椰子叶螨Aceria(Eriophyes)guerreronis对我国椰子产业的风险性分析

[目的]明确刺吸式害虫椰子叶螨对我国椰子产业的风险,为该虫的检验检疫和应急防控提供参考.[方法]从椰子叶螨的国内外发生现状、潜在危害性、受害作物的经济重要性、定殖扩散的可能性以及风险管理的难度等方面,对椰子叶螨危害我国椰子产业的风险性进行定性和定量评估.[结果]椰子叶螨个体较小、传播方式多样、检疫和灭除难度较大,根据有...     

原肌球蛋白相关激酶B在肿瘤中的研究进展

原肌球蛋白相关激酶B(tropomyosin-related kinase B,TrkB)是一种神经营养性酪氨酸受体激酶,通过介导丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPK)、磷脂酶C-γ(phospholipase C-γ,PLC-γ)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(pho...     

不同光强对入侵种三裂叶豚草表型可塑性的影响

通过人工遮光,研究了不同光照强度下入侵植物三裂叶豚草的形态、生物量分配以及光合特性的表型可塑性.结果表明:与对照相比,遮光条件下,三裂叶豚草的株高、冠宽、单株叶面积、比叶面积和叶生物量比重显著增加,总生物量、单位叶面积生物量和根冠比减小;在全光照条件下,其冠宽和单株叶面积较小,根冠比较大,有利于高温强光下减少水分散失,表现出对不同光强较强的形态和生物量可塑性.遮光使三裂叶豚草叶片的日均净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度下降,胞间CO2浓度上升.正午光照最强时,低遮光处理植株的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度最大.中遮光和高遮光条件下,其叶绿素含量显著增加,叶绿素a/b显著减小,有利于提高三裂叶豚草的光能利用效率,以适应弱光环境.     

Nitric oxide inhibits larval settlement in Amphibalanus amphitrite cyprids by repressing muscle locomotion and molting

Nitric oxide (NO) is a universal signaling molecule and plays a negative role in the metamorphosis of many biphasic organisms. Recently, the NO/cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) signaling pathway was reported to repress larval settlement in the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. To understand the underlying molecular mechanism, we analyzed changes in the proteome of A. amphitrite cyprids in response to different concentrations of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 62.5, 250, and 1000 μM) using a label‐free proteomics method. Compared with the control, the expression of 106 proteins differed in all three treatments. These differentially expressed proteins were assigned to 13 pathways based on KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. SNP treatment stimulated the expression of heat shock proteins and arginine kinase, which are functionally related to NO synthases, increased the expression levels of glutathione transferases for detoxification, and activated the iron‐mediated fatty acid degradation pathway and the citrate cycle through ferritin. Moreover, NO repressed the level of myosins and cuticular proteins, which indicated that NO might inhibit larval settlement in A. amphitrite by modulating the process of muscle locomotion and molting.     

产β-内酰胺酶鲍曼不动杆菌基因型研究

目的了解临床科室分离的鲍曼不动杆菌耐药状况并分析多重耐药株产β-内酰胺酶基因型,为有效的临床治疗和医院感染控制提供实验室依据。方法采用纸片扩散（K-B）法测定临床分离的312株鲍曼不动杆菌对13种抗菌药物的敏感性,对其中120株多重耐药株用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增β-内酰胺酶基因,并对其扩增产物进行基因测序。结果鲍曼不动杆菌对美洛培南、亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和替卡西林/克拉维酸的耐药率分别为0.0%、1.0%、30.8%和31.4%,其余抗菌药物耐药率在38.5%-80.1%;120株多重耐药菌株中,β-内酰胺酶基因分布AmpC型基因阳性率为66.7%（80/120）、SHV-12型基因阳性率为14.2%（17/120）,PER-1型基因阳性率为16.7%（20/120）,CTX-M-9型基因阳性率为8.2%（10/120）,TEM-1型基因阳性率为9.2%（11/120）;VER-1,CTX-M-1,CTX-M-2,OXA型均阴性。同时携带2种基因型有16株,携带3种基因型有14株。结论临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌流行株主要是产AmpC酶,且呈多重耐药。     

扩张型心肌病动物模型的研究进展

扩张型心肌病严重危害人类健康,为了广泛深入地研究和治疗DCM,迫切需要该病的动物模型。本文按DCM的病因：家族性/遗传性,病毒性/免疫性,酒精性/中毒性及其他病因,对近年来应用较为成熟的DCM模型作一综述,分析各自的优缺点。