中国直背蝗属一新种（直翅目：蝗科）

本文记述采自吉林省长白山蝗虫一新种,黄股直背蝗,新种Ｅｕｔｈｙｓｔｉｒａｌｕｔｅｉｆｅｍｏｒａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。该新种近似短翅直背蝗Ｅｕｔｈｙｓｔｉｒａｂｒａｃｈｙｐｔｅｒａ（Ｏｃｓｋ．）。     

Endogenous gibberellins in clover broomrape,a parasitic plant,and its host,clover: Dependency of the parasite on the host for gibberellin production

Endogenous gibberellins were analyzed from a parasitic plant, clover broomrape (Orobanche minor Smith), and its host, clover (Trifolium repens L.). Members of both the early-13- and the early-non-hydroxylation pathways were identified from both the parasite and the host (GA₁₂, GA₂₄, GA₉ GA₄, GA₄₄, GA₁₉, GA₂₀, and GA₁ from clover broomrape; GA₉, GA₄, GA₄₄, GA₁₉, GA₂₀, and GA₁ from clover). Quantitative analyses showed that GA₄₄ was present at high levels in both host and parasite. The similarity in the gibberellins suggests the possibility that the major gibberellins in clover broomrape are transported from clover. However gibberellins such as GA₅₈, GA₃₈, and notably GA₄₇ which was identified from a plant for the first time were detected only from clover broomrape, suggesting that the parasite may have the ability to produce at least those gibberellins     

A comparative analysis of genetic polymorphism in wild and cultivated barley from Tibet using isozyme and ribosomal DNA markers.

This study was conducted to address some of the issues concerning the possible significance of Tibet in the origin and evolution of cultivated barley. A total of 1757 barley accessions from Tibet, including 1496 entries of Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare (HV), 229 entries of the six-rowed wild barley H. vulgare ssp. agriocrithon (HA), and 32 entries of the two-rowed wild barley H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum (HS), were assayed for allozymes at four esterase loci. A subsample of 491 accessions was surveyed for spacer-length polymorphism at two ribosomal DNA loci. Genetic variation is extensive in these barley groups, and the amount of genetic diversity in cultivated barley of this region is comparable with that of cultivated barley worldwide. The level of genetic variation of HA is significantly lower than the other two barley groups, and there is also substantial heterogeneity in the level of polymorphism among different agrigeographical subregions. However, little genetic differentiation was detected among the three barley groups (HV, HA, and HS), as well as among different agrigeographical subregions. Comparison of the results from this and previous studies indicated a strong differentiation between Oriental and Occidental barley, thus favoring the hypothesis of a diphyletic origin of cultivated barley.     

几种CAM植物PEP羧化酶同工酶的比较研究

比较研究几种兼性和专一性ＣＡＭ植物材料的ＰＥＰＣ同工酶表明：经自然干旱诱导,兼性ＣＡＭ植物露花（Ｍｅｓｅｍｂｒｙａｎｔｈｅｍｕｍｃｏｒｄｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ）、长药景天（Ｓｕｄｕｍｓｐｅｃｔａｂｉｌｅ）有新的ＰＥＰＣ同工酶的出现,诱导前后各同工酶的天然分子量变化不大;而土三七（Ｓｅｄｕｍａｉｚｏｏｎ）则没有新的ＰＥＰＣ同工酶出现,但诱导后其同工酶的天然分子量有所增大。以上几种兼性ＣＡＭ植物的ＰＥＰＣ同工酶酶谱无明显昼夜变化。专一性ＣＡＭ植物的ＰＥＰＣ酶谱和天然分子量均较一致,亦无昼夜差异。     

铅锌矿尾矿场植被重建的生态学研究Ⅰ.尾矿对种子萌发的影响

在实验条件下,供试的林木、农作物及牧草种子均能在铅锌矿尾矿中萌发,其中萌发率与非污染土壤中的相近,多数种子的萌发速率低于对照组。供试植物幼苗出土30天内没有死苗现象,但与对照相比,株高下降28.4%,复叶数减少34.1%,生物量下降52.6%.     

大鼠尾核痛反应神经元放电和甩尾反射关系的研究

用浅麻醉的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠４０只,以辐射热照尾作为伤害性刺激,经玻璃微电极引导尾核痛兴奋神经元（ＰＥＮ）和痛抑制神经元（ＰＩＮ）的放电,同时测量甩尾反射潜伏期（ＴＦＬ）作为甩尾痛阈的指标。结果表明：（１）自然状态下辐射热照尾引起尾核中ＰＥＮ放电频率增加和ＰＩＮ放电频率减少与甩尾反射（ＴＦ）相伴行。放电变化发生在ＴＦ之前,结束在ＴＦ之后,ＰＥＮ和ＰＩＮ放电变化与ＴＦＬ呈高度正相关。（２）辐射热照尾同时引起一侧尾核ＰＥＮ放电频率增加和另一侧ＰＩＮ放电频率减少,二者协同活动,并发生在ＴＦ之前,结束在ＴＦ之后。（３）侧脑室注射５５μｇ／１０μｌ吗啡呈镇痛作用时,尾核ＰＥＮ放电频率减少和ＰＩＮ放电频率增加,放电变化仍发生在ＴＦ之前,结束在ＴＦ之后。结果提示,尾核中ＰＥＮ、ＰＩＮ放电和ＴＦ是中枢不同水平同时对痛觉调制所产生的结果。     

日本落叶松引种区林地棕壤肥力的多变量分析

本研究从日本落叶松引种区林地棕壤9个主要理化性状及与之配套的17株优势木材料入手,采用多变量分析方法筛选出影响该地区日本落叶松生长的主要肥力因子为氮及磷,並据此将该林地棕壤划分为9个肥力类型。在进行聚类分析时,本研究的创新在于以任意二样本点在各主成份上的坐标值为变量,以各主成份的贡献率为权重,重新定义欧氏距离公式,对主成份坐标值聚类,使其更为合理、直观。同时采用回归分析拟合出理化性状间的多个回归方程。此研究为该林地科学施肥、速生丰产、永续利用提供了可靠的数量依据。     

山楂叶螨种群空间格局及其应用的研究Ⅱ．成螨种群密度综合估计及其抽样技术

本文结合Ｉｗａｏ零频率法和Ｇｅｒｒａｒｄ阈限密度法,提出一种改进的种群密度估计方法──“综合阈限密度估计法”,并由此探讨了苹果树上山楂叶螨成螨的密度估计及其抽样技术．采用零样频率来估计成螨的平均密度,并得到用概率保证的理论抽样数模型．比较结果表明,零频率法所需的理论抽样数少于直接计数法．综合阈限密度估计法的拟合效果更为显著．