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621.
Ryuji Nagata Mao Echizen Yukari Yamaguchi Kyu-Ho Han Kenichiro Shimada Kiyoshi Ohba 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2018,82(3):489-496
The effect of a combination of inulin (INU) and polyphenol-containing adzuki bean extract (AE) on intestinal fermentation was examined in vitro using fermenters for 48 h and in vivo using rats for 28 d. The total short-chain fatty acid concentrations in the fermenters were decreased by a combination of INU and AE, but the concentration in the INU + AE group was higher than the cellulose (CEL) and CEL + AE groups. The cecal propionate concentration was increased by a combination of INU and AE compared with their single supplement. The ammonia-nitrogen concentration in the fermenters and rat cecum was decreased by INU and AE. Cecal mucin levels were increased by INU and AE respectively. Therefore, our observations suggested that the combination of INU and AE might be a material of functional food that includes several healthy effects through intestinal fermentation. 相似文献
622.
Chiaki Matsuzaki Chikahiro Takagaki Yasuki Higashimura Yukari Nakashima Koji Hosomi Jun Kunisawa 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2018,82(9):1647-1651
This study evaluated the immunostimulative effect on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) of adjuvant-active exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NTM048. EPS stimulation increased IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and retinal dehydrogenase (RALDH) gene expression levels and induced retinoic acid-synthesizing RALDH-active DCs, which play a crucially important role in controlling adaptive immune responses in mucosa. 相似文献
623.
Sumihiro Koyama Masa-aki Konishi Yukari Ohta Tetsuya Miwa Yuji Hatada Takashi Toyofuku Tadashi Maruyama Yuichi Nogi Chiaki Kato Taishi Tsubouchi 《Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)》2013,15(4):461-475
We developed an electrical modulation method for attachment and detachment of microorganisms. Living microorganisms suspended in non-nutritive media such as PBS(?) and artificial seawater were attracted by and selectively attached to indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass electrode regions to which a negative potential was applied. The microorganisms suspended in LB medium and glucose solution were not attracted to the ITO electrode. Dead microorganisms were not attracted to the ITO electrode. The living microorganisms were retrieved after detachment from the ITO electrode by application of a high-frequency triangular wave potential. When we applied this method to separate microorganisms from deep-sea sediment, bacteria belonging to 19 phyla and 23 classes were collected without undesirable high molecular weight contaminants such as humic acids. At the phylum and class level, respectively, 95 and 87 % of the phylotypes among electrically retrieved bacteria were common to the gene clones from the direct sediment DNA extraction. This technique is a novel useful method to prepare bacterial cells in a single population or a community for metagenomic analyses. 相似文献
624.
Yuriko Yamagata Yukari Kobayashi Nobuo Okabe Ken-Ichi Tomita Tomoharu Sano Hideo Inoue 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(4):335-343
Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound has been determined by the X-ray diffraction method. Crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P212121 and the cell dimensions are a=7.832(1), b=20.466(2) and c=9.159(1) Å. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by the full matrix least-squares method to R=0.070. The conformation about the glycosidic bond is syn probably because of the steric hindrance between the sugar moiety and the cyano group at the C(6) position of the base. The sugar puckering is C(4′)-exo, and the orientation of C(5′)-0(5′) bond is gauche-trans. 相似文献
625.
Teruaki Mukaiyama Masashi Nagai Takafumi Matsutani Naoyuki Shimomura 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(1-3):17-30
Abstract Several β-d-ribonucleosides were synthesized in high yields under mild conditions by N-glycosylations of methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranosyl carbonate (1) with trimethylsilylated nucleoside bases in acetonitrile using a catalytic amount of metal iodide such as SnI2, SbI3 or TeI4. A deprotection of N6 -benzoyl group of coupling product took place to a considerable extent when N6 -benzoyl-N6 , N9 -bis(trimethylsilyl)adenine was employed as a nucleoside base using SnI2 or SnCI2 as a catalyst while it was minimized when SbI3 or TeI4 was used. Further, the N-glycosylation of 1 with 7-trimethylsilyltheophylline in the presence of a catalytic amount of metal iodide was more effectively achieved in nitrile solvents other than acetonitrile. 相似文献
626.
Stephan Schwartzman André Villas Boas Katia Yukari Ono Marisa Gesteira Fonseca Juan Doblas Barbara Zimmerman Paulo Junqueira Adriano Jerozolimski Marcelo Salazar Rodrigo Prates Junqueira Maurício Torres 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2013,368(1624)
627.
Takuo Suzuki Akiko Ishii-Watabe Noritaka Hashii Yukari Nakagawa Tomoko Takahashi Akiko Ebisawa Seiichi Nishi Naho Fujita Aya Bando Yuko Sekimoto Kazuyoshi Miyata Toshio Endo Takuma Otsu Shiori Sugimoto Tadashi Kondou Yuji Fujita Naoyuki Miyanaga Masahiro Mashimo Nana Kawasaki 《Biologicals》2013,41(6):415-423
Heparin is used as an anticoagulant drug. The anticoagulation process is mainly caused by the interaction of heparin with antithrombin followed by inhibition of anticoagulant factor IIa and factor Xa. The anti-factor IIa and anti-factor Xa activities of heparin are critical for its anticoagulant effect; however, physicochemical methods that can reflect these activities have not been established. Thus, the measurements of anti-IIa and anti-Xa activities by biological assay are critical for the quality control of heparin products. Currently in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP), the activities of heparin sodium and heparin calcium are measured by an anti-Xa activity assay (anti-Xa assay), but anti-IIa activity is not measured. Here, we established an anti-IIa activity assay (anti-IIa assay) and an anti-Xa assay having good accuracy and precision. When samples having a relative activity of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 were measured by the established anti-IIa and anti-Xa assays in nine laboratories, good accuracy (100.0–102.8% and 101.6–102.8%, respectively), good intermediate precision (1.9–2.1% and 2.4–4.2%, respectively) and good reproducibility (4.0–4.8% and 3.6–6.4%, respectively) were obtained. The established anti-IIa and anti-Xa assays have similar protocols, and could be performed by a single person without a special machine. The established assays would be useful for quality control of heparin. 相似文献
628.
Kohei Sakamoto Yoshihiro Wakabayashi Takashi Yamamura Tomomi Tanaka Yukari Takeuchi Yuji Mori Hiroaki Okamura 《PloS one》2013,8(11)
Exposure of females to a male pheromone accelerates pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in goats. Recent evidence has suggested that neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) containing kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB) play a pivotal role in the control of GnRH secretion. Therefore, we hypothesized that these neurons may be the central target of the male pheromone. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether NKB signaling is involved in the pheromone action, and whether ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons receive input from the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MeA)—the nucleus suggested to relay pheromone signals. Ovariectomized goats were implanted with a recording electrode aimed at a population of ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons, and GnRH pulse generator activity, represented by characteristic increases in multiple-unit activity (MUA) volleys, was measured. Pheromone exposure induced an MUA volley and luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse in control animals, whereas the MUA and LH responses to the pheromone were completely suppressed by the treatment with an NKB receptor antagonist. These results indicate that NKB signaling is a prerequisite for pheromone action. In ovariectomized goats, an anterograde tracer was injected into the MeA, and possible connections between the MeA and ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons were examined. Histochemical observations demonstrated that a subset of ARC kisspeptin/NKB neurons receive efferent projections from the MeA. These results suggest that the male pheromone signal is conveyed via the MeA to ARC kisspeptin neurons, wherein the signal stimulates GnRH pulse generator activity through an NKB signaling-mediated mechanism in goats. 相似文献
629.
Yoshiki Fujii Kazutaka Kitaura Takaji Matsutani Kenji Shirai Satsuki Suzuki Tomohiko Takasaki Kenichi Kumagai Yoshie Kametani Takashi Shiina Shuji Takabayashi Hideki Katoh Yoshiki Hamada Ichiro Kurane Ryuji Suzuki 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is considered a novel experimental animal model of non-human primates. However, due to antibody unavailability, immunological and pathological studies have not been adequately conducted in various disease models of common marmoset. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is a powerful tool to examine gene expression levels. Recent reports have shown that selection of internal reference housekeeping genes are required for accurate normalization of gene expression. To develop a reliable qPCR method in common marmoset, we used geNorm applets to evaluate the expression stability of eight candidate reference genes (GAPDH, ACTB, rRNA, B2M, UBC, HPRT, SDHA and TBP) in various tissues from laboratory common marmosets. geNorm analysis showed that GAPDH, ACTB, SDHA and TBP were generally ranked high in stability followed by UBC. In contrast, HPRT, rRNA and B2M exhibited lower expression stability than other genes in most tissues analyzed. Furthermore, by using the improved qPCR with selected reference genes, we analyzed the expression levels of CD antigens (CD3ε, CD4, CD8α and CD20) and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12β, IL-13, IFN-γ and TNF-α) in peripheral blood leukocytes and compared them between common marmosets and humans. The expression levels of CD4 and IL-4 were lower in common marmosets than in humans whereas those of IL-10, IL-12β and IFN-γ were higher in the common marmoset. The ratio of Th1-related gene expression level to that of Th2-related genes was inverted in common marmosets. We confirmed the inverted ratio of CD4 to CD8 in common marmosets by flow cytometric analysis. Therefore, the difference in Th1/Th2 balance between common marmosets and humans may affect host defense and/or disease susceptibility, which should be carefully considered when using common marmoset as an experimental model for biomedical research. 相似文献
630.