光敏剂HMME对人骨肉瘤细胞U-2OS的光动力作用及其作用机制的初步研究

目的：探讨光敏剂（HMME）介导的光动力疗法对人骨肉瘤细胞U-2OS的杀伤效应及机制研究。方法：使用不同浓度（0、10、20、30、40μg.ml-1）的光敏剂,采用不同光照能量（0、3、6、9 J.cm-2）照射人骨肉瘤细胞,与空白对照组、药物对照组（无光照但加光敏剂）和光照对照组（不加光敏剂但加光照）进行比较,MTT法检测细胞的存活率,选择半数有效量药物浓度和光照能量,作为实验组。以空白对照组为对照,采用Hoechst33342染色法,观察细胞凋亡情况。用western blot方法检测细胞凋亡蛋白caspase-7、caspase-9和PARP-1。结果：MTT结果显示,空白对照组、药物对照组和光照对照组对细胞存活率在96.7%和100%之间,药物的半数有效量为40.1μg.ml-（16 J.cm-2）和25.0μg.ml-（19 J.cm-2）。Hoechst33342染色法观察到实验组细胞明显凋亡。westen blotting检测结果,实验组与对照组相比,caspase-7、caspase-9和PARP-1表达明显增高。结论：HMME-PDT对人骨肉瘤细胞U-2OS有显著的杀伤效应,且呈光敏剂浓度和光照强度依赖性,其杀伤效应与caspase途径相关。     

x线断层容积成像技术在肺动脉畸形中的应用

目的：通过与常规x线胸片比较,探讨胸部x线断层容积成像技术在肺动脉畸形中的应用价值。方法：对20例临床及x线平片怀疑肺动脉畸形者,进一步进行胸部x线断层容积成像检查。其中11例被明确诊断为肺动脉畸形。以CT或超声心动结果为标准,对比两种图像对肺动脉畸形的明确诊断率,分析对比该11例患者的胸部x线断层容积成像图片和普通x线胸片,评价两种方法所获得的图像质量和图片优秀率。结果：20例疑似患者中,11例被CT或超声心动确诊为肺动脉畸形,其x线断层容积成像图片和普通x线胸片经主管技师和副主任医师双盲判读,x线断层容积成像11例均获明确诊断（100％）,普通x线胸片明确诊断2例（18％）,诊断准确率有明显差异（P=0．O001）。容积断层成像优质图像为10例,占总数的90．91％;良好1例,差为0例。11例x片中优秀7例,占总数的63．63％,其中良好3例,差1例。两种图像优秀率比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．0001）。结论：x线断层容积成像技术对肺动脉畸形的图像优秀率和诊断准确率均高于x线平片,对病变的显示更加清晰、立体,提高诊断准确率和客观性,具有重要的临床诊断价值。     

Ischemic and hypoxic preconditioning protect cardiac muscles via intracellular ROS signaling

Oxidative stress can cause extensive damage to cardiac tissue under reperfusion conditions. However, preconditioning the myocardium may diminish these negative effects and alleviate reperfusion injury. There are a variety of preconditioning therapies, such as ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and hypoxic preconditioning (HPC), each targeting specific channels, receptors, and/or intracellular molecules. Ischemic preconditioning involves brief periods of ischemia followed by brief periods of reperfusion, thus strengthening the cardiac resistance for a longer period of ischemia. IPC involves complex mechanisms, some of which are still not completely understood today. Nevertheless, many studies have already established models of IPC. In addition, similar to IPC, HPC has also been recognized as preventing reperfusion injury. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known mediators of IPC and HPC. Particularly, mitochondria-generated ROS initiate activity of several beneficial preconditioning pathways. The role of ROS is paradoxical; low levels of ROS are key factors in signaling IPC/HPC, but high levels of ROS can contribute to increased oxidative stress on cardiomyocytes. Therefore, it is important to determine the molecular mechanism of IPC and HPC to avoid excessive accumulation of ROS to prevent cardiac injury. In this review, we will outline IPC and HPC, explaining the putative role of ROS in both pathways. We will also discuss preconditioning efficacy in certain conditions such as exercise and how the aging myocardium responds to preconditioning therapies.     

高雄山虫草及其细脚拟青霉无性型

报道采自安徽省天堂寨自然保护区的高雄山虫草Cordyceps takaomontana及其无性型细脚拟青霉Paecilomyces tenuipes ,应用单子囊孢子分离鉴定和微循环产孢的方法确证了两者的对应关系,并修订了高雄山虫草的原始描述。双梭孢虫草C．bifusispora可能为高雄山虫草的同物异名。同时采集的具数个红色子座且有双梭形子囊孢子的虫草不是同一个种。     

关节镜制备膝关节软骨缺损的动物模型

目的:经微创手术制备膝关节软骨缺损动物模型,减少因手术创伤造成对实验结果的影响。方法:关节镜下对9只山羊(9膝)进行关节面钻孔术,造成软骨缺损模型,对其缺损位置进行准确定位。结果:9只山羊(9膝)均在关节镜下顺利进行了关节软骨缺损模型的建立,并进行了缺损部位的定位。结论:对比开放性手术,经关节镜制备关节缺损模型是一种对实验干预最少的微创方法,有助于减少手术本身造成的实验误差。     

控制水稻叶片叶绿素含量及其离体叶片叶绿素降解速度相关的QTL定位(简报)

许多研究认为,在一定范围内,叶绿素含量与光合速率成正相关关系、叶绿素含量高的水稻叶片能延缓衰老。理论上推算,水稻叶片如果推迟1天衰老,可使水稻增产2％左右,而实际实验结果表明可增产1％左右。叶片早衰往往也是造成有些水稻品种结实率偏低、空秕率较高及产量降低的主要原因。叶片衰老是水稻发育过程中的生命现象,它是水稻在长期进化过程中形成的适应性。叶片衰老的显著特征之一是叶绿素含量下降,叶色褪绿变黄。[第一段]     

Interactive effects of elevated C02 and temperature on the anatomical characteristics of leaves in eleven species

The anatomical features of leaves in 11 species of plants grown in a temperature gradient and a temperature + CO2 gradient were studied.The palisade parenchyma thickness,the spongy parenchyma thickness and the total leaf thickness were measured and analyzed to investigate the effects of elevated temperature and CO2 on the anatomical characteristics of the leaves.Our results show that with the increase of temperature,the leaf thickness of C4 species increased while the leaf thickness of C3 species showed no constant changes.With increased CO2,seven out of nine C3 species exhibited increased total leaf thickness.In C4 species,leaf thickness decreased.As for the trend on the multi-grades,the plants exhibited linear or non-linear changes.With the increase of temperature or both temperature and CO2 for the 11 species investigated,leaf thickness varied greatly in different plants (species) and even in different branches on the same plant.These results demonstrated that the effect of increasing CO2 and temperature on the anatomical features of the leaves were species-specific.Since plant structures are correlated with plant functions,the changes in leaf anatomical characteristics in elevated temperature and CO2 may lead to functional differences.     

锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区种子植物区系研究北大核心CSCD

该研究以查阅文献和野外实地调查相结合的方法,对锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区种子植物进行调查、统计、排序,并对该区系种子植物的种类组成、水分生态类型、生活型及种的地理成分进行分析。结果表明:锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区有野生种子植物856种,分别隶属于87科,345属;其中,裸子植物3科,5属,11种;被子植物84科,340属,845种。植物水分生态类型以中生植物为主,共559种,占区系总种数的65.30%;旱生植物213种,占区系总种数的24.88%。生活型以草本植物为主,占区系总种数的88.67%。区系中种的地理成分较为复杂,既反映出保护区植物地域性强的特征,也反映出该区域生境类型多样、植物丰富度高的特征。     

塞内卡病毒A结构蛋白VP2诱导PK-15细胞自噬的研究

本研究在塞内卡病毒A(Senecavirus A,SVA)诱导自噬的基础上,着重探究VP2蛋白在细胞自噬过程中的作用。构建VP2基因真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-VP2,将其转染至PK-15细胞,通过检测自噬蛋白和相关基因的表达情况,明确VP2蛋白对细胞自噬的影响。结果显示,本研究成功构建了pcDNA3.1-VP2真核表达载体,且SVA VP2基因在PK-15细胞中正常表达;与对照组相比,VP2蛋白显著上调LC3蛋白的表达水平（P<0.01）;同时,自噬基因LC3、Beclin-1和ATG5转录水平均显著提高（P<0.01）。综上所述,本研究证实SVA VP2蛋白可诱导PK-15细胞自噬,且VP2蛋白与自噬蛋白和基因表达水平呈正相关,为进一步研究病毒感染与致病机制打下基础。