传染病临床研究信息系统的建立

目的:建立传染病临床研究信息系统,实现传染病临床研究的信息化管理.方法:按照FDA 21 CFR Part11规则,基于J2EE 技术、Struts三层体系架构以及Hibernate数据库技术,建立传染病临床研究信息系统.结果:开发了传染病临床研究信息系统,能够满足患者基本信息收集、病历管理、病情随访、目标数据挖掘及科研标本管理等多方面需求.结论:该信息系统满足传染病临床病例信息收集与科研的个性化需求,将显著增强传染病病例数据收集的效率和质量,为传染病临床与科研工作提供强有力的信息化保障.     

江西三清山浙江楠群落主要种群生态位研究

对三清山浙江楠Phoebe chekiangensis群落9个主要乔木种群的生态位特征进行研究,采用Shannon-Wiener指数和Hurlbert指数测定群落中主要种群生态位宽度和生态位重叠。结果显示,毛竹Phyllostachys heterocycla、枫香Liquidambar formosana、棕榈Trachcarpus fortunei和浙江楠的生态位宽度较大;枫杨Pterocarya stenoptera、油茶Camellia oleifera、苦槠Castanopsis sclerophylla、梅Armeniaca mume和青冈栎Cyclobalanopsis glauca的生态位宽度较小。青冈栎与苦槠种对生态位重叠最大,毛竹或枫香与梅种对最小。表明种群生态位宽度值越大,对环境的适应能力就越强,对资源的利用能力也就越强;生态位重叠值越高,种对的生态位相似性越大,资源利用的相似程度越强;种对生态位宽度值大一般生态位重叠值就大,种对生态位宽度值小,在相同或相似环境条件下的生态位重叠值也较大,种对生态位宽度值差异大的生态位重叠值较小。     

A stable and differentiable RNA positive control for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

Most RNA positive controls currently used for monitoring the quality of RT-PCR assays have some disadvantages, such as instability, inability to monitor the quality of the relevant primers and/or causing indifferentiable false positives. To avoid these disadvantages, a simple method to prepare stable and differentiable RNA positive controls is now demonstrated with a real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of Nipah virus (NiV). A DNA sequence which was shorter than its counterpart in the NiV genome and contained the binding sites of the primers of the RT-PCR assay was designed, synthesized and inserted into a vector, and then amplified by PCR with two vector-specific primers both of which contained a T7 promoter at the 5' terminal. The RNA positive control was the dsRNA in vitro transcribed from the PCR amplicons flanked by two T7 promoters. The RNA positive control was stable and able to monitor the quality of the whole concerned RT-PCR assay. False positives caused by contaminations of the RNA positive control or its amplicons could be easily identified because the amplicons of the RNA positive control were obviously shorter than those of real positive samples. Thus, the RNA positive control reported in this study avoided some common disadvantages of current RNA positive controls.     

夏季舍饲散养环境下三个发育期小尾寒羊的行为差异

为提高规模化舍饲养羊系统中舍内环境和动物福利水平,有必要建立动物行为量化指标体系作为一种良好操作性的反馈评价工具。2003年夏季,在内蒙古赤峰市郊区一个规模化舍饲养羊场,对小尾寒羊3个生理发育期(羔羊、怀孕母羊和哺乳母羊)的个体行为作了连续观察和记录。结果表明:(1)小尾寒羊个体行为谱主要由饮食、反刍、休息和运动4种行为构成,各占总观察时间的29·18%、28·37%、31·51%和10·21%,而其他行为合计时间仅占0·71%。3个发育期小尾寒羊饮食、反刍、休息和运动的持续时间均有极显著差异(Kruskal-WallisHtests,P<0·001)。(2)3个发育期小尾寒羊反刍和休息时有躺卧和站立两种姿势,选择躺卧姿势的时间显著多于站立姿势(Wilcoxontest,P<0·001)。(3)怀孕母羊在一天中温度明显变化(21~23、25~27、29~31℃)时,选择躺卧行为的比例分别是31·03%、75·00%、97·13%,三者差异显著(Friedmantest,P<0·05)。(4)日温在27~31℃(12:00~17:00)时,怀孕母羊在通风较好、且无室外阳光照射的区域躺卧的比例从66%上升到83%,选择其他区域躺卧的比例从31%下降到14%,两个区域躺卧个体数差异显著(McNemartest,P<0·0001)。以上结果说明,不同生理阶段小尾寒羊的个体行为时间分配具有明显差异;夏日环境温度对小尾寒羊的行为及其姿势选择有显著效应,而且影响怀孕母羊对躺卧区选择的喜好。提示,小尾寒羊舍饲散养系统提供的分异环境是导致羔羊与成体羊显现不同行为时间格局的原因之一,怀孕母羊作出高温回避的自然反应的前提是要有适宜容量的个体空间,这是设施养殖生产管理者应该考虑的。     

一种适合粉虱实验观察的新型微虫笼

介绍了一种适合粉虱实验观察的新型微虫笼。该微虫笼利用具盖塑料杯、条形发夹等材料制作而成,底部直径3 0mm ,高约3 5mm ,单个重量约5g。虫笼可开启的底板上特制一小圆孔,便于接入粉虱成虫。可将单头或小群体粉虱罩在植物叶片上饲养观察,使用方便。可用于粉虱的基本生物学特性、寄主植物适应性、交配行为以及饲毒和传毒等试验研究。     

A crucial role for Galphaq/11, but not Galphai/o or Galphas, in gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor-mediated cell growth inhibition

GnRH acts on its cognate receptor in pituitary gonadotropes to regulate the biosynthesis and secretion of gonadotropins. It may also have direct extrapituitary actions, including inhibition of cell growth in reproductive malignancies, in which GnRH activation of the MAPK cascades is thought to play a pivotal role. In extrapituitary tissues, GnRH receptor signaling has been postulated to involve coupling of the receptor to different G proteins. We examined the ability of the GnRH receptor to couple directly to Galpha(q/11), Galpha(i/o), and Galpha(s), their roles in the activation of the MAPK cascades, and the subsequent cellular effects. We show that in Galpha(q/11)-negative cells stably expressing the GnRH receptor, GnRH did not induce activation of ERK, jun-N-terminal kinase, or P38 MAPK. In contrast to Galpha(i) or chimeric Galpha(qi5), transfection of Galpha(q) cDNA enabled GnRH to induce phosphorylation of ERK, jun-N-terminal kinase, and P38. Furthermore, no GnRH-mediated cAMP response or inhibition of isoproterenol-induced cAMP accumulation was observed. In another cellular background, [35S]GTPgammaS binding assays confirmed that the GnRH receptor was unable to directly couple to Galpha(i) but could directly interact with Galpha(q/11). Interestingly, GnRH stimulated a marked reduction in cell growth only in cells expressing Galpha(q), and this inhibition could be significantly rescued by blocking ERK activation. We therefore provide direct evidence, in multiple cellular backgrounds, that coupling of the GnRH receptor to Galpha(q/11), but not to Galpha(i/o) or Galpha(s), and consequent activation of ERK plays a crucial role in GnRH-mediated cell death.     

'红香芋'茎尖玻璃化法保存条件的筛选

In order to screen suitable vitrification conservation conditions for shoot tip of Colocasia esculenta'Hongxiangyu', pre?culture, vitrification protection and thawing conditions were compared. The results show that with increasing of sucrose concentration in the medium and extending of pre?culture time, survival rate of shoot tip increases gradually. After different loaded and dehydrated measures, water content in shoot tip is lower than that of the control, while survival rate of shoot tip increases significantly than that of the control. Thawing for 1-2 min at 40℃-60℃ generally has no significant effect on survival rate of shoot tip. Suitable cryopreservation steps of vitrification as follows: shoot tip pre?cultured for 3 d in medium with 06 mol·L-1 sucrose firstly, then loaded for 30 min in 60% PVS2, dehydrated for 15 min in PVS2, put in PVS2 and conserved in liquid nitrogen, and shoot tip thawed for 1-2 min in 40 ℃.     

白细胞衍生趋化因子2及其受体介导的信号通路与疾病

白细胞衍生趋化因子2(leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2,LECT2)属于肽酶M23家族,是具有趋化作用的蛋白质。LECT2能趋化免疫细胞吞噬病原微生物,抑制癌细胞的迁移,对多种疾病如肝癌、败血症、动脉粥样硬化均有重要作用。为了深入了解LECT2在疾病中的作用机制,本文对LECT2基因和蛋白质的结构、与间质表皮转化因子(mesenchymal epithelial transition factor, MET)、C型凝集素等受体的识别机制,在β-联蛋白、Wnt等信号通路中的调节作用,以及与多种疾病的关系进行综述。     

中国红豆杉悬浮培养细胞的超低温保存

对中国红豆杉悬浮细胞超低温保存中几个主要因素进行多方面对比研究。结果表明,取培养16d的细胞进行超低温保存效果最好,10％DMSO＋8％葡萄糖作为冰冻保护剂对冷冻细胞起到最佳的保护效果;较好的降温程序是在0℃中预处理30min后移入－20℃中停留180min,然后转入－70℃中停留30min,最后投入－196℃液氮中保存。该实验还对保存后细胞的恢复性生长进行了验证。