青海省长刺双蚤一新亚种

在整理青海省蚤类标本中,发现长刺双蚤 Amphipsylla longispina Scalon, 1950一新亚种,记述如下。 长刺双蚤共和亚种 Amphipsylla longis pina gongheensis新亚种 鉴别特征 新亚种可动突前缘较直,不动突较细长,阳茎钩突端部似鸟头状;     

冷冻或切除小脑蚓部山顶(Culmen)对豚鼠“踏步自动作用”(Stepping automatism)的影响

本研究探讨部分冷冻或切除小脑蚓部(vermis)对整体豚鼠“踏步自动作用”(steppingautomatism)的影响。“踏步自动作用”由我们近年来发现的诱发踏步物质(SIS)(4-R-2,2,5,5-四(三氟甲基)-咪唑啉)所引起。结果表明部分冷冻或切除小脑蚓部的山顶(culmen,Ⅴ和Ⅳ叶)和中央叶(Centralis,Ⅲa,b)明显增强豚鼠的“踏步自动作用”。冷冻小脑不能触发,但仅能调控“踏步自动作用”。这种调控作用对自动化程度差的弱“踏步自动作用”特别显著。蚓部山顶(Ⅴ叶为主)同时调控左右前肢踏步,而一侧蚓部山顶及其半球则主要调控同侧前肢踏步。此外,本研究的结果表明当介面温度(冷冻头和小脑幕间)致冷至5℃—0℃左右,冷冻小脑便可基本模拟部分切除小脑效应。     

云南呈贡梁王山现代花粉雨的研究

本文通过对云南呈贡梁王山5块表土分析,初步研究了主要植物花粉的百分含量与其植物覆盖率之间的数量关系,并用校正系数R值表示。按照R值的大小,分为两组:R>1属于超代表性,包括有松、桤木、马桑、蒿和部分蕨类植物;R<1属于低代表性,包括有油杉、栲和石栎、滇青冈、栎、铁仔。在分析松粉分布特征基础上,认为昆明地区西风急流对松粉的传播是主要因素。     

The SV40 TC-II(kappa B) enhanson binds ubiquitous and cell type specifically inducible nuclear proteins from lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell lines.

We have characterized the complexes resulting from the specific binding in vitro of proteins present in nuclear extracts of several lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell lines to the TC-I and TC-II sequences of the simian virus 40 (SV40) enhancer. No proteins could be detected, binding selectively to the TC-I sequence, but two proteins TC-IIA and TC-IIB were identified interacting specifically with both the TC-II/kappa B enhanson, 5'-GGAAAGTCCCC-3' (important for the activity of the SV40 enhancer in vivo), and with the related H-2Kb enhanson, 5'-TGGGGATTCCCCA-3'. The binding of these two proteins to mutated TC-II enhansons correlates with the effect of these mutations in vivo, suggesting that both proteins may be important for SV40 enhancer activity. The TC-IIA binding activity was present in nuclear extracts of mature lymphoid B cells and was increased in pre-B cell nuclear extracts by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cycloheximide treatment. Furthermore, complex formation between the TC-IIA protein and the TC-II enhanson was efficiently competed by the kappa B motif from the kappa chain enhancer, indicating that TC-IIA is the NF-kappa B factor or a closely related protein. However, in contrast to previous reports, a TC-IIA/NF-kappa B-like protein whose properties could not be distinguished from those of the TC-IIA protein present in lymphoid B cells, was found in nuclear extracts of several untreated non-lymphoid cell lines, notably of HeLa cells, but not of undifferentiated F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells [F9(ND)]. The TC-IIA binding activity which was moderately increased in HeLa cell nuclear extracts by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and/or cycloheximide treatment could be induced in nuclear extracts of F9(ND) cells by cycloheximide, but not by TPA. Moreover, the TC-IIA binding activity could be induced in cytosolic fractions from F9(ND) cells by treatment with deoxycholate, indicating that these cells contain an inhibitor protein similar to the previously described NF-kappa B inhibitor, I kappa B. The second TC-II enhanson binding protein, TC-IIB, which could be clearly distinguished from the TC-IIA/NF-kappa B-like protein, by a number of differential properties, resembles the previously described KBF1/H2TF1 protein as it binds with a higher affinity to the H-2Kb enhanson than to the TC-II/kappa B enhanson, and its pattern of methylation interference on the H-2Kb and TC-II/kappa B enhansons is identical to that reported for the KBF1/H2TF1 protein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

视前区微量注射吗啡对大鼠丘脑束旁核痛反应神经元电活动的影响

本实验观察了视前区(POA)内微量注入阿片样物质对丘脑束旁核(Pf)痛反应神经元电活动影响。结果如下:(1)POA 内微量注射高浓度吗啡(10μg/μl)能显著抑制 Pf 内大部分(20/26)痛兴奋神经元(PEN)的痛诱发放电,其中3个神经元注药后对伤害性刺激转变成抑制反应;POA 内微量注射低浓度吗啡(1μg/μl)也显著抑制 Pf 内大部分(19/23)PEN 的痛诱发放电。(2) POA 内微量注射两种浓度的吗啡,均使大多数痛抑制神经元(PIN,共27/33)的完全抑制时程缩短。上述结果提示,POA 内阿片样物质对 Pf 内痛反应神经元的电活动可能具有抑制作用。     

兔腹部迷走神经、内脏大神经活动在孤束核中的相互作用

本实验在67只家兔身上分别观察了电解损毁孤束核(NTS)前后刺激腹迷走神经和内脏大神经中枢端对血压的影响,以及刺激这两种神经中枢端对 NTS 神经元放电活动的影响。结果表明:来自腹迷走神经和内脏大神经的感觉冲动不仅都可以投射至 NTS,而且这两种传入冲动在 NTS 还存在着会聚现象。一种传入神经的阈下刺激(背景刺激)可以削弱另一传入神经的血压效应,一种传入神经的(背景刺激)可以抑制另一种神经元引起的 NTS 神经元电活动。本文对这两种传入冲动之间存在的相互作用关系的可能机制及意义进行了讨论。     

辣椒素引起脊髓P物质释放及其对血压的影响

为进一步研究脊髓 P 物质(SP)在调节心血管活动中的作用,在大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射(ith)辣淑素(cap),以刺激脊髓 SP 能神经末梢释放 SP,结果引起血浆去甲肾上腺素(NA)和肾上腺素(AD)含量增高,及具有剂量依赖性的动脉血压上升,心率升高。ith 具有高度特异性的 SP 受体拮抗剂或 SP 抗血清均可阻断 cap 引起的升压效应,免疫组化测定也观察到注入的cap 剂量越大,脊髓胸段 SP 样免疫阳性反应物的致密度越低,这些观察结果支持 cap 可以引起脊髓内 SP 的释放的说法。在第一颈段(C_1)横断脊髓后 ith cap 所引起的升压效应与完整动物 ith cap 的升压效应无显著差异。以上结果提示脊髓 SP 能神经末梢释放的 SP 可以通过交感肾上腺髓质系统引起心血管兴奋效应,SP 可能是引起交感节前神经元兴奋的神经递质。     

消炎痛对大鼠肝线粒体微粒体^45Ca摄取及膜流动性的影响

我们曾报道消炎痛预处理在大鼠能引起明显的肝保护作用,为了进一步探讨消炎痛肝保护作用的机制,本工作观察了它对大鼠肝线粒体、微粒体钙调节作用及膜流动性的影响。结果表明,经消炎痛整体预处理的大鼠肝线粒体和微粒体的钙摄取及膜流动性均明显增加,但是,将消炎痛直接加入由正常大鼠分离的线粒体或微粒体中,则反而使膜的流动性降低。这些变化可能与消炎痛的肝保护作用有关。     

在原代培养的大鼠肝细胞观察消炎痛的细胞保护作用

我们曾观察到消炎痛预处理能明显减轻四氯化碳和半乳糖胺对大鼠的肝损伤作用,本工作采用原代培养的大鼠肝细胞进一步观察了这一现象。结果表明,经消炎痛整体处理后分离的大鼠肝细胞,在原代培养的条件下,对四氯化碳的损伤仍然具有明显的抵抗作用,表现为细胞内酶的漏出少于对照组。正常大鼠离体肝细胞在原代培养条件下用消炎痛处理,在相当大的剂量和相当长的时间范围内未出现明显的抗损伤作用。结果提示:消炎痛整体处理可使肝细胞本身获得抗损伤的能力,而这种抗损伤能力的产生可能有赖于肝细胞外其它因素的参与。