全文获取类型
收费全文 | 713篇 |
免费 | 38篇 |
专业分类
751篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 56篇 |
2012年 | 45篇 |
2011年 | 48篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 42篇 |
2008年 | 33篇 |
2007年 | 40篇 |
2006年 | 43篇 |
2005年 | 36篇 |
2004年 | 35篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有751条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
201.
202.
Yoshihiro Ueda Nobumoto Miyashita Kiyohiro Imai Yasunori Yamaguchi Katsumi Takamura Masaaki Notohara Toshihiko Shiroishi Tsuyoshi Kawashima Lei Ning Chunyan Wang Xiaomei Wu Kazuo Moriwaki 《Mammalian genome》1999,10(9):879-882
Haplotypes of the beta-globin gene complex (Hbb) in laboratory mice have been defined as d, p, and s. We previously found a new haplotype w1 in wild mice collected from northwestern China. This study analyzed the nucleotide sequences of b1 and b2-globin gene cDNAs of both the p and w1 haplotypes, in comparison with those of the d haplotype. In Hbb-b1 cDNA, six base substitutions were found between the d and w1 haplotypes and also between p and w1, but none existed between d and p. In Hbb-b2 cDNA, three base substitutions were found between the d and w1 haplotypes and also between d and p, but none between p and w1. This result indicated that the Hbb gene complex of the p haplotype carries b1
d
and b2
w1
genes and is probably a recombinant between d and w1 haplotypes. The hemoglobin containing the W1 phenotype showed oxygen-binding properties identical with those of the hemoglobins
containing D and P phenotypes.
Received: 5 January 1999 / Accepted: 5 April 1999 相似文献
203.
Yoshichika Takamura Masami Soejima Torahiko Aoyama 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(2):207-216
Malonate added to peptone-meat extract medium has been shown to induce maleate cis-trans isomerase in Alcaligenes faecalis IB-l4. This enzyme played an indispensable role in the enzymatic production of L-aspartic acid from maleic acid and ammonia.Though malonate in the medium inhibited the growth of A. faecalis IB-14 to some extent, cells grown in the medium containing 10-1 M of malonate showed the highest level of the enzyme activity. Specific activity of the enzyme of malonate-grown cells was approximately ten times as strong as that of maleate-grown cells, while, in basal mediumgrown cells, cis-trans isomerization of maleate did not occur at all. Maleate was utilized not only as carbon source of the cell growth but also as inducer for the formation of maleate cis-trans isomerase. On the other hand, malonate was not utilized as carbon source and the metabolism of it within the cell was rather restricted within narrow limits. Thus it was concluded that malonate was a gratuitous inducer for the formation of the enzyme, while maleate, which was considerably metabolized, was normal inducer.It was demonstrated that most of radioactivity of l-C14-malonate taken up by cells was localized in particle fraction which sedimented at 105,000×g for 120 minutes, whereas radioactivity of 1-4-C14-maleate was uniformly distributed in both particulate and soluble fractions. Maleate cis-trans isomerase activity, in turn, was detected exclusively in soluble fraction in both malonate and maleate induced cells. 相似文献
204.
205.
Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase1 is a key membrane-bound regulator of abscisic acid early signaling in Arabidopsis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Osakabe Y Maruyama K Seki M Satou M Shinozaki K Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K 《The Plant cell》2005,17(4):1105-1119
Abscisic acid (ABA) is important in seed maturation, seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and stress response. Many genes that function in ABA signal transduction pathways have been identified. However, most important signaling molecules involved in the perception of the ABA signal or with ABA receptors have not been identified yet. Receptor-like kinase1 (RPK1), a Leu-rich repeat (LRR) receptor kinase in the plasma membrane, is upregulated by ABA in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we show the phenotypes of T-DNA insertion mutants and RPK1-antisense plants. Repression of RPK1 expression in Arabidopsis decreased sensitivity to ABA during germination, growth, and stomatal closure; microarray and RNA gel analysis showed that many ABA-inducible genes are downregulated in these plants. Furthermore, overexpression of the RPK1 LRR domain alone or fused with the Brassinosteroid-insensitive1 kinase domain in plants resulted in phenotypes indicating ABA sensitivity. RPK1 is involved in the main ABA signaling pathway and in early ABA perception in Arabidopsis. 相似文献
206.
Andreas Maercker Chris R. Brewin Richard A. Bryant Marylene Cloitre Mark van Ommeren Lynne M. Jones Asma Humayan Ashraf Kagee Augusto E. Llosa Cécile Rousseau Daya J. Somasundaram Renato Souza Yuriko Suzuki Inka Weissbecker Simon C. Wessely Michael B. First Geoffrey M. Reed 《World psychiatry》2013,12(3):198-206
The diagnostic concepts of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other disorders specifically associated with stress have been intensively discussed among neuro‐ and social scientists, clinicians, epidemiologists, public health planners and humanitarian aid workers around the world. PTSD and adjustment disorder are among the most widely used diagnoses in mental health care worldwide. This paper describes proposals that aim to maximize clinical utility for the classification and grouping of disorders specifically associated with stress in the forthcoming 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11). Proposals include a narrower concept for PTSD that does not allow the diagnosis to be made based entirely on non‐specific symptoms; a new complex PTSD category that comprises three clusters of intra‐ and interpersonal symptoms in addition to core PTSD symptoms; a new diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder, used to describe patients that undergo an intensely painful, disabling, and abnormally persistent response to bereavement; a major revision of “adjustment disorder” involving increased specification of symptoms; and a conceptualization of “acute stress reaction” as a normal phenomenon that still may require clinical intervention. These proposals were developed with specific considerations given to clinical utility and global applicability in both low‐ and high‐income countries. 相似文献
207.
Watanabe C Miura S Hokari R Teramoto K Ogino T Komoto S Hara Y Koseki S Tsuzuki Y Nagata H Granger DN Ishii H 《American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology》2002,283(6):G1379-G1387
Relatively little is known about how recirculation of lymphocytes through the inflamed intestinal mucosa is regulated. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic process of T lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion in TNF-alpha-challenged murine colonic mucosa by intravital microscopy. T lymphocytes from spleen (SPL) and intestinal lamina propria (LPL) were fluorescence labeled, and their adhesion to microvessels in the colonic mucosa was observed. In TNF-alpha (25 microg/kg)-stimulated colonic venules, an enhanced adhesion of SPL and LPL was demonstrated, with dominant recruitment of LPLs. The magnitude of the increased LPL adhesion was more significant in the colon than in the small intestine. These T lymphocyte interactions in the colonic mucosa were significantly reduced by blocking MAbs against either mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), VCAM-1, alpha(4)-integrin, or beta(7)-integrin but not by anti-ICAM-1. Immunohistochemistry revealed significant MAdCAM-1 expression in the lamina propria and VCAM-1 expression in the submucosa of TNF-alpha-treated colon. Spatial heterogeneity of MAdCAM-1 and VCAM-1 activation following TNF-alpha challenge may promote specific T lymphocyte recruitment in the inflamed colonic mucosa. 相似文献
208.
Toriba T Harada K Takamura A Nakamura H Ichikawa H Suzaki T Hirano HY 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2007,277(5):457-468
Members of the YABBY gene family have a general role that promotes abaxial cell fate in a model eudicot, Arabidopsis thaliana. To understand the function of YABBY genes in monocots, we have isolated all YABBY genes in Oryza sativa (rice), and revealed the spatial and temporal expression pattern of one of these genes, OsYABBY1. In rice, eight YABBY genes constitute a small gene family and are classified into four groups according to sequence similarity, exon-intron structure, and organ-specific expression patterns. OsYABBY1 shows unique spatial expression patterns that have not previously been reported for other YABBY genes, so far. OsYABBY1 is expressed in putative precursor cells of both the mestome sheath in the large vascular bundle and the abaxial sclerenchyma in the leaves. In the flower, OsYABBY1 is specifically expressed in the palea and lemma from their inception, and is confined to several cell layers of these organs in the later developmental stages. The OsYABBY1-expressing domains are closely associated with cells that subsequently differentiate into sclerenchymatous cells. These findings suggest that the function of OsYABBY1 is involved in regulating the differentiation of a few specific cell types and is unrelated to polar regulation of lateral organ development. 相似文献
209.
210.