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61.
利用染色体配对分析和酯酶及种子醇溶蛋白电泳分析研究了我国育成的11个八倍体小偃麦,结果表明:(a)来源于小麦和中间偃麦草杂交后代的6个部分双二倍体中,中1和中2的偃麦草染色体组不同于中3、中4、中5和小偃78829的偃麦草染色体组;(b)来源于小麦和长穗偃麦草杂交后代的5个部分双二倍体中,小偃784的偃麦草染色体组不同于小偃693和小偃7631中的偃麦草染色体组,表明在长穗偃麦草中有两个互不相同又不同于小麦的染色体组E和F,而小偃7430和小偃68中的偃麦草染色体组很可能是E和F染色体组的重组体;(c)小偃784中的长穗偃麦草染色体组和中5及小偃78829中的中间偃麦草染色体组基本相同,而中2的中间偃麦草染色体组不同于小偃693和小偃7631中的长穗偃麦草染色体组F,这意味着在长穗偃麦草和中间偃麦草中可能只有一个共同的染色体组E。部分双二倍体中酯酶及醇溶蛋白偃麦草染色体特征带的存在和发现,为这些染色体或其片段导入小麦后的鉴定提供了方便。 相似文献
62.
观察了hFPIL6/2对6.5Gyγ线照射NIH小鼠第10天造血功能恢复的影响。结果表明:照射小鼠连续4d给予hFPIL6/2250μg·kg-1·d-1,其脾重、CFU-8、骨髓有核细胞数及CM-CFU分别比对照组增加59.0%、278.5%、57.9%和138.2%,统计学处理均有显著差异;对此四项指标的改善也明显优于25μg组。另外,250μg剂量组小鼠外周血象30d的动态观察结果表明,hFPIL6/2不但能明显提高红细胞和血红蛋白的最低值,而且能使血小板的恢复提前。提示hFPIL6/2在促进血小板生成和促进红系造血方面可能具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
63.
天花粉蛋白与FMP复合物的晶体结构 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
用浸泡法得到了天花粉蛋白(TCS)与FMP复合物的晶体,在SIMENNSX-200B面探测器系统上收集了一套2.0分辨率的X射线衍射数据。用同晶差值傅立叶法解析了复合物的结构,经X—PLOR程序修正得到了TCS—FMP复合物的分子结构并找出了197个水分子,最后的R因子为0.172,键长和键角的RMS偏差分别为0.015和2.922度。TCS—FMP复合物中,FMP与天花粉蛋白分子有较好的结合,其结合位置正处于根据三维结构和突变体信息推测的N一糖苷酶活性口袋之中。它的类嘌呤环夹在Y70和Y111两个侧链环之间,与Y70环近乎平行,其N7和N6分别与TCS分子的G1094羰基氧和I71的N成氢键,N3靠近R163的侧链,其磷酸根则伸向活性口袋的底部,与E189、E160和R163等残基作用。 相似文献
64.
Three overlapping lct genes involved in L-lactate utilization by Escherichia coli. 总被引:10,自引:7,他引:3
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In Escherichia coli, the lct locus at min 80 on the chromosome map is associated with ability to grow on L-lactate and to synthesize a substrate-inducible flavin-linked dehydrogenase. Similar to that of the glpD-encoded aerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, the level of induced enzyme activity is elevated by aerobiosis. Both of these controls are mediated by the two-component signal transduction system ArcB/ArcA, although sensitivity to the control is much more striking for L-lactate dehydrogenase. This study disclosed that the lct locus contained three overlapping genes in the clockwise order of lctD (encoding a flavin mononucleotide-dependent dehydrogenase), lctR (encoding a putative regulator), and lctP (encoding a permease) on the chromosomal map. These genes, however, are transcribed in the counterclockwise direction. No homology in amino acid sequence was found between aerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase. A phi (lctD-lac) mutant was inducible by L-lactate but not D-lactate. Although the mutant lost the ability to grow on L-lactate, growth on D-lactate, known to depend on a different enzyme, remained normal. 相似文献
65.
The rates of canopy apparent photosynthesis (PC) and canopy respiration (Rc) were studied during vegetation season in two erectophile and two planophile hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.) grown at two canopy densities [7.5 plants m-2 (HD) and 4.5 plants m-2 (LD)]. Large differences in PC, Rc, RC/PC, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation and grain yield were found among hybrids and plant densities. Variations in PC and RC were associated mainly with changes in LAI. There was also found change in PC per unit LAI with time. The average RC/PC was 28.9 % for all treatments throughout the vegetation season. PC and RC per unit dry matter were higher in LD than in HD and decreased throughout the measurement period. The HD stand had higher PC and yield in hybrids with erectophile foliage, whereas LD stand had higher PC after male tetrad and got higher yield in hybrids with planophile foliage. Only RC in hybrids of the two foliage types was higher under HD than under LD throughout the vegetation period. 相似文献
66.
食蚜绒螨对棉花苗蚜的控制作用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过2年的田间调查和小区试验发现:(1)食蚜绒螨与被寄生的棉蚜有翅蚜和无翅蚜在时间—数量分布上具相似性。(2)棉蚜带螨率结果说明,50%有翅蚜可被迁入初期杀死,可使大部分棉蚜繁殖力下降或不能生殖;(3)棉田播种前施肥、浅翻,对食蚜绒螨的发生量不具明显影响;(4)食蚜螨在棉田期其他棉蚜天敌缺少的情况下,填补了此期控蚜天敌时间生态位的空缺,成为棉田生态系统中不可缺少的一员。 相似文献
67.
Andrew F. Feldman Daniel J. Short Gianotti Jianzhi Dong Isabel F. Trigo Guido D. Salvucci Dara Entekhabi 《Global Change Biology》2023,29(1):110-125
Vegetation cover creates competing effects on land surface temperature: it typically cools through enhancing energy dissipation and warms via decreasing surface albedo. Global vegetation has been previously found to overall net cool land surfaces with cooling contributions from temperate and tropical vegetation and warming contributions from boreal vegetation. Recent studies suggest that dryland vegetation across the tropics strongly contributes to this global net cooling feedback. However, observation-based vegetation-temperature interaction studies have been limited in the tropics, especially in their widespread drylands. Theoretical considerations also call into question the ability of dryland vegetation to strongly cool the surface under low water availability. Here, we use satellite observations to investigate how tropical vegetation cover influences the surface energy balance. We find that while increased vegetation cover would impart net cooling feedbacks across the tropics, net vegetal cooling effects are subdued in drylands. Using observations, we determine that dryland plants have less ability to cool the surface due to their cooling pathways being reduced by aridity, overall less efficient dissipation of turbulent energy, and their tendency to strongly increase solar radiation absorption. As a result, while proportional greening across the tropics would create an overall biophysical cooling feedback, dryland tropical vegetation reduces the overall tropical surface cooling magnitude by at least 14%, instead of enhancing cooling as suggested by previous global studies. 相似文献
68.
本文采用系列凝集素柱层析法,并配合外切糖苷酶处理研究了在视黄酸(RA)作用1—5天过程中人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721细胞表面N糖链结构的变化。结果表明,RA促进3~H-甘露糖(Man)参入细胞表面N糖链,使高甘露糖型N糖链的百分比下降,复杂型百分比上升,并促进二天线N糖链的生物合成,使多天线特别是四天线和C_2,C_(21)b三天线N糖链的合成减少。结果提示,N糖链结构的这些变化可能是RA诱导SMMC-7721细胞向正常方向分化的结果。 相似文献
69.
Yuheng Chen Yongbin Wu Yuran Dong Yao Li Zhiwei Ge Oduro George Gang Feng Lingfeng Mao 《Diversity & distributions》2023,29(2):232-243
Aim
Understanding how species' traits and environmental contexts relate to extinction risk is a critical priority for ecology and conservation biology. This study aims to identify and explore factors related to extinction risk between herbaceous and woody angiosperms to facilitate more effective conservation and management strategies and understand the interactions between environmental threats and species' traits.Location
China.Taxon
Angiosperms.Methods
We obtained a large dataset including five traits, six extrinsic variables, and 796,118 occurrence records for 14,888 Chinese angiosperms. We assessed the phylogenetic signal and used phylogenetic generalized least squares regressions to explore relationships between extinction risk, plant traits, and extrinsic variables in woody and herbaceous angiosperms. We also used phylogenetic path analysis to evaluate causal relationships among traits, climate variables, and extinction risk of different growth forms.Results
The phylogenetic signal of extinction risk differed among woody and herbaceous species. Angiosperm extinction risk was mainly affected by growth form, altitude, mean annual temperature, normalized difference vegetation index, and precipitation change from 1901 to 2020. Woody species' extinction risk was strongly affected by height and precipitation, whereas extinction risk for herbaceous species was mainly affected by mean annual temperature rather than plant traits.Main conclusions
Woody species were more likely to have higher extinction risks than herbaceous species under climate change and extinction threat levels varied with both plant traits and extrinsic variables. The relationships we uncovered may help identify and protect threatened plant species and the ecosystems that rely on them. 相似文献70.
黄花棘豆的喹诺里西定生物碱 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
豆科棘豆属有毒植物含多种有毒生物碱,有关棘豆属中生物碱成分的研究,早在1929年Couch由兰伯氏棘豆(Oxytropis lambertii DC.)中分离到一种多羟基化的含氮有机化合物,这是最早报道由棘豆属植物中分离出的生物碱成分,由于当时条件限制未能确定其结构。1982年美国农业部西部研究中心的植物化学家Molyneux从绢毛棘豆(Oxytropis sericea)中分离到苦马豆碱(swainsonine)等吲哚里西定生物碱(indolizidinealkaloids);1989年沈阳药学院于荣敏等由小花棘豆(Oxytropis glabra DC.)中分离出多种喹诺里西定生物碱。喹诺里西定生物碱具有多种生理活性,对试验动物中枢神经系统产生抑制,呼吸抑制或兴奋,致幻、流产和致畸等作用。本文报道由黄花棘豆(Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge)中测得4种喹诺里西定生物碱。 相似文献