Morphology and Small Subunit rDNA Gene Sequence of Pseudoamphisiella quadrinucleata n. sp. (Ciliophora,Urostylida) from the South China Sea

ABSTRACT. The urosylid genus Pseudoamphisiella was established by Song (1996) with hitherto only two known congeners. In the present work, the morphology and infraciliature of a new member, Pseudoamphisiella quadrinucleata n. sp., a form with conspicuous alveolar layer and four macronuclear nodules isolated from the coastal waters both near Hong Kong and near Guangzhou, South China were investigated using living observation and protargol silver impregnation methods. Pseudoamphisiella quadrinucleata differs from other two known forms mainly by the number of macronuclear nodules: constantly four vs. two in Pseudoamphisiella alveolata and 24–57 in Pseudoamphisiella lacazei. To support this, the sequence of the small subunit rDNA of P. quadrinucleata n. sp. showed 14 and 74 nucleotides in comparison with that of the two known congeners, respectively, which hence firmly supports the validity of the new species.     

热带森林的低密度种及其形成及维持机制

低密度种指在热带森林中存在的成年个体密度很低的物种 ,是热带森林中树种的主要存在形式。对低密度种的认识和保护是热带森林生物多样性保育的关键之一。与稀有种相比 ,低密度种的含义更为广阔 ,它还包括那些密度低、分布范围广和绝对个体数量大的物种。低密度种形成的主要原因是母树附近的幼苗和种子的存活率较低 ,密度制约和有限更新也是低密度种形成的重要原因。维持低密度种最重要的外部原因是昆虫较强的飞行能力和传粉能力 ,而其最重要的内部原因是低密度种的生殖特性。     

心力衰竭大鼠心肌线粒体蛋白质组学研究

通过差速离心分离大鼠心肌线粒体,利用蛋白质组学技术构建正常大鼠心肌线粒体蛋白质组表达图谱;选用心肌梗死诱导的心力衰竭大鼠模型,分析比较心力衰竭时心肌线粒体蛋白质表达谱的改变.与正常对照组相比,心力衰竭大鼠心肌线粒体共有188个蛋白点的表达量发生了变化,其中有120个蛋白点表达上调2倍以上,有68个蛋白点表达下调1/2以上（P〈0.05）.对差异表达的蛋白点行胶内酶解后质谱鉴定和数据库检索,对蛋白质进行功能注释、亚细胞定位和生物信息学分析,其中有27个蛋白质涉及能量代谢和氧化应激,其中参与糖酵解及三羧酸循环的蛋白质（酶）表达上调,而参与OXPHOS复合体和脂肪酸代谢的蛋白质（酶）表达下调.研究结果表明,心力衰竭时心肌能量代谢模式发生了改变,底物选择从倾向于脂肪酸转为葡萄糖利用增加,糖酵解增强而脂肪酸氧化能力减低;为心肌缺血性损伤时线粒体结构和功能改变提供了分子依据,在蛋白质水平上阐述了线粒体在心力衰竭发展中的可能机制.     

PKC对原代培养神经元NF-кB表达的影响

用蛋白激酶C（PKC）刺激剂佛波醇酯（PMA）和PKC抑制剂Rottlerin处理培养神经元,RT—PCR法检测神经元NF—xBp65 mRNA的表达;用PMA和NF—κB抑制剂TPCK处理培养神经元,流式细胞术AnnexinV／PI法检测细胞早期凋亡率。观察PKC对原代培养神经元核转录因子kappaB（NF～KB）表达的影响,探讨PKC参与缺血性神经元损伤的可能机制。结果显示PKC可促进NF—κB的表达;NF—κB可诱导培养神经元的早期凋亡。由此可以得出PKC激活参与神经元的损伤可能是通过引起神经元内NF—κB的表达而实现的.     

海洋细菌Bacillus sp．HN07的分离鉴定及所产碱性纤维素酶性质研究

从渤海海域（121°30′00″E,40°25′00″N）海泥中筛选到一株产碱性纤维素酶的海洋细菌。通过形态观察、生理生化特性及16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定该菌株属于芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）,命名为Bacillussp．HN07。研究表明：HN07最适生长温度30℃,适宜在pH7．0～8．0、含2．0％～3．0％NaCl的培养条件下生长和产酶,并且具有较好的遗传稳定性。酶学性质初步研究显示,HN07所产碱性纤维素酶最适反应温度为45℃,最适pH为8．0,在碱性条件下具有较好的稳定性,具有潜在的工业应用价值。     

Description of the Rare Marine Ciliate, Uronychia multicirrus Song, 1997 (Ciliophora; Euplotida) based on Morphology, Morphogenesis and SS rRNA Gene Sequence

ABSTRACT. A population of the marine euplotid ciliate, Uronychia multicirru s Song 1997 , found in the littoral zone of the Daya Bay, Guangdong, South China, was investigated using live observation and protargol impregnation method. This species is diagnosed by possessing a long row of ventral cirri, which has never been seen in all other known congeners. Divisional process, described based on protargol-impregnated specimens, is typical of the genus regarding its general pattern: (1) the oral primordia in both proter and opisthe develop de novo in two subcortical pouches, while the UM-anlage forms de novo (i.e. does not develop from the oral primordium); (2) five frontoventral-transverse (FVT)-cirral anlagen develop in a primary-mode on the cell surface, and almost all the cirri are derived from the FVT-anlagen, except the first frontal cirri, which are formed de novo in both dividers; (3) the species characteristic ventral row derives from the right-most FVT-anlage; (4) the parental structures do not take part in the construction of the marginal anlagen, and (5) the caudal cirri originate in the right-most two dorsal kineties in a multi-segmentation mode. The small subunit rRNA gene of U. multicirrus (GenBank accession number: EU267929) is 1,773 bp and differs by 0.9–1.41% from its closely related congeners.     

富硒发酵毛头鬼伞菌丝对四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠抗氧化和降血糖的影响

本文研究了富硒发酵毛头鬼伞(鸡腿菇)Coprinus comatus菌丝体对四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠抗氧化和降血糖的影响。四氧嘧啶建立糖尿病小鼠模型后,将富硒发酵毛头鬼伞菌丝均匀混入饲料中,由小鼠自由取食进行治疗,3周后观察富硒毛头鬼伞菌丝对糖尿病小鼠血糖、MDA、SOD和GSH-Px的影响。结果发现,采用富硒发酵毛头鬼伞菌丝进行治疗后,糖尿病小鼠血糖明显降低;血清和组织中MDA含量显著下降;血清和组织中的SOD和GSH-Px的活力明显的增加。由此推断,富硒发酵毛头鬼伞菌丝对四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠的降血糖效果可能是通过提高机体抗氧化能力来实现的。     

绞股蓝对大鼠肝组织内细胞色素P450和GST、UGT活性的影响

SD 大鼠自由饮用绞股蓝汁(绞股蓝汁每天新鲜配制,浓度为每100 g 水2 g 茶叶,100℃的水温浸泡30 min,取上清液),连续给药60 d,取出肝脏,用差速离心法制备肝脏胞浆液及肝脏微粒体,采用双光束紫外分光光度法测定 CYP3A、CYP2E1、NADPH-细胞色素 C 还原酶、UGT、GST 的活性及细胞色素 b5的含量,结果显示绞股蓝可显著升高细胞色素 b5的含量,显著诱导 CYP3A、UGT、GST、NADPH-细胞色素 C 还原酶的活性,但对 CYP2E1没有影响。提示绞股蓝与药物合用时,在体内可能会发生代谢性药物相互作用。     

cAMP反应元件萤光素酶报告基因载体的构建简

目的：构建含有cAMP反应元件（CRE）的萤光素酶报告基因载体。方法：以含有ga14位点的萤光素酶报告基因质粒为模板,利用PCR方法,在去除ga14位点的同时,连入4个CRE元件得到pCRE-luc;将该载体与G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）共转染人胚肾细胞HEK293,测定萤光素酶活性;应用蛋白激酶A（PKA）抑制剂确认CRE的活性是否与Gs通路相关。结果：pCRE-luc的活性直接相关于GPCR的激活程度,并依赖Gs信号通路。结论：CRE萤光素酶报告基因载体构建成功,可用于检测Gs偶联GPCR的活性,为基于GPCR的高通量药物筛选奠定了基础。