一种大鼠急性心力衰竭动物模型的建立方法

目的 建立一种简便易行的大鼠急性心力衰竭动物模型复制方法.方法 选用体重280～350 g的雄性SD大鼠,麻醉后于舌下静脉快速推注盐酸普鲁帕酮注射液10.5 ,mg/kg,观察记录造模后1小时内动物心率、左心室内压最大上升速率( dp/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax).结果 大鼠造模后数秒内心率即显著减少, dp/dtmax显著下降,-dp/dtmax显著上升,持续数十分钟.与空白组比较有极显著性差异.参附注射液和白附片水煎液显著恢复模型动物心率、 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax,与模型组比较有显著性或极显著性差异.结论 采用普鲁帕酮注射液复制大鼠急性心阳虚衰动物模型是一种简便可靠的方法.     

C肽对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的影响

比较C肽和胰岛素对大鼠糖尿病肾病的治疗作用。方法:选取Wistar大鼠40只,分为正常对照组(NG组)和糖尿病组(DM组),糖尿病组链脲佐菌素诱发大鼠成模后,随机分为三组:糖尿病组(DM组)、胰岛素组(IG组)和C肽组(ICG组)。治疗8周后测定各组大鼠24小时尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、肾重/体重,并观察糖尿病大鼠肾脏超微结构变化。结果:24小时尿白蛋白排泄率:糖尿病组明显增加,C肽组明显低于糖尿病组和胰岛素组,差异具有显著性。大鼠肾脏超微结构变化:各组大鼠肾小球截面积、肾小球平均体积(MGV)、细胞外基质/肾小球截面积比值、细胞外基质截面积、肾小球基底膜厚度相比,糖尿病组明显升高,C肽组较胰岛素组和糖尿病组明显下降,差异具有显著性。结论:C肽治疗可以降低24小时尿白蛋白排泄率,改善糖尿病大鼠肾脏超微结构病变。     

植物肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶基因克隆研究进展

木质素单体合成的过程中涉及了许多酶的参与,而肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶(cinnamoyl-CoA reductase,CCR)是该过程中的一个关键酶。综述了CCR基因在植物体内的克隆、基因功能及在植物组织中的表达情况,并介绍了该基因在植物的抗病虫害和抗逆性研究、饲草和能源上的应用潜力,为进一步研究CCR基因生物学功能和利用奠定了基础。     

条形柄锈菌(小麦条锈病菌)侵染结构体外形成的观察

通过荧光显微镜和扫描电镜分别对条形柄锈菌夏孢子在寄主植物-小麦叶表和非寄主植物-水稻叶表以及小麦穗部和茎秆上的萌发过程进行了观察。结果发现,夏孢子在小麦叶片体表萌发产生芽管后,可依次分化形成气孔下囊、初生菌丝与吸器母细胞;在小麦颖片、稃片及茎秆部位表面,同样可观察到病菌在体外分化形成吸器母细胞;并且在水稻叶片上也观察到病菌侵染结构存在体外分化现象。经荧光染色发现,条形柄锈菌在体外与在小麦组织中形成的侵染结构没有明显的差别。观察结果可为条形柄锈菌侵染结构的离体诱导与调控机理研究提供依据。     

益肾和络合剂对慢性肾衰竭实验室指标的影响(英文)

目的:探讨壮骨颗粒对骨折部位新生血管增殖的影响。方法:42只新西兰大白兔,行兔左侧桡骨中段做3mm骨缺损,随机分为壮骨颗粒组,伤科接骨片组,生理盐水组,术后1天开始给药,在第4、6、8周进行X线观察,4w、8w行病理组织学检查。结果:X线片评分半定量分析表明,壮骨颗粒组骨折愈合速度明显快于伤科接骨片组,生理盐水组(P<0.05);I型胶原蛋白免疫组化结果显示壮骨颗粒组I型胶原阳性结果明显比伤科接骨片组、生理盐水组强(P<0.05);壮骨颗粒组血管生成明显多于伤科接骨片组、生理盐水组。结论:壮骨颗粒有明显促进骨痂形成和促进新生血管形成作用。     

Early–Mid Ordovician Yangtzeella (Syntrophiidina, Brachiopoda) and its evolutionary significance

Abstract:  Re-examination of newly collected topotype material confirms that the type species of Yangtzeella , Y .  poloi , a widespread Early and Mid Ordovician syntrophiidine brachiopod in South China, has a finely costellate shell rather than being smooth as previously thought. Thus, the subgenus Yangtzeella ( Vadimella ) Nikitina et   al ., established on the basis of fine costellae, is invalidated. Among 15 species of Yangtzeella , five species are recognized as valid based on multivariate analyses: Y .  poloi , Y .  unsulcata , Y .  songziensis , Y .  kueiyangensis and Y .  igori , among which the type species was the oldest known. Six are synonymized: Y .  septata , Y .  reticulata , Y .  lensiformis , Y .  depressa , Y .  yichangensis and Y .  minuta . Four are rejected from Yangtzeella : Y .  extensa , Y .  similior , Y .  yohi and Y .  poloi var. minor . Regional biostratigraphy indicates that Yangtzeella first appeared in a relatively deep-water setting on the Lower Yangtze Platform (South China palaeoplate) during late Tremadoc time ( Scolopodus warendensis conodont biozone) and then expanded to the deeper Jiangnan Slope as well as to the shallower Upper Yangtze Platform. The genus experienced two episodes of heightened abundance and diversity on the Upper Yangtze Platform during late Dapingian and mid Darriwilian times, respectively. Outside South China, Yangtzeella occurs sporadically in a few microplates or terranes, such as Tarim, Chu-Ili (southern Kazakhstan) and Taurides (southern Turkey) during the Dapingian and Darriwilian. Worldwide, Yangtzeella became extinct by the end of the Darriwilian.     

丹江口水库消落带土壤种子库与地上植被和环境的关系

以丹江口水库消落带为研究区域,利用层次聚类法将海拔140～145 m区域内37个样地的土壤种子库分为6个组,比较不同组间的种子库物种组成、密度及多样性指数之间的差异;利用相似性指数分析土壤种子库与地上植被的差异;运用主成分分析和多元回归分析土壤种子库密度与地上植被、环境因素的关系.结果表明: 在丹江口水库消落带同海拔区域内,土壤种子库在物种组成上呈明显的异质性,不同组间的种子库密度、多样性指数均存在显著差异;土壤种子库与地上植被的差异较大,而且土壤种子库中的物种数明显少于地上植被中的物种数;土壤种子库密度与地上植被盖度、地上物种数和土壤质地呈显著正相关,而与田间持水量和土壤孔隙度呈显著负相关.     

神农箭竹开花前后植物体内N、P、K元素的动态

对神农箭竹(Fargesia murielae)N、P、K的含量进行分析,结果表明:N、P、K在竹子植物体内呈非均匀分布。N和P在各器官中的分布规律为:叶>鞭、根>竿;K在未开花竹和正开花竹中分布规律为:鞭>根>叶>竿,在已开花竹中分布规律为:叶>鞭>竿>根。随着开花过程的进行,N的含量在叶、竿、鞭和根等器官中逐渐减少;P的含量在竿、鞭和根等器官中逐渐降低,在叶片中先升高后降低;K的含量在鞭和根中呈下降趋势,在竿和叶中先降低后升高。     

Sex differences in morphine-induced behavioral sensitization and social behaviors in ICR mice

Gender and genetic strain are two prominent variants that influence drug abuse. Although certain sexrelated behavioral responses have been previously characterized in ICR mice, little is known about the effects of sex on morphine-induced behavioral responses in this outbred strain. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the sex differences of morphine-induced locomotion, anxiety-like and social behaviors in ICR mice. After morphine or saline exposure for four consecutive days(twice daily), increased locomotion, more time spent in the central area, as well as attenuated rearing and self-grooming behaviors were found in morphine-treated females in an open field; no differences were found in locomotion and the time spent in the central area between male and female controls. When interacting with the samesex individuals, female controls were engaged in more social investigation, following, body contacting and self-grooming behaviors than controls; morphine exposure reduced contacting and self-grooming behaviors in females; in contrast, these effects were not found in males. These results indicate that female ICR mice are more prosocial and are more susceptible to morphine exposure than males.     

建立H5N1流感病毒感染雪貂动物模型

目的建立甲型H5N1流感病毒感染雪貂动物模型[1-3]。方法 H5N1流感病毒株A/Vietnam/1203/2004病毒以103和104 TCID50滴度分别感染雪貂。对4～10月龄去势雪貂经兽用氯胺酮轻度麻醉后进行滴鼻感染,每个稀释度接种3只雪貂,感染后第5天安乐处死。感染后每天记录雪貂一般临床变化。感染前0 d采集鼻甲骨活检,感染后1～5 d鼻甲骨活检检测病毒载量和病毒滴度。处死时取雪貂气管、肺、心、肝、脾、肾、小肠、脑组织作病毒滴度检测和病理检查。结果 H5N1103和104 TCID50的病毒分别感染雪貂,雪貂死亡都率在33%。103TCID50和104 TCID50病毒分别感染雪貂,动物都出现持续3 d体温升高,104 TCID50组出现超过20%的体重下降。上呼吸道排毒呈现上升趋势,并可在除呼吸系统以外的组织器官中分离到病毒。感染的雪貂病理表现为重度肺炎。结论雪貂感染H5N1病毒株后在临床表现、病毒学、分子生物学、病理学方面的检测都可以证实雪貂感染H5N1病毒动物模型已建立,104 TCID50病毒滴度是一个建立感染动物模型比较合适的剂量。