全文获取类型
收费全文 | 814篇 |
免费 | 78篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 25篇 |
2015年 | 33篇 |
2014年 | 41篇 |
2013年 | 54篇 |
2012年 | 76篇 |
2011年 | 69篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 32篇 |
2007年 | 32篇 |
2006年 | 37篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 27篇 |
2003年 | 29篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 20篇 |
2000年 | 16篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有895条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
62.
63.
Advani A Connelly KA Yuen DA Zhang Y Advani SL Trogadis J Kabir MG Shachar E Kuliszewski MA Leong-Poi H Stewart DJ Gilbert RE 《PloS one》2011,6(10):e24695
Rarefaction of the renal microvasculature correlates with declining kidney function. However, current technologies commonly used for its evaluation are limited by their reliance on endothelial cell antigen expression and assessment in two dimensions. We set out to establish a widely applicable and unbiased optical sectioning method to enable three dimensional imaging and reconstruction of the renal microvessels based on their luminal filling. The kidneys of subtotally nephrectomized (SNx) rats and their sham-operated counterparts were subjected to either routine two-dimensional immunohistochemistry or the novel technique of fluorescent microangiography (FMA). The latter was achieved by perfusion of the kidney with an agarose suspension of fluorescent polystyrene microspheres followed by optical sectioning of 200 μm thick cross-sections using a confocal microscope. The fluorescent microangiography method enabled the three-dimensional reconstruction of virtual microvascular casts and confirmed a reduction in both glomerular and peritubular capillary density in the kidneys of SNx rats, despite an overall increase in glomerular volume. FMA is an uncomplicated technique for evaluating the renal microvasculature that circumvents many of the limitations imposed by conventional analysis of two-dimensional tissue sections. 相似文献
64.
65.
66.
Ghosh S Pulinilkunnil T Yuen G Kewalramani G An D Qi D Abrahani A Rodrigues B 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2005,289(2):H768-H776
Oxidative stress due to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depleted antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) can give rise to apoptotic cell death in acutely diabetic hearts and lead to heart disease. At present, the source of these cardiac ROS or the subcellular site of cardiac GSH loss [i.e., cytosolic (cGSH) or mitochondrial (mGSH) GSH] has not been completely elucidated. With the use of rotenone (an inhibitor of the electron transport chain) to decrease the excessive ROS in acute streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat heart, the mitochondrial origin of ROS was established. Furthermore, mitochondrial damage, as evidenced by loss of membrane potential, increases in oxidative stress, and reduction in mGSH was associated with increased apoptosis via increases in caspase-9 and -3 activities in acutely diabetic hearts. To validate the role of mGSH in regulating cardiac apoptosis, L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO; 10 mmol/kg ip), which blocks GSH synthesis, or diethyl maleate (DEM; 4 mmol/kg ip), which inactivates preformed GSH, was administered in diabetic rats for 4 days after STZ administration. Although both BSO and DEM lowered cGSH, they were ineffective in reducing mGSH or augmenting cardiomyocyte apoptosis. To circumvent the lack of mGSH depletion, BSO and DEM were coadministered in diabetic rats. In this setting, mGSH was undetectable and cardiac apoptosis was further aggravated compared with the untreated diabetic group. In a separate group, GSH supplementation induced a robust amplification of mGSH in diabetic rat hearts and prevented apoptosis. Our data suggest for the first time that mGSH is crucial for modulating the cell suicide program in short-term diabetic rat hearts. 相似文献
67.
Soppa GK Smolenski RT Latif N Yuen AH Malik A Karbowska J Kochan Z Terracciano CM Yacoub MH 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2005,288(3):H1468-H1476
Clenbuterol (Clen), a beta(2)-agonist, is known to produce skeletal and myocardial hypertrophy. This compound has recently been used in combination with left ventricular assist devices for the treatment of end-stage heart failure to reverse or prevent the adverse effects of unloading-induced myocardial atrophy. However, the mechanisms of action of Clen on myocardial cells have not been fully elucidated. In an attempt to clarify this issue, we examined the effects of chronic administration of Clen on Ca(2+) handling and substrate preference in cardiac muscle. Rats were treated with either 2 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) Clen or saline (Sal) for 4 wk with the use of osmotic minipumps. Ventricular myocytes were enzymatically dissociated. Cells were field stimulated at 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz, and cytoplasmic Ca(2+) transients were monitored with the use of the fluorescent indicator indo-1 acetoxymethyl ester. Two-dimensional surface area and action potentials in current clamp were also measured. We found that in the Clen group there was significant hypertrophy at the organ and cellular levels compared with Sal. In Clen myocytes, the amplitude of the indo-1 ratio transients was significantly increased. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content, estimated by rapid application of 20 mM caffeine, was significantly increased in the Clen group. The action potential was prolonged in the Clen group compared with Sal. Carbohydrate contribution to the tricarboxylic cycle (Krebs cycle) flux was increased several times in the Clen group. This increase was associated with decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha. This study shows that chronic administration of Clen induces cellular hypertrophy and increases oxidative carbohydrate utilization together with an increase in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content, which results in increased amplitude of the Ca(2+) transients. These effects could be important when Clen is used in conjunction with left ventricular assist devices treatment. 相似文献
68.
Woo PC Teng JL Leung KW Lau SK Woo GK Wong AC Wong MK Yuen KY 《Microbiology and immunology》2005,49(1):31-39
A bacterium was isolated from the blood culture of an intravenous drug abuser with pseudobacteremia. The cells were strictly anaerobic, straight or slightly curved, sporulating, Gram-negative rods. It grew on sheep blood agar as non-hemolytic, pinpoint colonies after 48 hr of incubation at 37 C in an anaerobic environment. It was motile but did not produce catalase or cytochrome oxidase. 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing revealed three different copies of 16S rDNA sequences. More than 90% of the differences among them were due to differences in the lengths of the sequences. Phylogenetically, the bacterium is clustered with Dendrosporobacter, Sporomusa, and Propionispora, the other three genera of anaerobic, sporulating, Gram-negative rods. There were 8.6-11.1% differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of the bacterium and that of D. quercicolus, 4.7-15.1% differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of it and those of S. acidovorans, S. aerivorans, S. malonica, S. ovata, S. paucivorans, S. silvacetica, S. spaeroides, and S. termitida, and 7.6-13.1% differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of it and those of P. hippei and P. vibrioides. The G+C content of the bacterium (mean +/- SD) was 46.8 +/- 3.2%. For these reasons, a new genus and species, Anaerospora hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov., is proposed, for which HKU15T is the type strain. 相似文献
69.
Background
MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing, integrating computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment. It has been widely used in many areas, such as mathematics and computation, algorithm development, data acquisition, modeling, simulation, and scientific and engineering graphics. However, few functions are freely available in MATLAB to perform the sequence data analyses specifically required for molecular biology and evolution. 相似文献70.
Yuen AH Yacoub MH Birks EJ Kalsi KK Johnson PH Smolenski RT 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2005,24(4):275-277
Possession of the C34T mutation in AMP deaminase (AMPD1) gene has been shown to be associated with attenuation of the progression of heart failure and improved survival in ischemic heart disease. In this study, we examined the frequency of the mutation in the heart with good and poor cardiac function and in healthy controls. We found that there was no difference in the frequency of the mutation between the patients with heart failure and healthy controls. However, the frequency of the mutation in the healthy donor hearts was much higher when compared to healthy controls or donors with failing hearts. 相似文献