油藏注入水靶向脱硫潜力的高温脱硫菌群富集驯化

【背景】海上油田见聚后产出水硫化物超标,影响到注聚水的配聚黏度,采用生物脱硫时,由于常规除硫菌难以适应除油后产出液的高温,使得脱硫效果不佳。【目的】分析海上采出液水处理过程的菌群结构,明确生物处理各节点的菌群构成变化;开展耐高温脱硫菌驯化筛选,获得耐高温的高效脱硫菌。【方法】采集来自胜利油田海三站的水样,以16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术分析样本菌群结构,并分别在不同温度(55、60和65℃)下的无机富集培养基中进行多轮转接驯化,结合常压室温等离子体(atmospheric and room temperature plasma, ARTP)诱变技术筛选获得耐高温的脱硫菌群,采用宏基因组测序技术分析富集菌群的组成,并测定其脱硫能力。【结果】处理前的采出液水样含有较多的嗜热菌和硫酸盐还原菌,如Thermodesulfovibrio、Pseudothermotoga、Thermolithobacter、Fervidobacterium、Thermovenabulales和Pseudomonas;以厌氧气浮除油工艺处理的出水中,嗜氢菌属(Hydrogenophilus)成为最主要的优势菌,...     

Targeting cancer stemness mediated by BMI1 and MCL1 for non‐small cell lung cancer treatment

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐associated death, with a global 5‐year survival rate <20%. Early metastasis and recurrence remain major challenges for lung cancer treatment. The stemness property of cancer cells has been suggested to play a key role in cancer plasticity, metastasis and drug‐resistance, and is a potential target for drug development. In this study, we found that in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), BMI1 and MCL1 play crucial roles of cancer stemness including invasion, chemo‐resistance and tumour initiation. JNK signalling serves as a link between oncogenic pathway or genotoxicity to cancer stemness. The activation of JNK, either by mutant EGFR or chemotherapy agent, stabilized BMI1 and MCL1 proteins through suppressing the expression of E3‐ubiquitin ligase HUWE1. In lung cancer patient samples, high level of BMI1 is correlated with poor survival, and the expression of BMI1 is positively correlated with MCL1. A novel small‐molecule, BI‐44, was developed, which effectively suppressed BMI1/MCL1 expressions and inhibited tumour formation and progression in preclinical models. Targeting cancer stemness mediated by BMI1/MCL1 with BI‐44 provides the basis for a new therapeutic approach in NSCLC treatment.     

Chronic sequelae complicate convalescence from both dengue and acute viral respiratory illness

Long Covid has raised awareness of the potentially disabling chronic sequelae that afflicts patients after acute viral infection. Similar syndromes of post-infectious sequelae have also been observed after other viral infections such as dengue, but their true prevalence and functional impact remain poorly defined. We prospectively enrolled 209 patients with acute dengue (n = 48; one with severe dengue) and other acute viral respiratory infections (ARI) (n = 161), and followed them up for chronic sequelae up to one year post-enrolment, prior to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. Baseline demographics and co-morbidities were balanced between both groups except for gender, with more males in the dengue cohort (63% vs 29%, p<0.001). Except for the first visit, data on symptoms were collected remotely using a purpose-built mobile phone application. Mental health outcomes were evaluated using the validated SF-12v2 Health Survey. Almost all patients (95.8% of dengue and 94.4% of ARI patients) experienced at least one symptom of fatigue, somnolence, headache, concentration impairment or memory impairment within the first week of enrolment. Amongst patients with at least 3-months of follow-up, 18.0% in the dengue cohort and 14.6% in the ARI cohort experienced persistent symptoms. The median month-3 SF-12v2 Mental Component Summary Score was lower in patients who remained symptomatic at 3 months and beyond, compared to those whose symptoms fully resolved (47.7 vs. 56.0, p<0.001), indicating that patients who self-reported persistence of symptoms also experienced functionally worse mental health. No statistically significant difference in age, gender distribution or hospitalisation status was observed between those with and without chronic sequelae. Our findings reveal an under-appreciated burden of post-infection chronic sequelae in dengue and ARI patients. They call for studies to define the pathophysiology of this condition, and determine the efficacy of both vaccines as well as antiviral drugs in preventing such sequelae.     

Room-Temperature Molten Salt-Mediated CsPbI3 Growth for Excellent Photovoltaic Performance

Defects within perovskite have been known to act as the nonradiative recombination centers, negatively impacting the carrier transport, which degrades the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Therefore, preparing a high-quality perovskite film is of vital significance. To this end, a room-temperature molten salt, dimethylamine formate (DMAFa), is introduced into perovskite precursor solution to regulate the crystallization process of CsPbI₃ films. DMAFa can coordinate with Pb²⁺ as HCOO⁻-Pb²⁺ in the early stages, then HCOO⁻-Pb²⁺ is gradually displaced by I⁻-Pb²⁺ due to its decomposition during the subsequent annealing, thus delaying the crystallization rate, meanwhile, the DMA⁺ can interact with the uncoordinated Pb²⁺ to passivate defects of perovskite films, thereby, forming a high-quality CsPbI₃ film with large grain size and low-defect density. As a result of this strategy, the power conversion efficiency is increased to 20.40%, and the open-circuit voltage is up to 1.21 V. These findings indicate that the introduction of DMAFa offers a fundamental way to achieve high-performance CsPbI₃ PSCs.     

Addition of FFRct in the diagnostic pathway of patients with stable chest pain to reduce unnecessary invasive coronary angiography (FUSION): Rationale and design for the multicentre,randomised, controlled FUSION trial

BackgroundCoronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is widely used in the diagnostic work-up of patients with stable chest pain. CCTA has an excellent negative predictive value, but a moderate positive predictive value for detecting coronary stenosis. Computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRct) is a non-invasive, well-validated technique that provides functional assessment of coronary stenosis, improving the positive predictive value of CCTA. However, to determine the value of FFRct in routine clinical practice, a pragmatic randomised, controlled trial (RCT) is required. We will conduct an RCT to investigate the impact of adding FFRct analysis in the diagnostic pathway of patients with a coronary stenosis on CCTA on the rate of unnecessary invasive coronary angiography, cost-effectiveness, quality of life and clinical outcome.MethodsThe FUSION trial is a prospective, multicentre RCT that will randomise 528 patients with stable chest pain and anatomical stenosis of ≥ 50% but < 90% in at least one coronary artery of ≥ 2 mm on CCTA, to FFRct-guided care or usual care in a 1:1 ratio. Follow-up will be 1 year. The primary endpoint is the rate of unnecessary invasive coronary angiography within 90 days.ConclusionThe FUSION trial will evaluate the use of FFRct in stable chest pain patients from the Dutch perspective. The trial is funded by the Dutch National Health Care Institute as part of the research programme ‘Potentially Promising Care’ and the results will be used to assess if FFRct reimbursement should be included in the standard health care package.Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12471-022-01711-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

淹水对两种甜樱桃砧木根系无氧呼吸酶及发酵产物的影响

以美早/东北山樱桃、美早/马哈利为试材,研究了淹水过程中两种甜樱桃砧木生长根、褐色木质根中无氧呼吸酶——丙酮酸脱羧酶(PDC)、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性及褐色木质根的发酵产物——乙醛、乙醇和乳酸含量变化,结果表明:两类根系PDC、LDH活性均呈先升后降趋势,ADH活性变化在生长根中亦先升后降,而在褐色木质根中为上升趋势,三种酶活性变化幅度表现为生长根大于褐色木质根;美早/东北山樱桃两类根系中ADH和LDH活性增加幅度大于美早/马哈利,PDC则相反;两种砧木褐色木质根乙醛、乙醇含量呈升高趋势,乳酸含量先升后降;最终美早/东北山樱桃褐色木质根中乙醛含量低于美早/马哈利,乙醇含量则相反,而乳酸含量前者较早达峰值且高于后者峰值。     

广东连州田心省级自然保护区珍稀濒危植物资源现状及优先保护初步研究

掌握保护区珍稀植物本底与受威胁状态,完善保护区珍稀植物的优先保护评价体系,可为保护区制定保护对策、科学管理提供依据。通过资料收集和实地考察,对连州田心省级自然保护区珍稀植物资源开展研究,结果表明,田心省级自然保护区共有珍稀植物35科63属94种,其中国家重点保护野生植物有25科33属46种,广东省重点保护野生植物有7科10属10种,中国植物红皮书稀有濒危植物20科25属25种,CITES公约附录植物5科23属46种。采用优先保护评价体系对41种代表性珍稀濒危植物进行排序,结果属Ⅰ级保护的有2种,占评价总数的4.88%;属Ⅱ级保护的有22种,占评价总数的53.66%;属Ⅲ级保护的有17种,占评价总数的41.46%。田心省级自然保护区生境良好,珍稀濒危植物种类多,数量丰富,具有较高的生态保护价值。该评价体系对41种植物的评价与分级结果更真实地反映了它们在田心保护区受威胁状态和优先保护顺序,对该区珍稀濒危植物的优先保护工作具有一定指导意义。     

Impacts of benzophenone-type UV filters on cladoceran Daphnia carinata

Limnology - The impacts of three commonly used benzophenone-type UV filters including benzophenone (BP), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone (BP3), and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone-5-sulfonicacid...