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排序方式: 共有497条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
The replication of positive-strand RNA viruses involves not only viral proteins but also multiple cellular proteins and intracellular membranes. In both plant cells and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, brome mosaic virus (BMV), a member of the alphavirus-like superfamily, replicates its RNA in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated complexes containing viral 1a and 2a proteins. Prior to negative-strand RNA synthesis, 1a localizes to ER membranes and recruits both positive-strand BMV RNA templates and the polymerase-like 2a protein to ER membranes. Here, we show that BMV RNA replication in S. cerevisiae is markedly inhibited by a mutation in the host YDJ1 gene, which encodes a chaperone Ydj1p related to Escherichia coli DnaJ. In the ydj1 mutant, negative-strand RNA accumulation was inhibited even though 1a protein associated with membranes and the positive-strand RNA3 replication template and 2a protein were recruited to membranes as in wild-type cells. In addition, we found that in ydj1 mutant cells but not wild-type cells, a fraction of 2a protein accumulated in a membrane-free but insoluble, rapidly sedimenting form. These and other results show that Ydj1p is involved in forming BMV replication complexes active in negative-strand RNA synthesis and suggest that a chaperone system involving Ydj1p participates in 2a protein folding or assembly into the active replication complex. 相似文献
102.
Tomoko Ohshima Hayashi Yamamoto Yuriko Sakamaki Chieko Saito Noboru Mizushima 《The Journal of cell biology》2022,221(10)
A ferritin particle consists of 24 ferritin proteins (FTH1 and FTL) and stores iron ions within it. During iron deficiency, ferritin particles are transported to lysosomes to release iron ions. Two transport pathways have been reported: macroautophagy and ESCRT-dependent endosomal microautophagy. Although the membrane dynamics of these pathways differ, both require NCOA4, which is thought to be an autophagy receptor for ferritin. However, it is unclear whether NCOA4 only acts as an autophagy receptor in ferritin degradation. Here, we found that ferritin particles form liquid-like condensates in a NCOA4-dependent manner. Homodimerization of NCOA4 and interaction between FTH1 and NCOA4 (i.e., multivalent interactions between ferritin particles and NCOA4) were required for the formation of ferritin condensates. Disruption of these interactions impaired ferritin degradation. Time-lapse imaging and three-dimensional correlative light and electron microscopy revealed that these ferritin–NCOA4 condensates were directly engulfed by autophagosomes and endosomes. In contrast, TAX1BP1 was not required for the formation of ferritin–NCOA4 condensates but was required for their incorporation into autophagosomes and endosomes. These results suggest that NCOA4 acts not only as a canonical autophagy receptor but also as a driver to form ferritin condensates to facilitate the degradation of these condensates by macroautophagy (i.e., macroferritinophagy) and endosomal microautophagy (i.e., microferritinophagy). 相似文献
103.
104.
Mami Sugano Yuriko Nakagawa Hiroshi Nyunoya Teruko Nakamura 《Biological Sciences in Space》2004,18(4):261-266
Expressions of the gibberellin biosynthesis gene were investigated in a normal upright type and a gravi-response mutant, a weeping type of Japanese flowering cherry (Prunus spachiana), that is unable to support its own weight and elongates downward. A segment of the gibberellin 3 beta-hydroxylase cDNA of Prunus spachiana (Ps3ox), which is responsible for active gibberellin synthesis, was amplified by using real-time RT-PCR. The content of Ps3ox mRNA in the weeping type was much greater than that in the upright type, while the endogenous gibberellin level was much higher in the elongating zone of the weeping type. These results suggest that the amount and distribution of synthesized gibberellin regulate secondary xylem formation, and the unbalanced distribution of gibberellin affects the gravi-response of the Prunus tree. 相似文献
105.
106.
Joho Masanori; Sukenobu Yuriko; Egashira Eiji; Murayama Tetsuo 《Plant & cell physiology》1983,24(3):389-394
The sensitivity of twelve strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeto Cd2+ was examined in correlation with the uptake of Cd2+.Strains of S. cerevisiae were grouped into three categoriesdepending on the sensitivity of cells grown on agar-plates containingvarious concentrations of Cd2+. 1) The sensitive group did notgrow in 0.1 mM Cd2+. 2) The sub-tolerant group was capable ofgrowth at 0.3 min Cd2+, but not at 0.4 mM Cd2+. 3) The tolerantgroup was capable of growth at 0.4 mM Cd2+ or higher. In thesestrain groups the increase in sensitivity to Cd2+ was associatedwith an increase in the activity of Cd2+ absorption.
1 This study is dedicated to the late president J. Ashida ofEhime University. (Received November 25, 1982; Accepted February 14, 1983) 相似文献
107.
Yuri Takeda Shiro Suzuki Yuki Tobimatsu Keishi Osakabe Yuriko Osakabe Safendrri K. Ragamustari Masahiro Sakamoto Toshiaki Umezawa 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2019,97(3):543-554
The aromatic composition of lignin is an important trait that greatly affects the usability of lignocellulosic biomass. We previously identified a rice (Oryza sativa) gene encoding coniferaldehyde 5‐hydroxylase (OsCAld5H1), which was effective in modulating syringyl (S)/guaiacyl (G) lignin composition ratio in rice, a model grass species. Previously characterized OsCAld5H1‐knockdown rice lines, which were produced via an RNA‐interference approach, showed augmented G lignin units yet contained considerable amounts of residual S lignin units. In this study, to further investigate the effect of suppression of OsCAld5H1 on rice lignin structure, we generated loss‐of‐function mutants of OsCAld5H1 using the CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing system. Homozygous OsCAld5H1‐knockout lines harboring anticipated frame‐shift mutations in OsCAld5H1 were successfully obtained. A series of wet‐chemical and two‐dimensional NMR analyses on cell walls demonstrated that although lignins in the mutant were predictably enriched in G units all the tested mutant lines produced considerable numbers of S units. Intriguingly, lignin γ‐p‐coumaroylation analysis by the derivatization followed by reductive cleavage method revealed that enrichment of G units in lignins of the mutants was limited to the non‐γ‐p‐coumaroylated units, whereas grass‐specific γ‐p‐coumaroylated lignin units were almost unaffected. Gene expression analysis indicated that no homologous genes of OsCAld5H1 were overexpressed in the mutants. These data suggested that CAld5H is mainly involved in the production of non‐γ‐p‐coumaroylated S lignin units, common in both eudicots and grasses, but not in the production of grass‐specific γ‐p‐coumaroylated S units in rice. 相似文献
108.
Horie Y Ito Y Ono M Moriwaki N Kato H Hamakubo Y Amano T Wachi M Shirai M Asayama M 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2007,278(3):331-346
Light-responsive gene expression is crucial to photosynthesizing organisms. Here, we studied functions of cis-elements (AU-box and SD sequences) and a trans-acting factor (ribonuclease, RNase) in light-responsive expression in cyanobacteria. The results indicated that AU-rich nucleotides
with an AU-box, UAAAUAAA, just upstream from an SD confer instability on the mRNA under darkness. An RNase E/G homologue,
Slr1129, of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 was purified and confirmed capable of endoribonucleolytic cleavage at the AU- (or AG)-rich sequences
in vitro. The cleavage depends on the primary target sequence and secondary structure of the mRNA. Complementation tests using
Escherichia coli rne/rng mutants showed that Slr1129 fulfilled the functions of both the RNase E and RNase G. An analysis of systematic mutations
in the AU-box and SD sequences showed that the cis-elements also affect significantly mRNA stability in light-responsive genes. These results strongly suggested that dark-induced
mRNA instability involves RNase E/G-type cleavage at the AU-box and SD sequences in cyanobacteria. The mechanical impact and
a possible common mechanism with RNases for light-responsive gene expression are discussed.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
109.
110.
Maruyama T Kusakari S Sato-Hashimoto M Hayashi Y Kotani T Murata Y Okazawa H Oldenborg PA Kishi S Matozaki T Ohnishi H 《Journal of neurochemistry》2012,121(6):891-902
Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) is a neuronal membrane protein that undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in the brain of mice in response to forced swim (FS) stress in cold water, and this response is implicated in regulation of depression-like behavior in the FS test. We now show that subjection of mice to the FS in warm (37 °C) water does not induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of SIRPα in the brain. The rectal temperature (T(rec) ) of mice was reduced to 27° to 30 °C by performance of the FS for 10 min in cold water, whereas it was not affected by the same treatment in warm water. The level of tyrosine phosphorylation of SIRPα in the brain was increased by administration of ethanol or picrotoxin, starvation, or cooling after anesthesia, all of which also induced hypothermia. Furthermore, the tyrosine phosphorylation of SIRPα in cultured hippocampal neurons was induced by lowering the temperature of the culture medium. CD47, a ligand of SIRPα, as well as Src family kinases or SH2 domain-containing protein phosphatase 2 (Shp2), might be important for the basal and the hypothermia-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of SIRPα. Hypothermia is therefore likely an important determinant of both the behavioral immobility and tyrosine phosphorylation of SIRPα observed in the FS test. 相似文献