair proteins and negatively regulates recombination

Recombination is important for repairing DNA lesions, yet it can also lead to genomic rearrangements. This process must be regulated, and recently, sumoylation-mediated mechanisms were found to inhibit Rad51-dependent recombination. Here, we report that the absence of the Slx5-Slx8 complex, a newly identified player in the SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) pathway, led to increased Rad51-dependent and Rad51-independent recombination. The increases were most striking during S phase, suggesting an accumulation of DNA lesions during replication. Consistent with this view, Slx8 protein localized to replication centers. In addition, like SUMO E2 mutants, slx8Delta mutants exhibited clonal lethality, which was due to the overamplification of 2 microm, an extrachromosomal plasmid. Interestingly, in both SUMO E2 and slx8Delta mutants, clonal lethality was rescued by deleting genes required for Rad51-independent recombination but not those involved in Rad51-dependent events. These results suggest that sumoylation negatively regulates Rad51-independent recombination, and indeed, the Slx5-Slx8 complex affected the sumoylation of several enzymes involved in early steps of Rad51-independent recombination. We propose that, during replication, the Slx5-Slx8 complex helps prevent DNA lesions that are acted upon by recombination. In addition, the complex inhibits Rad51-independent recombination via modulating the sumoylation of DNA repair proteins.     

A novel butyrolactone derivative inhibited apoptosis and depressed integrin beta4 expression in vascular endothelial cells

To understand the effects of a novel butyrolactone derivative, 3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3BDO), on the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells (VECs), we exposed 3BDO (20-60 microg/ml) to VECs deprived of serum and FGF-2 for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The results showed that 3BDO (20-60 microg/ml) increased VEC viability and inhibited VEC apoptosis induced by deprivation of serum and FGF-2 in a very weak dose-dependent manner. During this process, integrin beta4 expression was depressed, but the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was not changed. The data suggested that 3BDO (20-60 microg/ml) could inhibit VEC apoptosis and suppress integrin beta4 expression, but it could not depress the ROS level induced by deprivation of serum and FGF-2.     

The design and synthesis of purine inhibitors of CDK2. III

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) belong to a class of enzymes that control the ability of a cell to enter into and proceed through the cell division cycle. Using purine as a scaffold, we have synthesized a number of nanomolar inhibitors of CDK-2/cyclin E. In this report, the synthesis of a series of piperidine-substituted purine analogs will be presented, as well as some of their in vitro and in vivo biological effects.     

Production of Transgenic Rice Homozygous Lines with Enhanced Resistance to the Rice Brown Planthopper

Mature seed‐derived callus from an elite Chinese japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Eyi 105 was cotransformed with two plasmids, pWRG1515 and pRSSGNA1,containing the selectable marker hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpt), the reporter β‐glucuronidase gene (gusA) and the snow‐drop (Galanthus nivalis) lectin gene (gna) via particle bombardment. After two rounds of selection on hygromycin‐containing medium, resistant callus was transferred to hygromycin‐containing regeneration medium for plant regeneration. Twenty‐six independent transgenic rice plants were regenerated from 152 bombarded calli with a transformation frequency of 17%. Seventy‐three percent of transgenic plants contained all three genes, which was revealed by PCR/Southern blot analysis. Thirteen out of 19 transgenic plants containing the gna gene expressed GNA (68%) at various levels with the highest expression being approximately 0.5% of total soluble protein. Genetic analysis confirmed Mendelian segregation of transgenes in progeny. From R2 generations with their R1 parentplants showing 3:1 Mendelian segregation patterns, we identified three independent homozygous lines containing and expressing all three transgenes.Insect bioassay and feeding tests showed that these homozygous lines had significant inhibition to the rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, BPH) by decreasing BPH survival and overall fecundity, retarding BPH development and reducing BPH feeding.This is the first report that homozygous transgenic rice lines expressing GNA, developed by genetic transformation and through genetic analysis‐based selection, conferred enhanced resistance to BPH, one of the most damaging insect pests in rice.     

Self-assembling protein arrays using electronic semiconductor microchips and in vitro translation

Protein arrays will greatly accelerate research and development in medical and biological sciences. We have used cell-free protein biosynthesis and a parallel immobilization strategy for producing protein biochips. We demonstrate a model two-protein microarray using luciferase and green fluorescent protein, both expressed in a cell-free system and specifically immobilized on CombiMatrix semiconductor oligonucleotide microarrays. This demonstration provides evidence for the appropriate folding, activity, robust presentation, and efficient flexible detection of proteins on the microscale.