L-精氨酸测定方法的研究

就放置时间、温度、盐类对精氨酸坂口试剂测定法的影响进行研究,得出结论：Ｔ＝２０．５℃,放置时间为４０ｍｉｎ及加入０．１ｍｇ／ｍＬ的盐溶液对标准曲线进行校正,使此测定方法准确度提高。     

番茄果实中焦磷酸：果糖－6－磷酸1－磷酸转移酶的两种亚基特性的探讨

番茄果实由绿转红的过程中,焦磷酸：果糖－６－磷酸１－磷酸转移酶（ＰＦＰ）的酸型发生转化。在体外通过胰蛋白酶处理部分纯化的番茄绿果实中ＰＦＰ来探讨酶型转化的原因。蛋白免疫印渍结果证实ＰＦＰ的α－亚基比β－亚基更容易受到胰蛋白酶的降解,这也是ＰＦＰ经胰蛋白酶处理后酵解与生糖活性下降的原因。然而ＰＦＰ的亚基经尿素解离后,以胰蛋白酶处理的蛋白免疫印渍分析却表明ＰＦＰ的两种亚基均被胰蛋白酶更加有效地降解,显然α－亚基在ＰＦＰ的高级结构中有更多的酶切位点外露,而β－亚基上的酶切酶点可能位于分子的内部受到有效的保护。     

Sema4D/Plexin-B1 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma cells by activating Pyk2-PI3K-AKT pathway

Objectives:Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the two most common malignant bone tumors among children and teens but it is still a rare disorder. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) has been reported to play a specific role in human cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the function of Sema4D in the tumorigenesis and development of OS.Methods:10 pairs of OS tissues and paracancerous normal tissues from human OS samples and OS cell lines were used. Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein expression of Sema4D, Plexin-B1, and associated proteins of Pyk2-PI3K/AKT pathway. To explore the effect of Sema4D in the progression of OS, we reduced the expression of Sema4D. The effect of Sema4D knockdown on cell proliferation was explored by CCK-8 assay and clone formation assay. The effect of Sema4D knockdown on cell migration and invasion was assessed by Transwell assay.Results:Sema4D was overexpressed in OS tissues and cell lines. Sema4D knockdown notably suppressed cell proliferation in OS cells. Cell migration and invasion were reduced by Sema4D knockdown. Sema4D/Plexin-B1 facilitated OS, progression by promoting Pyk2-PI3K/AKT pathway.Conclusion:Sema4D/Plexin-B1 promoted the development of OS so Sema4D might be a potential target of treatment for patients with OS.     

抑癌基因和肿瘤转移

目前肿瘤治疗最棘手的问题,莫过于肿瘤细胞对传统治疗药物的抗性和肿瘤转移,所以,进一步研究肿瘤细胞的抗药性和转移的分子基础,已成为提高肿瘤治疗和预后的热点问题。本文就肿瘤转移过程中抑癌基因变化的研究进展作一介绍。肿瘤转移是个有多种基因参与的过程。在此过...     

夷陵地区异质景观对松材线虫病的抵抗力及生态风险分析

以宜昌市夷陵地区为研究区域,探讨在疫区通过异质性的景观控制松材线虫病扩散流行的方法及当前疫区的生态风险.结合景观生态学和森林保护学理论,基于松材线虫病生物学特征和现有土地利用类型,经过重分类,构建了夷陵区景观格局,并以景观格局指数为评价指标,通过空间分析和克里金插值法对夷陵区生态风险进行评价.结果表明,研究区异质性景观...     

XeCl准分子紫外激光辐照生物大分子BSA(V)对其蛋白质结构的影响

XeCl(308 nm)准分子紫外激光(单脉冲输出能量25 mJ,33.3 mJ~34.4 mJ,脉冲频率每秒两次,光斑15 mm×7 mm或4.5 mm×0.5 mm,透镜焦距300 mm),辐照小牛血清白蛋白[bovine serum albumin fraction V,BSA(V)]固体或溶液样品的时间分别为15 s、30 s、45 s或60 s;样品距激光光源的距离分别为:150 mm、250mm、290 mm、340 mm。改变激光参量辐照BSA(V)样品和其对照,用光谱法测试其FT-IR(IR)、Vis-UV(UV)、FR光谱,并比较分析。受辐照后的BSA(V)与主链构象相关的酰胺平面的特征FT-IR谱线,特别是与蛋白质二级结构敏感的酰胺面Ⅰ,1 652 cm-1;与α-螺旋结构相关的FT-IR 1 140 cm-1~500 cm-1;及与蛋白质侧链氨基酸残基Tyr、Phe、Trp相关的特征峰UV277.6 nm、UV216 nm和FR 340 nm、FR 680 nm的峰强度(T%或OD%或Q%)和它们的峰位(cm-1或nm)均受激光辐照的影响,其影响程度与使用的XeCl激光参量的改变有一定的敏感性和相关性。实验结果与讨论对认识激光生物学效应的分子机理、探索建立激光-生物学效应的关系参数,以便进一步发现新的有效的激光生物学效应,发现和认识潜在(后继)的正、负面的激光生物学效应,进而加以调控有一定的理论与实用参考价值。     

TGF-β1短时处理降低肝癌细胞与Fn的粘附及FAK的磷酸化

为了研究TGF-β1对α5β1整合蛋白所介导的信号转导通路是否有快速的信号调节作用,本文用TGF-β1短时(10min)处理SMMC7721细胞,发现当经TGFβ1预处理的细胞与Fn粘附时,细胞与Fn的粘附力下降,由Fn与整合蛋白的结合而诱导发生的FAK的酪氨酸磷酸化随着TGF-β1浓度的增加而降低。而TGF-β1短时处理并未改变整合蛋白α5、β1亚基的表达。此外,贴壁生长于培养皿的细胞的FAK磷酸化程度在TGF-β1短时处理后也下降,甚至检测不出。提示TGF-β1可能通过某种信号通路快速调节了整合蛋白与配体的亲和力以及下游信号分子FAK的磷酸化。从而影响了细胞内骨架蛋白结构的完整性,使细胞发生去极性化,有利于细胞在迁移早期的松脱。     

Dynamic Expression of Novel MiRNA Candidates and MiRNA-34 Family Members in Early- to Mid-Gestational Fetal Keratinocytes Contributes to Scarless Wound Healing by Targeting the TGF-β Pathway

BackgroundEarly- to mid-gestational fetal mammalian skin wounds heal rapidly and without scarring. Keratinocytes (KCs) have been found to exert important effects on the regulation of fibroblasts. There may be significant differences of gestational fetal KCs at different ages. The advantages in early- to mid-gestational fetal KCs could lead to fetal scarless wound healing.MethodsKCs from six human fetal skin samples were divided into two groups: a mid-gestation group (less than 28 weeks of gestational age) and a late-gestation group (more than 28 weeks of gestational age). RNA extracted from KCs was used to prepare a library of small RNAs for next-generation sequencing (NGS). To uncover potential novel microRNA (miRNAs), the mirTools 2.0 web server was used to identify candidate novel human miRNAs from the NGS data. Other bioinformatical analyses were used to further validate the novel miRNAs. The expression levels of the miRNAs were further confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.ResultsA total of 61.59 million reads were mapped to 1,170 known human miRNAs in miRBase. Among a total of 202 potential novel miRNAs uncovered, 106 candidates have a higher probability of being novel human miRNAs. A total of 110 miRNAs, including 22 novel miRNA candidates, were significantly differently expressed between mid- and late-gestational fetal KCs. Thirty-three differentially expressed miRNAs and miR-34 family members are correlated with the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway.ConclusionsTaken together, our results provide compelling evidence supporting the existence of 106 novel miRNAs and the dynamic expression of miRNAs that extensively targets the TGF-β pathway at different gestational ages in fetal KCs. MiRNAs showing altered expression at different gestational ages in fetal KCs may contribute to scarless wound healing in early- to mid-gestational fetal KCs, and thus may be new targets for potential scar prevention and reduction therapies.     

硫化铜纳米粒子应用于肿瘤诊断和治疗的研究进展

癌症是当今威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一。近年来提出的近红外光介导的光热治疗,能够对肿瘤组织进行定点清除并且对正常组织具有较低的毒副作用,为肿瘤的治疗提供了新的方法。开发具有良好生物相容性的高效光热偶联剂是发展光热治疗的首要条件。随着纳米技术的飞速发展,一些金属纳米结构由于具有独特的光学特性作为光热偶联剂被广泛应用到肿瘤的光热治疗中。然而,成本高昂、制备过程繁琐以及光热稳定性较差等不足,限制了这些纳米材料的进一步应用。最新报道的新型光热偶联剂半导体硫化铜纳米粒子(copper sulfide nanoparticles,CuS NPs),由于其具有制备工艺简单、成本低廉、突出的光热稳定性和良好的生物相容性等优势,成为了当今纳米医学领域研究的热点。本文主要综述了CuS纳米粒子在肿瘤光热治疗和影像诊断方面的应用研究,并对CuS纳米粒子在生物医学领域应用中存在的问题和未来的研究方向进行了展望。