芦荟胡萝卜汁复合饮料的研制

以芦荟和胡萝卜为原料,通过正交实验确定了复合饮料的最佳配方,研制出一种口味独特又具有保健功能的复合饮料.     

模拟酸雨胁迫对茶树幼苗生长和光合生理的影响

茶是世界三大饮料之一,并且茶树在中国被广泛种植。酸雨是中国乃至全球面临的主要环境问题,本研究选用一年生茶树幼苗作为实验材料,品种为湘妃翠,采用盆栽的方法培养,通过模拟pH值2.5、pH值3.5、pH值4.5酸雨以及自来水(pH值6.5)作为对照对茶树进行全喷淋,探究模拟酸雨对茶树幼苗生长状况和光合生理的影响。结果表明pH值4.5模拟酸雨对茶树幼苗生长有一定促进作用,pH值2.5模拟酸雨对茶树幼苗生长具有抑制作用。茶树幼苗SPAD值(叶绿素相对含量)、以及叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm(PSⅡ最大光能转换率)、Fv/Fo(PSⅡ潜在活性)在pH值2.5酸雨胁迫下与对照组相比都显著降低,Fo(初始荧光产量)则显著增大。由此说明pH值2.5模拟酸雨对茶树幼苗具有较强的胁迫作用,pH值4.5模拟酸雨对茶树幼苗生长有促进作用。     

Development and Evaluation of a Universal and Supersensitive NS1-Based Luciferase Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Zika Virus-Specific IgG

Zika virus(ZIKV) causes rash, moderate fever, conjunctivitis, and arthralgia, and has serious connection with neurological complications; therefore, it is a major threat to public health. A rapid and supersensitive method for detecting anti-ZIKV antibodies in humans and animals is thus urgently required. Here, we report an NS1-based luciferase immunosorbent assay(LISA), developed to detect ZIKV-specific IgG. Fusion proteins including a reporter Nano-luciferase(NLuc) and various fragments of ZIKV NS1 protein were expressed in 293 T cells. LISA was performed using the above cell lysates containing the expressed fusion proteins. Sample panels of humans and animals infected with ZIKV were examined for sensitivity of LISA, relative to those of ZIKV RT-PCR, commercial NS1-based ELISA, and micro-neutralization(MN) assays.Specificity and potential cross-reactivity were also evaluated using various convalescent serum samples derived from patients infected with dengue virus(DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV), and hepatitis C virus(HCV). Results indicated the optimal antigenic domain for anti-ZIKV IgG detection was located within 172–352 amino acids(aa) of ZIKV NS1 protein. NS1-based LISA performs better than commercial ELISA in anti-ZIKV Ig G detection. LISA was shown to be at least fourfold more sensitive than commercial ELISA, and could detect anti-ZIKV Ig G in various animal hosts without the need of species-specific labeled antibody. This novel assay is potentially useful for the rapid and sensitive detection of anti-ZIKV IgG in human and animal samples.     

应用荧光抗体染色技术对感染鲢鱼组织中病原菌的观察

河弧菌III生物型(Vibrio fluvialis biovar III)是近年来流行于国内广大养殖地区的一种严重的淡水鱼类细菌出血性败血病的病原川,然而对该病的病理学、被感染鱼组织中细菌的定位和侵袭情况至今尚无正式报道.       

电刺激大马蹄蝠听皮层对下丘神经元听觉敏感性的影响

实验在１２只大马蹄蝠上进行。用常规电生理学方法研究了电刺激听皮层对下丘２１２个神经元的听反应的影响,结果表明,有３２个神经元的听反应被抑制,１９个神经元的听反应褐易化。     

A revolutionary tool: CRISPR technology plays an important role in construction of intelligentized gene circuits

With the development of synthetic biology, synthetic gene circuits have shown great applied potential in medicine, biology, and as commodity chemicals. An ultimate challenge in the construction of gene circuits is the lack of effective, programmable, secure and sequence‐specific gene editing tools. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system, a CRISPR‐associated RNA‐guided endonuclease Cas9 (CRISPR‐associated protein 9)‐targeted genome editing tool, has recently been applied in engineering gene circuits for its unique properties‐operability, high efficiency and programmability. The traditional single‐targeted therapy cannot effectively distinguish tumour cells from normal cells, and gene therapy for single targets has poor anti‐tumour effects, which severely limits the application of gene therapy. Currently, the design of gene circuits using tumour‐specific targets based on CRISPR/Cas systems provides a new way for precision cancer therapy. Hence, the application of intelligentized gene circuits based on CRISPR technology effectively guarantees the safety, efficiency and specificity of cancer therapy. Here, we assessed the use of synthetic gene circuits and if the CRISPR system could be used, especially artificial switch‐inducible Cas9, to more effectively target and treat tumour cells. Moreover, we also discussed recent advances, prospectives and underlying challenges in CRISPR‐based gene circuit development.     

竹叶黄酮缓解异氟醚引起的老年大鼠认知功能障碍

研究竹叶黄酮对异氟醚吸入诱发老年大鼠神经细胞凋亡及认知功能障碍的影响.分离培养原代海马神经细胞,暴露于体积分数为2%异氟醚6 h后,分别给予50、80及100 mg/L竹叶黄酮处理,MTT法检测细胞增殖能力,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况.大鼠经吸入1.4%体积的异氟醚2 h后,分别于1~5 d连续腹腔注射25、50、100 mg/kg竹叶黄酮,于第6天进行水迷宫实验检测大鼠空间学习记忆能力,ELISA法检测海马组织匀浆中的Aβ1-42、TNF-α、INF-γ含量.结果发现,竹叶黄酮可显著促进海马神经细胞的增殖,并且抑制异氟醚所致的海马神经细胞凋亡.与异氟醚单独处理组相比较,各浓度竹叶黄酮可显著降低大鼠逃避潜伏期并增加大鼠过台次数,ELISA结果显示竹叶黄酮可显著抑制海马组织中Aβ1-42、TNF-α及INF-γ的表达.表明竹叶黄酮可增强大鼠抗炎能力,抑制海马组织中Aβ1-42的产生,从而抑制异氟醚所致的老年大鼠神经损伤及认知功能障碍.     

Genome sequence of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) provides insights into grass evolution and biofuel potential

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), a member of the Poaceae grass family, is an important food and fodder crop in arid regions and has potential for use as a C(4) biofuel. It is a model system for other biofuel grasses, including switchgrass and pearl millet. We produced a draft genome (～423 Mb) anchored onto nine chromosomes and annotated 38,801 genes. Key chromosome reshuffling events were detected through collinearity identification between foxtail millet, rice and sorghum including two reshuffling events fusing rice chromosomes 7 and 9, 3 and 10 to foxtail millet chromosomes 2 and 9, respectively, that occurred after the divergence of foxtail millet and rice, and a single reshuffling event fusing rice chromosome 5 and 12 to foxtail millet chromosome 3 that occurred after the divergence of millet and sorghum. Rearrangements in the C(4) photosynthesis pathway were also identified.     

凤眼莲根区异养细菌的群落特征与异养活性的研究

本文研究了凤眼莲根区(根际与根面)异养细菌的群落特征与异养活性。从根区分离出24株优势菌,经鉴定有10个属。其中以气单胞菌属、微球菌属、假单胞菌属、土壤杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属为主要菌属。细菌总数:根际>根面>水体。异养活性以氧化葡萄糖的速率计算。在30℃和pH7.0的条件下。根区菌群都显示较高的活性,且按下列顺序增强:老根区菌群>幼根区菌群>枯根区菌群;而根面菌群活性均大于根际菌群。但在10℃和pH5.0、8.6时,其活性明显地受到抑制。     

浙江北雁荡山野生蕨类植物资源

对浙江北雁荡山的蕨类植物进行专题研究。浙江乐清北雁荡山共有蕨类植物147种,隶属于37科70属。蕨类植物物种密度为42.13/100 km2。比西双版纳的密度1.71/100 km2要高。远大于全国蕨类植物密度0.027/1 000 km2,是我国东南沿海蕨类植物物种密度较高的地区之一。按照用途分为药用、食用、观赏和其他用途4大类型。并记录本地常用蕨类的俗名,统计草药市场药用蕨类资源销售量,为进一步开发利用蕨类植物资源提出建议。