LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC RADIOAUTOGRAPHY OF HEPATIC CELL NUCLEOLI IN MICE TREATED WITH ACTINOMYCIN D

Nucleolar partition induced by actinomycin D was used to demonstrate some aspects of nucleolar RNA synthesis and release in mouse hepatic cells, with light and electron microscopic radioautography. The effect of the drug on RNA synthesis and nucleolar morphology was studied when actinomycin D treatment preceded labeling with tritiated orotic acid. Nucleolar partition, consisting of a segegration into granular and fibrillar parts was visible if a dosage of 25 µg of actinomycin D was used, but nucleolar RNA was still synthesized. After a dosage of 400 µg of actinomycin D, nucleolar RNA synthesis was completely stopped If labeling with tritiated orotic acid preceded treatment with 400 µg of actinomycin D, labeled nucleolar RNA was present 15 min after actinomycin D treatment while high resolution radioautography showed an association of silver grains with the granular component. At 30 min after actinomicyn D treatment all labeling was lost. Since labeling was associated with the granular component the progressive loss of label as a result of actinomycin D treatment indicated a release of nucleolar granules. The correlation between this release and the loss of 28S RNA from actinomycin D treated nucleoli as described in the literature is discussed.     

化学诱导的B95-8细胞中TK酶的分离和性质研究

巴豆油和正丁酸钠(nSB)诱导Raji和B95-8细胞株生成胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶(TK),其粗提液,经DEAE—纤维素柱层析,可分成两个性质不同的TK活性峰—峰Ⅰ和峰Ⅱ:(1)峰Ⅰ是穿过峰,峰Ⅱ为洗脱峰,在120mMol/L从K_2HPO_4缓冲液时洗脱下来;(2)峰Ⅱ含量在病毒生产性细胞B95-8中高于非生产性的Raji细胞;(3)B95-8细胞经联合诱导48小时后,峰Ⅱ比活性最高;(4)TTP对峰Ⅰ和峰Ⅱ的抑制效应不同,两峰利用GTP能力也不同;(5)PAGE结果表明:峰Ⅰ的Rm值为0.044,峰Ⅱ呈现两条带,Rm值分别为0.015和0.276;(6)峰Ⅰ的Km值为0.86μMol/L,峰ⅡKm值为0.29μMol/L。根据以上的结果,我们认为:峰Ⅰ是细胞TK(C-TK),而峰Ⅱ具有许多疱疹病毒TK的特性,因此,峰Ⅱ是EB病毒相关TK(EBV-TK)。     

粪产碱菌（Alcaligenes faecalis）吸收氢和同化CO2的特性

应用同位素氚(T_2)和~13C(~13CO_2),证明了水稻联合固氮菌——粪产碱菌A—15是一种含有吸氢酶的兼性化能自养细菌,具有较强的吸氢能力,吸氨酶活性可达到13.11μmol H_2 ml~(-1) cultureh~(-1);同时,它还可利用H_2为能源同化CO_2营化能自养生活,其RuBPC活性为24.65 nmolCO_2 mg~(-1) protein min~(-1)。无论在自养还是异养条件下,H_2都支持、并促进固氮活性。粪产碱菌培养在N_2条件下比在NH_4~ 条件下能积累更多的多聚-β羟基丁酸(PHB)。     

人β干挠素基因在SV40晚期启动子控制下在小鼠骨髓瘤细胞中表达

人成纤维细胞干挠素(Hu-IFN-β)基因的HindⅡ片段,插入载体pSV2-dhfr质粒中SV40晚期启动子(Lp)下游PvuⅡ位点处。用此重组质粒与带有黄嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(XGPRT)基因的质粒pSV2-gpt共转染次黄嘌吟核糖转移酶(HGPRT)基因缺陷的小鼠骨髓瘤(SP2/0)细胞。在含有霉酚酸和氨基喋呤的选择培基中,筛选出有效地组成性表达的细胞株。在未加氨甲喋呤压力倍增的条件下,Hu-IFN-β抗病毒活性为1275U/10~5细胞,1ml,48小时。     

Assessment of temporal changes in pulmonary edema with NMR imaging

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) parameters [longitudinal relaxation time (T1), transverse relaxation time (T2), and signal intensity] acquired at a magnetic field of 2.35 T were validated with a study of nine different phantom gel solutions. This technique was then applied to study 13 anesthetized supine cats, among which 10 had lung edema induced by oleic acid (0.075 ml/kg); the result was compared with postmortem analyses of lung water. Three animals (series A) were imaged until the edema was first visualized in NMRI, usually 15-20 min after oleic acid infusion. Another seven animals (series B) were imaged over 4-5 h. As lung water increased, so did the signal intensity. When edema first appeared, T1, T2, and the volume of the edematous region within the slice in the upper lobes showed no gravity-dependent differences; this was confirmed by postmortem measurements (series A) of lung water. With time, gravity-dependent regions displayed greater volumes of edematous regions and greater T1 values (P less than 0.01), suggesting a continued accumulation of lung water. In comparison, nondependent regions displayed constant volumes of edematous region and lesser T1 values (P less than 0.01), suggesting an increased protein concentration but no change in lung water. This study suggests the potential applicability of NMRI parameters in the assessment of pulmonary edema.     

油盘孢属和泽田外担菌的研究

寄生于樟、阴香和肉桂等植物上的泽田外担菌和油盘孢属真菌,几十年来分类上存在许多不同看法,或全部归泽田外担菌,或全部归油盘孢属,把此二类不同真菌混淆起来,造成名称混乱。本文通过形态学的研究,表明泽田外担菌与油盘孢属的区别是:泽田外担菌具担子层,担孢子4—8个生担子上,寄主是樟树;而油盘孢属的孢子生菌丝上,形成孢子堆,寄主是阴香和肉桂等植物。     

组胺H2受体拮抗剂对骨髓造血重建的影响

用组胺H_2受体拮抗剂(甲氰咪胍或呋喃硝胺)处理正常和亚致死量γ-射线照射小鼠,探讨正常体内造血和再生骨髓中造血重建与组胺受体的关系。发现非毒性剂量的甲氰咪胍对正常小鼠骨髓多能造血干细胞(CFU-s)无抑制作用,但可抑制小鼠体内粒单系祖细胞(CFU-GM)的生长和亚致死量照射后CFU-s产率的恢复。组胺可能与骨髓的再生有关,组胺H_2受体拮抗剂可抑制骨髓的造血重建。