关于一个"基细胞"的疑问

有或没有基细胞是毛鞘藻属与枝鞘藻属的区别之一。这里叙述了Ｍｒｏｚｉｎｓｋａ在其专著中,将Ｏｅｄｏｃｌａｄｉｕｍ ｉｎｄｉｃｕｍ Ｋａｍａｔ附图（即模式图）上的一个基细胞错误地移置到Ｏｅ．ｐｒｅｓｃｏｔｔｉｉ Ｉｓｌａｍ上去的情况。     

Nonneutralizing Antibodies Induced by the HIV-1 gp41 NHR Domain Gain Neutralizing Activity in the Presence of the HIV Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide: a Potential Therapeutic Vaccine Strategy

A key barrier against developing preventive and therapeutic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines is the inability of viral envelope glycoproteins to elicit broad and potent neutralizing antibodies. However, in the presence of fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide, we show that the nonneutralizing antibodies induced by the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) domain (N63) exhibit potent and broad neutralizing activity against laboratory-adapted HIV-1 strains, including the drug-resistant variants, and primary HIV-1 isolates with different subtypes, suggesting the potential of developing gp41-targeted HIV therapeutic vaccines.     

有机磷杀虫剂T-751对四种害虫的杀虫活性

测定了T-751（O-甲基-O-苯基-S-正丙基硫代磷酸酯）对4种害虫的杀虫活性。结果表明,T-751对东方家蝇、豆蚜和二斑叶螨的LD50分别为0．42、70．5、4．20mg／L。T-751对东方家蝇的杀虫活性要比杀螟硫磷高11倍。在剂量分别为2．95,7．37mg／m2时,该药对东方家蝇和美洲大蠊的KT50分别为13．57和30．83分钟。     

钙结合蛋白D-9K基因原核表达载体的构建、表达产物纯化及其多克隆抗体的制备

本研究构建了pBV220/CabpD-9k-βhCG表达质粒,在大肠杆菌TG-1中进行表达,得到了CabpD-9k-βhCG融合蛋白。SDS-PAGE分析显示融合蛋白的分子量约为34.5KD。Western blot结果表明,融合蛋白与兔抗人hCGIgG特异结合。用纯化的融合蛋白免疫C57BL小鼠,制备了多克隆抗体,这为进一步研究钙结合蛋白D-9K在着床中的功能和子宫内膜Ca2+信号转导奠定了基础。     

Modifying the tumour microenvironment and reverting tumour cells: New strategies for treating malignant tumours

The tumour microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in tumour fate determination. The TME acts together with the genetic material of tumour cells to determine their initiation, metastasis and drug resistance. Stromal cells in the TME promote the growth and metastasis of tumour cells by secreting soluble molecules or exosomes. The abnormal microenvironment reduces immune surveillance and tumour killing. The TME causes low anti‐tumour drug penetration and reactivity and high drug resistance. Tumour angiogenesis and microenvironmental hypoxia limit the drug concentration within the TME and enhance the stemness of tumour cells. Therefore, modifying the TME to effectively attack tumour cells could represent a comprehensive and effective anti‐tumour strategy. Normal cells, such as stem cells and immune cells, can penetrate and disrupt the abnormal TME. Reconstruction of the TME with healthy cells is an exciting new direction for tumour treatment. We will elaborate on the mechanism of the TME to support tumours and the current cell therapies for targeting tumours and the TME—such as immune cell therapies, haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation therapies, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transfer and embryonic stem cell‐based microenvironment therapies—to provide novel ideas for producing breakthroughs in tumour therapy strategies.     

Oridonin inhibits the migration and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of small cell lung cancer cells by suppressing FAK‐ERK1/2 signalling pathway

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a severe malignant with high morbidity; however, few effective and secure therapeutic strategy is used in current clinical practice. Oridonin is a small molecule from the traditional Chinese herb Rabdosia rubescens. This study mainly aimed to investigate the role of oridonin on inhibiting the process of H1688, a kind of small cell lung cancer cells from human. Oridonin could suppress H1688 cell proliferation and induce their apoptosis in a high dosage treatment (20 μmol/L). Meanwhile, cell migration was suppressed by oridonin (5 and 10 μmol/L) that did not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis. The expression level of E‐cadherin was significantly increased, and the expression of vimentin, snail and slug was reduced after administration of oridonin. These expression changes were associated with the suppressed integrin β1, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and ERK1/2. In addition, oridonin (5 and 10 mg/kg) inhibited tumour growth in a nude mouse model; however, HE staining revealed a certain degree of cytotoxicity in hepatic tissue after treatment oridonin (10 mg/kg). Furthermore, the concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALP) was significantly increased and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was reduced after oridonin treatment (10 mg/kg). Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that oridonin increased E‐cadherin expression and reduced vimentin and phospho‐FAK levels in vivo. These findings indicated that oridonin can inhibit the migration and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of SCLC cells by suppressing the FAK‐ERK1/2 signalling pathway. Thus, oridonin may be a new drug candidate to offer an effect of anti‐SCLC with relative safety.     

A Latent Class Analysis of Bullies,Victims and Aggressive Victims in Chinese Adolescence: Relations with Social and School Adjustments

This study used the latent class analysis (LCA) to identify and classify Chinese adolescent children''s aggressive behaviors. It was found that (1) Adolescent children could be divided into four categories: general children, aggressive children, victimized children and aggressive victimized children. (2) There were significant gender differences among the aggressive victimized children, the aggressive children and the general children. Specifically, aggressive victimized children and aggressive children had greater probabilities of being boys; victimized children had equal probabilities of being boys or girls. (3) Significant differences in loneliness, depression, anxiety and academic achievement existed among the aggressive victims, the aggressor, the victims and the general children, in which the aggressive victims scored the worst in all questionaires. (4) As protective factors, peer and teacher supports had important influences on children''s aggressive and victimized behaviors. Relative to general children, aggressive victims, aggressive children and victimized children had lower probabilities of receiving peer supports. On the other hand, compared to general children, aggressive victims had lower probabilities of receiving teacher supports; while significant differences in the probability of receiving teacher supports did not exist between aggressive children and victimized children.     

从随机整合到靶向修饰的转基因动物技术

转基因动物技术产生30年来取得了迅速发展,先后建立了多种转基因方法,尤其是从外源基因的随机整合发展到定位整合,成为定向进行动物遗传改造的强大工具.介绍各种转基因动物技术的建立及目前发展的概况,以及从随机整合到靶向修饰的发展过程.     

Direct voltammetry of catalase immobilized on silica sol-gel and cysteine modified gold electrode and its application

The direct voltammetry of catalase (CAT) immobilized in silica sol-gel film in the presence of cysteine on gold electrode was investigated. The CAT electrode showed a pair of well-defined and quasi-reversible cyclic voltammetry peaks. It can be used as an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide. The calibration range of H(2)O(2) was from 1 to 30 micromolL(-1) and the detection limit was 0.4 micromolL(-1) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The interaction of CAT and aluminum ion was also investigated based on the CAT-modified electrode. The electrochemical activity of the CAT-modified electrode was increased with the addition of Al(3+). The experimental results of voltammetry and fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the conformation of CAT molecule was altered by the formation of Al-CAT complex with Al(3+), which may influence the activity of CAT.