全文获取类型
收费全文 | 811篇 |
免费 | 41篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 37篇 |
2012年 | 36篇 |
2011年 | 46篇 |
2010年 | 27篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 44篇 |
2007年 | 47篇 |
2006年 | 45篇 |
2005年 | 50篇 |
2004年 | 40篇 |
2003年 | 46篇 |
2002年 | 34篇 |
2001年 | 28篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有852条查询结果,搜索用时 14 毫秒
151.
152.
Shinya Ohashi Osamu Kikuchi Mihoko Tsurumaki Yukie Nakai Hiroi Kasai Takahiro Horimatsu Shin'ichi Miyamoto Akira Shimizu Tsutomu Chiba Manabu Muto 《PloS one》2014,9(8)
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) kills cancer cells via a photochemical reaction mediated by an oncotropic photosensitizer. Herein, we performed an experimental preclinical study to validate the anti-tumour effect of talaporfin sodium-mediated PDT (t-PDT) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. We used human ESCC cells derived from various differentiation grades or resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The cytotoxic effect of t-PDT was determined by evaluating cell viability, apoptosis and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA double-strand breaks. Furthermore, the anti-tumour effect of t-PDT was assessed using an anchorage-independent cell-growth assay and xenograft transplantation models. t-PDT induced potent cytotoxicity in ESCC cells independent of their differentiation grade or 5-FU resistance. Moreover, t-PDT induced robust apoptosis, as indicated by cell shrinkage, perinuclear vacuolization, nuclear fragmentation and induction of annexin V-positive cells. This apoptotic response was accompanied by concurrent activation of ROS, and induction of DNA double-strand breakage. Importantly, t-PDT suppressed efficiently anchorage-independent cell growth as well as ESCC-xenografted tumor formation. In aggregate, t-PDT showed anti-tumor potential for ESCC cells with various histological grades or chemoresistance, providing a novel translational rationale of t-PDT for the treatment of ESCC. 相似文献
153.
Ryutei Inui Shion Takemura Akihiko Koyama Norio Onikura Mahito Kamada 《Ichthyological Research》2014,61(1):83-89
We developed distribution models for two near-threatened gobiid fishes, Tridentiger barbatus and Tridentiger nudicervicus, based on distribution data and geographic variables in the Ariake Sea, the Yatsushiro Sea, and Suonada Bay. Subsequently, we estimated the potential distribution of both species across all areas of the Seto Inland Sea based on the model predictions. The models indicated high accuracy and demonstrated that both species inhabit shoal and relatively enclosed waters. Predicted potential distribution areas of the two species included all sites with previous records and a few new sites without existing records. 相似文献
154.
155.
156.
Yoshihiro Ozeki Yoshio Ito Nobuhiro Sasaki Mikiko Oyanagi Hirofumi Akimoto Yukie Chikagawa Junko Takeda 《Journal of plant research》2000,113(3):319-326
D and is also induced rapidly and transiently by transfer of cells to fresh medium and lowering the cell density. From the
carrot genomic library, four clones of PAL genes, gDcPAL1,2,3 and 4, were obtained. Analyses of nucleotide sequences revealed that only the gDcPAL3 gene is responsible for the induction of anthocyanin synthesis by 2,4-D. Several cis-elements, boxes M, P, A, L, and G, exist in the proximal promoter region of gDcPAL3. Transient expression experiments in carrot protoplasts using deletion mutants of the proximal promoter region of gDcPAL3 gene showed that boxes M and L, both of which contain core sequences of the Myb binding sites, might play an important role
in gDcPAL3 promoter activity. Four myb cDNAs, Dcmyb8,10,12 and 14 were obtained from a carrot subtracted cDNA library and their structure
and expression patterns were analyzed. In addition to the analysis of the proximal region of gDcPAL3 promoter, the possibility of the regulation of gene expression by genomic DNA structure and chromatin modification in metabolic
differentiation is discussed.
Received 10 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 1 July 2000 相似文献
157.
158.
Masaya Hayakawa Maho Tokuda Kensei Kaneko Koichiro Nakamichi Yukie Yamamoto Tatsuya Kamijo Honoka Umeki Reimi Chiba Ryo Yamada Mitsuya Mori Kosuke Yanagiya Ryota Moriuchi Masahiro Yuki Hideo Dohra Hiroyuki Futamata Moriya Ohkuma Kazuhide Kimbara Masaki Shintani 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2022,88(18)
159.
Izawa S Takemura R Ikeda K Fukuda K Wakai Y Inoue Y 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2005,69(1):86-91
Ethanol affects the nuclear export of mRNA in a similar way to heat shock in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We recently reported that the nuclear accumulation of Rat8 caused by ethanol stress correlates well with blocking of the export of bulk poly(A)+ mRNA. Here, we characterize the localization of Rat8 and bulk poly(A)+ mRNA in sake (Japanese rice wine) yeast during the brewing of sake. In wine must and synthetic dextrose medium, sake yeast showed the same responses to ethanol regarding changes in the localization of Rat8 as wine yeast and a laboratory strain: i.e., cells began the nuclear accumulation of Rat8 at an ethanol concentration of 6% and completed it at 9%. In contrast, during the sake-brewing process, sake yeast showed unique phenomena: i.e., cells did not start the nuclear accumulation of Rat8 until the ethanol concentration of the sake mash reached around 12% and they showed a normal localization of Rat8 around the nuclear envelope at the late stage of fermentation. These results provide new information about the transport of mRNA in yeast cells during actual alcoholic fermentation. 相似文献
160.
Yukie Sato Maurice W. Sabelis Martijn Egas Farid Faraji 《Experimental & applied acarology》2013,61(1):31-41
Severe intraspecific competition for mates selects for aggressive individuals but may also lead to the evolution of alternative phenotypes that do not act aggressively, yet manage to acquire matings. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, shows male mate-guarding behaviour and male–male combat for available females. This may provide opportunity for weaker males to avoid fighting by adopting alternative mating behaviour such as sneaker or satellite tactics as observed in other animals. We investigated male precopulatory behaviour in the two-spotted spider mite by means of video-techniques and found three types of male mating behaviour: territorial, sneaker and opportunistic. Territorial and sneaker males associate with female teleiochrysales and spend much time guarding them. Territorial males are easily disturbed by rival males and engage themselves in fights with them. However, sneaker males are not at all disturbed by rival males, never engage in fights and, strikingly, never face attack by territorial males. Opportunistic males wander around in search of females that are in the teleiochrysalis stage but very close to or at emergence. To quickly classify any given mate-guarding male as territorial or sneaker we developed a method based on the instantaneous response of males to disturbance by a live male mounted on top of a brush. We tested this method against the response of the same males to natural disturbance by two or three other males. Because this method proved to be successful, we used it to collect territorial and sneaker males, and subjected them to morphological analysis to assess whether the various behavioural phenotypes are associated with different morphological characters. However, we found no statistical differences between territorial and sneaker males, concerning the length of the first legs, the stylets, the pedipalps or the body. 相似文献