金缕梅科红花荷属野生资源及其园林开发潜力评估

为了解我国红花荷属的野生种质资源状况及其观赏价值,笔者对我国红花荷属(Rhodoleia Champ. ex Hook. f.) 6种野生种质资源进行了系统的野外调查,采集种质资源并开展了栽培试验,采用线性加权综合法,建立综合评价指标体系,对野生资源的园林开发潜力进行了评估。结果表明：红花荷、窄瓣红花荷和小花红花荷的综合价值高(Ⅰ级,分值＞2.0);小脉红花荷的综合价值中等(Ⅱ级,分值1.5~2.0);绒毛红花荷和大果红花荷综合价值低(Ⅲ级,分值＜1.5)。红花荷、窄瓣红花荷和小花红花荷作为优良的乡土木本花卉,在园林观赏性、栽培适应性、开发新颖性上的应用潜力非常高,值得进一步开发利用。     

豫西寒武系苗岭统张夏组Talassinoides bacae 中莓状黄铁矿的成因及其生态学意义

豫西寒武系苗岭统张夏组薄层微晶灰岩中发育了大量的Thalassinoides bacae遗迹化石,利用微区X射线荧光光谱仪和扫描电镜观察,并结合能谱分析,对Thalassinoides bacae遗迹化石的元素分布及微观特征进行分析。结果表明:衬壁与围岩的元素特征相似,晕圈的Fe、Mg富集;在填充物与衬壁的边界处Fe的含量高,且有大量的莓状黄铁矿(微晶呈八面体、五角十二面体、立方体、球体和不规则形)、黄铁矿的自形单晶及其铁的氧化物。认为晕圈构造是受到铁白云石流体的影响而形成的成岩晕;莓状黄铁矿的特征表明其为生物成因,为Thalassinoides bacae的耕作行为习性提供了重要依据,表明造迹生物在潜穴衬壁的边缘培植微生物以提供食物来应对食物贫乏,这是早期生物行为习性进化及后生动物向不同环境辐射的重要标志。     

多孔淀粉负载青蒿素微球的抗肿瘤活性研究

探讨多孔淀粉负载青蒿素微球(ART-PS)与青蒿素原药(ART)在不同浓度下的抗肿瘤活性,以及分别联合全铁转铁蛋白后对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用。在体外实验中,取对数生长期的人肝癌细胞和正常肝细胞接种于96孔板中,不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200μmol·L^-1)给药处理24h后,用MTT法分别检测多孔淀粉负载青蒿素微球与青蒿素原药对细胞的生长抑制作用。MTT结果显示,同等处理浓度下,多孔淀粉负载青蒿素微球对肿瘤细胞Hep G2和SMMC-7721的抑制效果都高于青蒿素原药,但与盐酸阿霉素相比,都具有较低的细胞毒性,对正常细胞HL7702的毒副作用非常低,结果与分别联合全铁转铁蛋白后对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用一致。多孔淀粉负载青蒿素微球对人肝癌细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用,效果优于青蒿素原药,并对正常肝细胞的毒副作用非常低,为青蒿素在治疗癌症的应用与研究提供了重要的参考依据。     

百令胶囊联合左卡尼汀对维持性血液透析患者氧化应激、T淋巴细胞亚群及营养状态的影响*

目的:探讨百令胶囊联合左卡尼汀对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者氧化应激、T淋巴细胞亚群及营养状态的影响。方法:选取我院于2015年6月至2017年4月期间接受MHD治疗的慢性肾衰竭患者72例为研究对象。按照数表法将患者随机分为对照组(n=36)和实验组(n=36)。两组患者均行MHD治疗,实验组患者在此基础上给予百令胶囊联合左卡尼汀治疗,疗程均为6个月。比较两组治疗前、治疗6个月后的氧化应激指标:血浆丙二醛(MDA)、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPx)、血浆总高半胱氨酸(tHcy)水平,免疫功能指标:CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+,营养状态指标:血红蛋白(Hb)、白蛋白(Alb)、前白蛋白(PA)、总胆固醇(TCh)、三酰甘油(TG)、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]。结果:两组患者治疗6个月后MDA、t Hcy水平下降,且实验组低于对照组(P0.05);治疗6个月后实验组患者GSHPx水平高于治疗前与对照组(P0.05),而对照组GSHPx水平与治疗前相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗6个月后,实验组患者CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平高于治疗前及对照组,而CD8~+低于治疗前及对照组(P0.05)。实验组治疗6个月后Hb、Alb、PA水平高于治疗前及对照组,而Lp(a)低于治疗前及对照组(P0.05),实验组患者TCh、TG水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);对照组治疗6个月后Hb、Alb、PA、TCh、TG、Lp(a)水平与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:百令胶囊联合左卡尼汀可减轻MHD患者氧化应激反应,调节T淋巴细胞亚群,同时改善患者营养状况,值得临床推广应用。     

SLC6A4基因多态性与海洛因依赖的关联性研究

目的:探讨5-羟色胺转运体基因(solute carrier family 6 member 4,SLC6A4)基因4个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点与海洛因依赖之间的关系。方法:严格按照诊断标准,选取无亲缘关系的海洛因依赖个体397例(病例组)及健康对照个体402例(对照组)提取基因组DNA,采用SNaPshot SNP分型技术对SLC6A4基因4个SNP位点(rs1042173,rs3813034,rs6354,rs7224199)进行基因分型,比较病例-对照组间各位点等位基因、基因型频率的差异。结果:病例组和对照组SLC6A4基因rs1042173和rs3813034位点的基因型和等位基因频率比较存在显著性差异(P0.05),rs1042173的C等位基因(P=0.031,OR=1.317,95%CI=1.026-1.691)及rs3813034的C等位基因(P=0.013,OR=1.375,95%CI=1.069-1.768)是海洛因依赖的危险因素。病例组TCC单倍型(rs7224199、rs3813034和rs1042173)的比例较对照组显著增高(P0.05)。结论:SLC6A4基因rs1042173和rs3813034多态性可能与海洛因成瘾有关,携带有rs1042173的C等位基因和rs3813034的C等位基因的个体及携带TCC单倍型的个体可能更容易对海洛因产生依赖。     

An insight into the sensitivity of maize to photoperiod changes under controlled conditions

Response of maize to photoperiods affects adaption of this crop to environments. We characterize the phenotypes of four temperate‐adapted maize foundation parents, Huangzao 4, Chang 7‐2, Ye 478 and Zheng 58, and two tropically adapted maize foundation parents, M9 and Shuang M9 throughout the growth stage under three constant photoperiod regimes in a daily cycle of 24 h at 28 °C, and analysed expression of 48 photoperiod response‐associated genes. Consequently, long photoperiod (LP) repressed development of the tassels of photoperiod‐sensitive maize lines at V9 stage, and caused subsequent failure in flowering; failure of photoperiod‐sensitive maize lines in flowering under LP was associated with lower expression of flowering‐related genes; photoperiod changes could make a marked impact on spatial layout of maize inflorescence. The larger oscillation amplitude of expression of photoperiod‐responsive genes occurred in LP‐sensitive maize lines. In conclusion, failure in development of tassels at V9 stage under LP is an early indicator for judging photoperiod sensitivity. The adaptation of temperate‐adapted maize lines to LP is due to the better coordination of expression among photoperiod‐sensing genes instead of the loss of the genes. High photoperiod sensitivity of maize is due to high expression of circadian rhythm‐responding genes improperly early in the light.     

Metabolomic analysis reveals the potential metabolites and pathogenesis involved in mulberry yellow dwarf disease

To analyse the molecular mechanisms of phytoplasma pathogenicity, the comprehensive metabolomic changes of mulberry leaf and phloem sap in response to phytoplasma infection were examined using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The metabolic profiles obtained revealed that the metabolite compositions of leaf and phloem sap were different, and phytoplasma infection has a greater impact on the metabolome of phloem sap than of leaf. Phytoplasma infection brought about the content changes in various metabolites, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, etc. Meanwhile, the results of biochemical analysis showed that the degradation of starch was repressed, and the starch content was increased in the infected leaves. In addition, we found that phytoplasma infection changed the levels of abscisic acid and cytokinin and break phytohormone balance. Interestingly, our data showed that the contents of H₂O₂ and superoxide were increased in the infected leaves, but not in the phloem saps. Based on the results, the expression levels of the genes involved in the metabolism of some changed metabolites were examined, and the potential molecular mechanisms of these changes were discussed. It can be concluded that both the leaf and phloem saps have a complicated metabolic response to phytoplasma infection, but their response mechanisms were different.     

奥利亚罗非鱼Piwi基因的克隆与生物信息学分析

Piwi基因是影响鱼类生殖细胞发育的重要因子。通过设计特异引物,以奥利亚罗非鱼的精巢RNA为模板,通过PCR扩增和克隆测序,获得了两种基因序列,分别长2 571 bp和3 204 bp。通过生物信息学分析,表明这两个片段与尼罗罗非鱼的Piwil-1和Piwil-2相似性都达到99%。通过翻译,Piwil-1和Piwil-2的蛋白序列具有典型的PAZ和Piwi结构域。因此,这两个基因为奥利亚罗非鱼的Piwil-1和Piwil-2基因。另外,生物信息学分析也表明Piwil-1和Piwil-2在一级结构和二级结构上十分相似,说明在奥利亚罗非鱼基因组中这两个基因分化时间则较短。本研究为后续研究鱼类生殖机理和罗非鱼进化研究奠定了基础。     

中药当归枸杞子汤调节高泌乳素血症临床观察

目的通过连续动态监测泌乳素血液浓度,评价当归枸杞子汤对高泌乳素血症的调节作用。方法选择我院2012年5月~2013年5月门诊收治的高泌乳素血症患者130例,随机分为对照组30例,采用溴隐亭治疗;观察组100例,给予中药当归枸杞子汤治疗。连续动态监测血清泌乳素浓度,评价两组疗效。结果两组患者疗效比较无显著统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗后血清泌乳素均显著下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而两组治疗后比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。不良反应发生率比较,对照组显著高于观察组(P0.05)。结论中药当归枸杞子汤治疗高泌乳素血症安全、有效,且价格低廉,用法简单,有显著的临床推广应用价值。     

基于光学相干层析术的斑马鱼颅骨密度定量分析方法

斑马鱼广泛地应用于骨退化相关的机制研究和新药开发过程中.目前临床应用检测骨密度(BMD)的方法主要有单光子吸收、双光子吸收、双能X线吸收、定量CT和超声技术等,上述方法均难用于斑马鱼的研究中.本文旨在寻求一种新式的、适用性强和操作简易的定量分析斑马鱼BMD的方法.对采集到的使用125μmol/L泼尼松龙溶液诱导骨质疏松...