Systematics ofNama (Hydrophyllaceae): Flavonoids and phyletic position of sect.Arachnoidea and sect.Cinerascentia

Eight flavonoids, four 6-oxygenated flavones, two methyl ethers of luteolin, apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside, were isolated fromNama lobbii andN. rothrockii, sole members of sects.Arachnoidea andCinerascentia, respectively. Both taxa diverge markedly from other namas in morphology and chromosome number and their placement inNama has been questioned. The occurrence of 6-oxygenated flavones in these taxa adds to their already distinctive nature. Flavonoid evidence argues that both are more closely allied toEriodictyon than either is toNama.     

Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the secretion of human prolactin

This study examines the role of PGF2a (prostaglandin F2alpha) in increasing the secretion rate of human prolactin. 11 women (mean gestational period, 18 weeks) seeking pregnancy termination were divided into 4 groups: 1) Group 1 consisted of 6 women who received 30 mg initially of PGF2a injected intramuscularly and an additional 15 mg after 24 hours if abortion had not occured; mean induction to termination period was 38 hours; 2) Group 2 comprised of 3 women who received PGF2a (500-1500 ug) via the transcervical route at 1 to 2 hourly interval; average number of injections was 20; mean induction to termination period, 24 hours; 3) Group 3 had 2 women receiving hypertonic saline by intraamniotic injection; mean induction to termination period was 51 hours; 4) Group 4 had 4 women who served as controls; mean observation period, 20 hours. Venous blood samples were heparinized in tubes at intervals of 2 to 3 hours. A homologous radioimmunoassay using highly purified human prolactin (for iodination and standards) plus rabbit antihuman prolactin measured serum prolactin. Spikes of serum prolactin up to 550 ng/ml were observed at irregular intervals in 5 women in Group 1; the spikes were less frequent and of smaller amplitude in Groups 3 and 4. The increase in serum prolactin was dramatic and more sustained in Group 2 patients and peaked towards the end of the prostaglandin infusion. Serum prolactin of Group 2 patients were significantly higher than those of Groups 3 and 4 (p0.01). 5 of 9 women whose pregnancies were terminated by PGF2a lactated. However, there was no significant difference between the mean serum prolactin levels in women who lactated (136 ng/ml) and those who did not (120 ng/ml). Although PGF2a is not a lactogenic hormone, this study shows that PGF2a stimulates the secretion of human prolactin during second trimester pregnancy. The fact that the transcervical route caused a significant increase in serum prolactin and the intraamniotic route did not is attributed to the increased systemic absorption of PGF2a following transcervical administration. No correlation was seen between the presence or absence of lactation and the serum prolactin level following pregnancy termination with PGF2a.     

Cytochrome c in Hydrogenomonas eutropha

A c-type cytochrome from Hydrogenomonas eutropha was purified 150-fold by butanol extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and column chromatography. Three distinct c-type cytochromes were recovered which did not bind with either carbon monoxide or cyanide and hence did not appear to be denatured. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that one protein was acidic and the other two were basic. The acidic cytochrome c had a sedimentation coefficient of 3.46. Its amino acid composition was not markedly different from other bacterial cytochromes, but relative to mammalian cytochromes c it was low in lysine, threonine, and isoleucine and high in alanine and valine.     

胎盘型碱性磷酸酶的纯化及部分性质的研究

 <正> 胎盘型碱性磷酸酶(P-ALP)是碱性磷酸酶(EC3.1.3.1.ALP)的一种同工酶。P-ALP除出现于妊娠妇女血清外,一些学者还从恶性肿瘤患者血清中发现此酶,并证明它是一种特异性较强的肿瘤标志物。据此,建立P-ALP的简易纯化方法,制备纯度较高的酶制品是建立P-ALP灵敏的微量检测法的先决条件。本文报道以L-苯丙氨酸(L-phe)为配基,用氯代环氧丙烷活化Sepharose 4B的亲和层析法,从人胎盘纯化P-ALP,并对其部分性质进行了研究。     

香蕉低温酶促褐变

7℃低温导致香蕉果皮变褐,褐变程度可用提取液的OD_(450)值表示。随低温处理时间的延长,OD_(450)增大;还原性物质抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽含量迅速下降;多酚氧化酶底物多巴胺先有增加,接着降低。 低温下,多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性较常温低,PPO和POD的游离态酶活性增高。此外,H_2O_2处理加速果皮变褐,刺激PPO及POD活性;棓酸丙酯处理起相反的效应。故认为香蕉低温褐变是低温损伤、酶促褐变引起的一个复杂过程。     

应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测不同类型乙型肝炎中激活补体类HBsAg循环免疫复合物

本文以抗人C_(?)的羊IgG为包被抗体,以HRP-HBs抗体为指示抗体,建立了可检测激活补体类HBsAg循环免疫复合物(HBsAg/C3-CIC)的C_3捕捉法酶联免疫吸附试验。检测了236例六种类型临床诊断为乙型肝炎的病人血清标本,其阳性率分别为:无症状携带者(ASC)12.9％(4/31),急性肝炎(AH)36.7％(22/60),慢性迁延性肝炎(CPH)33.3％(7/21),慢性活动性肝炎(CAH)59.6％(34/57),重型肝炎(SH)77.8％(14/18),肝炎后肝硬化(PLC)67.3％(33/49),阳性率与肝损严重程度明显相关(P<0.01)。认为HBs-Ag/C3-CIC可能在乙型肝炎病毒引起的慢性活动性肝炎、重型肝炎和肝炎后肝硬化的发病过程中起重要作用,并可作为乙型肝炎的诊断、临床分型和预后判断的指标之一。     

Climate and vegetation in China II. Distribution of main vegetation types and thermal climate

The authors examined relationships between Kira's warmth index (WI) and four other important thermal indices: the sums of daily mean temperatures above 5°C and 10°C, Thornthwaite's potential evapotranspiration (PE) and Holdridge's annual biotemperature. The thermal records of 671 meteorological stations evenly located all over China were used to make these comparisons. Close correlations were found within the four relationships, and accordingly WI was used to analyse the thermal distributions of the main vegetation types. Vegetation types around the 671 stations were read from a vegetation map with a scale of 1/4000000. Vegetation types at 269 stations corresponded to the natural or seminatural vegetation, and 29 vegetation types were distinguished by arranging the 269 data into the same or similar types. The geographical distribution of these 29 types and the corresponding main climatic features were described. The relations between WI and distribution of these vegetation types were discussed in detail. As a result, WI values (°C month) corresponding to the vegetation zones could be summarized as follows: (1) arctic or alpine vegetation zone: 0–15; (2) boreal or subalpine vegetation zone: 15-(50–55); (3) cool-temperate vegetation zone: (50–55)–(80–90); (4) warm-temperate vegetation zone: (80–90)–(170–180). These values almost coincided with Kira's values. Chinese postgraduate student in Japan sent by the Chinese Government.