利用SSR分子标记进行海岛棉遗传多样性研究

利用SSR分子标记,对20世纪50年代我国引入海岛棉以来培育的45个国内品种(系)及8个国外品种的遗传多样性进行研究.通过256对SSR引物的筛选,选择24对扩增效果好的引物对53个海岛棉种质资源进行遗传多样性的检测分析,共检测出106个等位位点,每对引物等位位点数在2～8之间,平均为4.4.其中多态性等位基因变异97个,占91.5%.位点多态性信息含量平均为0.688,最高为0.848,最低为0.245.利用NTSYSpc2.1软件,分别计算农艺经济性状的欧氏距离(Euclid)和分子标记数据的Jaccard系数矩阵,采用UPGMA法对所选材料进行聚类分析.结果表明,两个树状聚类图基本吻合,53个品种被分为两大类,与系谱来源一致.实验证明SSR分子标记在鉴别品种和品种遗传多样性研究方面具有重要作用.     

抗反馈抑制的天冬氨酸激酶基因在钝齿棒杆菌中的表达

将来自钝齿棒杆菌（Corynebacterium crenatum）CD945具有AEC抗性的天冬氨酸激酶(AKfbr)基因克隆到穿梭载体pJC1上,构建重组质粒pLY153。用电击法将质粒pLY153转化到野生型菌株C. crenatum AS1.542及其突变株C. crenatum CD945中。携带AKfbr基因的C. crenatum AS1.542菌株能抗浓度皆为12mg/mL的AEC和苏氨酸。AKfbr基因在C. crenatum CD945中得到表达,天冬氨酸激酶活性提高4倍。摇瓶发酵实验结果表明,重组菌在对数前期和中期生长正常,不受抑制;与对照菌相比,赖氨酸终产量提高22％,赖氨酸生产率提高23％。     

Substituted N-{3-[(1,1-dioxido-1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl)(phenyl)amino]propyl}benzamide analogs as potent Kv1.3 ion channel blockers. Part 2

We report the synthesis and in vitro activity of a series of novel substituted N-{3-[(1,1-dioxido-1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl)(phenyl)amino]propyl}benzamide analogs. These analogs showed potent inhibitory activity against Kv1.3. Several demonstrated similar potency to the known Kv1.3 inhibitor PAP-1 when tested under the IonWorks patch clamp assay conditions. Two compounds 13i and 13rr were advanced further as potential tool compounds for in vivo validation studies.     

The influence of some environmental factors on cytological and biometric parameters and chlorophyll content of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. in the maritime Antarctic

Under the environmental conditions of the Point Thomas Oasis (King George Island, the South Shetland Islands), we studied the influence of month-long artificial treatment with fresh water, salt water, and guano solution on the biometric characteristics, chlorophyll content, as well as the nuclear area of leaf parenchymal cells and nuclear DNA content, in a maritime Antarctic aboriginal plant Deschampsia antarctica. The modeled factors induced an increase in the generative shoot height and the length of the largest leaf, but did not influence the number of flowers. Treatment with guano caused an increase in the chlorophyll a and b contents, while fresh water treatment only led to some increase in chlorophyll a. Fluctuations of physiologically significant traits, such as the nuclear area and DNA content in the leaf parenchyma cells of D. antarctica, have been traced under the influence of the studied factors. Understanding of the hierarchy of influence of these factors as well as and sensitivity of plants of this species to external agents require further investigation.     

FAT10 protein binds to polyglutamine proteins and modulates their solubility

Expansion of polyglutamine (pQ) chain by expanded CAG repeat causes dominantly inherited neurodegeneration such as Huntington disease, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), and numbers of other spinocerebellar ataxias. Expanded pQ disrupts the stability of the pQ-harboring protein and increases its susceptibility to aggregation. Aggregated pQ protein is recognized by the ubiquitin proteasome system, and the enzyme ubiquitin ligase covalently attaches ubiquitin, which serves as a degradation signal by the proteasome. However, accumulation of the aggregated proteins in the diseased brain suggests insufficient degradation machinery. Ubiquitin has several functionally related proteins that are similarly attached to target proteins through its C terminus glycine residue. They are called ubiquitin-like molecules, and some of them are similarly related to the protein degradation pathway. One of the ubiquitin-like molecules, FAT10, is known to accelerate protein degradation through a ubiquitin-independent manner, but its role in pQ aggregate degradation is completely unknown. Thus we investigated its role in a Huntington disease cellular model and found that FAT10 molecules were covalently attached to huntingtin through their C terminus glycine. FAT10 binds preferably to huntingtin with a short pQ chain and completely aggregated huntingtin was FAT10-negative. In addition, ataxin-1,3 and DRPLA proteins were both positive for FAT10, and aggregation enhancement was observed upon FAT10 knockdown. These findings were similar to those for huntingtin. Our new finding will provide a new role for FAT10 in the pathogenesis of polyglutamine diseases.     

Protein kinase B/Akt may regulate G2/M transition in the fertilized mouse egg by changing the localization of p21(Cip1/WAF1)

Protein kinase B (PKB, also called Akt) is known as a serine/threonine protein kinase. Some studies indicate that the Akt signalling pathway strongly promotes G2/M transition in mammalian cell cycle progression, but the mechanism remains to be clarified, especially in the fertilized mouse egg. Here, we report that the expression of Akt at both the protein and mRNA level was highest in G2 phase, accompanied by a peak of Akt activity. In addition, the subcellular localization of p21(Cip1/WAF1) has been proposed to be critical in the cell cycle. Hence, we detected the expression and localization of p21(Cip1/WAF1) after injecting fertilized mouse eggs with Akt mRNA. In one-cell stage fertilized embryos microinjected with mRNA coding for a constitutively active myristoylated Akt (myr-Akt), p21(Cip1/WAF1) was retained in the cytoplasm. Microinjection of mRNA of kinase-deficient Akt(Akt-KD) resulted in nuclear localization of p21(Cip1/WAF1) . Meanwhile, microinjection of different types of Akt mRNA affected the phosphorylation status of p21(Cip1/WAF1) . However, there was no obvious difference in the protein expression of p21(Cip1/WAF1) . Therefore, Akt controls the cell cycle by changing the subcellular localization of p21(Cip1/WAF1) , most likely by affecting the phosphorylation status of p21(Cip1/WAF1) .     

Glasgow-Blatchford和Rockall评分系统对上消化道出血患者治疗的指导作用比较

目的:比较Glasgow-Blatchford和Rockall评分系统对上消化道出血患者治疗的指导作用。方法:回顾分析我院收治的上消化道出血病人共366例,详细记录每一位入组患者的临床表现、生命体征、实验室检查结果,根据Glasgow-Blatchford和Rockall评分系统的规则计算每一位患者的危险分值,并依据其分值将其分为低危组和高危组(Glasgow-Blatchford≥1分,Rockall≥1分)。结果:366例上消化道出血患者有243位(66.4%)经过补液、抑酸等保守治疗后出血停止,并按照临床实际将其定义为低危患者,Glasgow-Blatchford评分为0的低危患者有63位(17.2%),Rockall评分为0的低危患者有99人(27.0%),参照临床治疗中实际的高低危患者,计算得到Rockall评分系统对高危患者诊断的敏感性为87.0%,而Glasgow-Blatchford评分系统对高危患者诊断的敏感性为100%。Glasgow-Blatchford评分系统对上消化道出血高危患者诊断的敏感性明显高于临床Rockall评分系统。结论:基于实验室检查和临床表现的Glasgow-Blatchford评分,是一种简单、有效的判断上消化道出血严重程度的评分系统,有助于临床医师选择正确的治疗方案。