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981.
Zhigang Wei Zanshuang Qu Lijie Zhang Shuanjing Zhao Zhihong Bi Xiaohui Ji Xiaowen Wang Hairong Wei 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Sucrose synthase (SuSy) is considered the first key enzyme for secondary growth because it is a highly regulated cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of sucrose and UDP into UDP-glucose and fructose. Although SuSy enzymes preferentially functions in the direction of sucrose cleavage at most cellular condition, they also catalyze the synthetic reaction. We isolated a gene that encodes a SuSy from Populus simonii×Populus nigra and named it PsnSuSy2 because it shares high similarity to SuSy2 in Populus trichocarpa. RT-PCR revealed that PsnSuSy2 was highly expressed in xylem, but lowly expressed in young leaves. To characterize its functions in secondary growth, multiple tobacco overexpression transgenic lines of PnsSuSy2 were generated via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The PsnSuSy2 expression levels and altered wood properties in stem segments from the different transgenic lines were carefully characterized. The results demonstrated that the levels of PsnSuSy2 enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars, fructose and glucose increased significantly, while the sucrose level decreased significantly. Consequently, the cellulose content and fiber length increased, whereas the lignin content decreased, suggesting that PsnSuSy2 plays a significant role in cleaving sucrose into UDP-glucose and fructose to facilitate cellulose biosynthesis and that promotion of cellulose biosynthesis suppresses lignin biosynthesis. Additionally, the noticeable increase in the lodging resistance in transgenic tobacco stem suggested that the cell wall characteristics were altered by PsnSuSy2 overexpression. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to study the cell wall morphology of stem, and surprisingly, we found that the secondary cell wall was significantly thicker in transgenic tobacco. However, the thickened secondary cell wall did not negatively affect the height of the plants because the PsnSuSy2- overexpressing lines grew taller than the wildtype plants. This systematic analysis demonstrated that PsnSuSy2 plays an important role in cleaving sucrose coupled with cellulose biosynthesis in wood tissue. 相似文献
982.
Qingyu Meng Lvzhen Huang Yaoyao Sun Yujing Bai Bin Wang Wenzhen Yu Mingwei Zhao Xiaoxin Li 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Purpose
To investigate the effect of genetic variants in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolic pathway and risk factors on neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in China.Methods
A total of 742 Chinese subjects, including 221 controls, 230 cases with nAMD, and 291 cases with PCV, were included in the present study. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from three genes in the HDL metabolic pathway (HDLMP) including cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), hepatic lipase (LIPC) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were genotyped in all study subjects with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Risk factors including gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease were identified. Chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests were applied to discover associations between SNPs and risk factors for PCV and nAMD. Gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions were evaluated by the multifactor-dimensionality reduction (MDR) method.Results
CETP rs3764261 were significantly associated with an increased risk for PCV (odds ratio (OR) = 1.444, P = 0.0247). LIPC rs1532085 conferred an increased risk for PCV (OR = 1.393, P = 0.0094). We found no association between PCV and LPL rs12678919, LIPC rs10468017 or CETP rs173539. No association was found between five SNPs with nAMD. Regarding risk factors, females were found to have significantly decreased risks for both PCV and nAMD (P = 0.006 and 0.001, respectively). Coronary artery disease (CAD) was a risk factor in PCV patients but played a protective role in nAMD patients. Hyperlipidemia was associated with PCV but not with nAMD. Neither hypertension nor diabetes mellitus was associated with PCV or nAMD. The MDR analysis revealed that a three-locus model with rs12678919, rs1532085, and gender was the best model for nAMD, while a five-locus model consisting of rs10468017, rs3764261, rs1532085, gender, and hyperlipidemia was best for PCV.Conclusion
Our large-sample study suggested that CETP rs3764261 conferred an increased risk for PCV. We also first found the association between rs1532085 and PCV. The result of present study also showed that gender and CAD are associated with PCV and nAMD. Significant association was found between hyperlipidemia and PCV but not nAMD. 相似文献983.
本文构建了包括HeLa裂解液和游离小鼠卵母细胞生发泡的实验体系,用于研究Ca^2 及其下游信号对小鼠卵母细胞减数分裂启动的影响。游离的卵母细胞生发泡可以在M期细胞裂解液中发生减数分裂启动,表现为染色质的凝集。进一步的研究表明,Ca^2 信号的存在对G2期细胞裂解液促进减数分裂启动是至关重要的,G2期中期的细胞裂解液只有经Ca^2 诱导后才具有启动生发泡减数分裂的作用,而G2期晚期无论Ca^2 存在与否均诱发减数分裂的启动,但是G2期早期的裂解液无启动减数分裂的作用。卵母细胞的体外培养实验分析也表明,抑制CaM和CaMKⅡ的活性可以阻止GVBD和报制第一极体的释放。免疫沉淀及Western Blotting结果显示,HeLa细胞裂解液中的MPF从G2期中期到M期均存在,且Cdc2亚基的Tyr由磷酸化向去磷酸化转变。结果进一步证明,卵母细胞减数的分裂的启动可能是通过一种Ca^2 /CaM依赖的途径来推动的。 相似文献
984.
Guo Z Bi F Tang Y Zhang J Yuan D Xia Z Liu JN 《Journal of biochemical and biophysical methods》2006,67(1):27-36
The work was to explore the feasibility of protein affinity purification using ligand isolated from phage library. Reteplase was used as the model protein and a humanized semi-synthetic single chain fragment variable phage library as the source of ligand. After four rounds of biopanning, reteplase-specific phage clones were greatly enriched. The scFv gene from the best phage clone was inserted to pET-29a and expressed in E. coli Rosseta. After purification by nickel-affinity and refolding, this scFv protein was proven to recognize reteplase specifically and sensitively in ELISA and dot-blotting. Its binding constant to reteplase was 1.84x10(-8) M, measured by surface plasmon resonance. After immobilized on Sepharose 4B, the scFv was used for the affinity purification of reteplase from milk. It was found that reteplase was highly purified from the starting material. In conclusion, it has been demonstrated that humanized scFv prepared with this approach could be used as a practical affinity ligand for efficient and cost-effective purification of reteplase, as well as other therapeutic proteins. 相似文献
985.
钙结合蛋白D-9K基因原核表达载体的构建、表达产物纯化及其多克隆抗体的制备 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究构建了pBV220/CabpD-9k-βhCG表达质粒,在大肠杆菌TG-1中进行表达,得到了CabpD-9k-βhCG融合蛋白。SDS-PAGE分析显示融合蛋白的分子量约为34.5KD。Western blot结果表明,融合蛋白与兔抗人hCGIgG特异结合。用纯化的融合蛋白免疫C57BL小鼠,制备了多克隆抗体,这为进一步研究钙结合蛋白D-9K在着床中的功能和子宫内膜Ca2+信号转导奠定了基础。 相似文献
986.
Xiaojie Xie Yifan Wang Songzhao Zhang Guidi Zhang Yinchuan Xu Honghao Bi Alan Daugherty Jian-an Wang 《The Journal of nutritional biochemistry》2012,23(6):549-556
ObjectiveAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic vascular disease characterized by medial degradation and inflammation. No medical approaches have been validated for treating AAA, and therapeutic options are limited to regular surveillance leading to surgical intervention. This study aimed to investigate whether administration of Chinese red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus; RYR) suppressed angiotensin II (AngII)-induced AAA and atherosclerosis.Methods and ResultsApolipoprotein E-deficient male mice fed a normal diet were administered either RYR extract (200 mg/kg/day) or vehicle by gavage for 1 week before initiating AngII infusion (1000 ng/kg/min) via subcutaneous osmotic pumps for 28 days. Red yeast rice extract administration significantly suppressed AngII-induced expansion of suprarenal diameter and area (P<.05). Furthermore, RYR extract significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion areas in both the intima of aortic arches and cross sections of aortic roots (P<.05). These effects were associated with reductions of serum total cholesterol, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and increases of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor, but no changes in serum interleukin (IL) 1α, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, MMP-9 and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in aortic walls.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that RYR extract administration suppressed AngII-induced AAA and atherosclerosis associated with regulating inflammation responses independent of lipid-lowering effects. Red yeast rice may have preventive potential for patients with AAA. 相似文献
987.
A major goal of the Alliance for Cellular Signaling is to elaborate the components of signal transduction networks in model cell systems, including murine B lymphocytes. Due to the importance of protein phosphorylation in many aspects of cell signaling, the initial efforts have focused on the identification of phosphorylated proteins. In order to identify serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins on a proteome-wide basis, WEHI-231 cells were treated with calyculin A, a serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor, to induce high levels of protein phosphorylation. Proteins were extracted from whole-cell lysates and digested with trypsin. Phosphorylated peptides were then enriched using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 107 proteins and 193 phosphorylation sites were identified using these methods. Forty-two of these proteins have been reported to be phosphorylated, but only some of them have been detected in B cells. Fifty-four of the identified proteins were not previously known to be phosphorylated. The remaining 11 phosphoproteins have previously only been characterized as novel cDNA or genomic sequences. Many of the identified proteins were phosphorylated at multiple sites. The proteins identified in this study significantly expand the repertoire of proteins known to be phosphorylated in B cells. The number of newly identified phosphoproteins indicates that B cell signaling pathways utilizing protein phosphorylation are likely to be more complex than previously appreciated. 相似文献
988.
Development and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against canine distemper virus hemagglutinin protein 下载免费PDF全文
Canine distemper virus (CDV) causes a serious multisystemic disease in dogs and other carnivora. Hemagglutinin (H) protein‐specific antibodies are mainly responsible for protective immunity against CDV infection. In the present study, six neutralizing MAbs to the H protein of CDV were newly obtained and characterized by immunizing BALB/c mice with a recent Chinese field isolate. Competitive binding inhibition assay revealed that they recognized four distinct antigenic regions of the H protein. Immunofluorescence assay and western blotting showed that all MAbs recognize the conformational rather than the linear epitopes of the H protein. Furthermore, in immunofluorescence and virus neutralization assays, two of the MAbs were found to react only with the recent Chinese field isolate and not with older CDV strains, including vaccine strain Onderstepoort, indicating there are neutralization‐related antigenic variations between the recent Chinese field isolate and the older CDV strains examined in this study. The newly established MAbs are useful for differentiating the expanding CDV strains and could be used in immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis against infection with CDV. 相似文献
989.
The interaction between DNA and furazolidone/furacillin was investigated using various analytical techniques including spectroscopy and electroanalysis and molecular modelling. With the aid of acridine orange (AO), the fluorescence lifetimes of DNA–AO, DNA–furazolidone/furacillin–AO remained almost the same, which proved that the ground state complex was formed due to furazolidone/furacillin binding with DNA. Circular dichroism spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the second structure of DNA changed. Viscosity experiments presented that relative viscosity of DNA was increased with the increasing concentrations of furazolidone and almost unchanged for furacilin. In addition, the results of melting temperature (Tm), ionic strength, site competition experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and molecular docking all proved the intercalation binding mode for furazolidone and groove binding mode for furacilin. The binding constants (Ka) obtained from Wolfe–Shimmer equation were calculated as 3.66 × 104 L mol?1 and 3.95 × 104 L mol?1 for furazolidone–DNA and furacilin–DNA, respectively. 相似文献
990.
Xiangpeng Ren Chunyi Xue Qingming Kong Chengwen Zhang Yingzuo Bi Yongchang Cao 《Proteome science》2012,10(1):1-11