Environmental Drivers and Spatial Prediction of the Critically Endangered Species <i>Thuja sutchuenensis</i> in Sichuan-Chongqing,China

Identifying the ecological environment suitable for the growth of Thuja sutchuenensis and predicting other potential distribution areas are essential to protect this endangered species. After selecting 24 environmental factors that could affect the distribution of T. sutchuenensis, including climate, topography, soil and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), we adopted the Random Forest-MaxEnt integrated model to analyze our data. Based on the Random Forest study, the contribution of the mean temperature of the warmest quarter, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, annual mean temperature and mean temperature of the driest quarter was large. Based on MaxEnt model prediction outputs, the potential distribution map not only identified areas that originally recorded T. sutchuenensis, such as Xuanhan County, Kai County and Chengkou County, but also identified highly suitable distribution areas where T. sutchuenensis may exist, including Wanyuan County, Sichuan Province, and the junction of Chongqing and Hubei Province. This provides a more explicit geographic range for ex situ conservation and reintroduction of T. sutchuenensis. Our results also indicate that, in addition to climate factors, topography and soil factors are also important environmental factors that affect distribution. This provides a theoretical basis for subsequent laboratory construction to simulate the indoor growth of T. sutchuenensis.     

Inhibition of selectin-mediated cell adhesion and prevention of acute inflammation by nonanticoagulant sulfated saccharides. Studies with carboxyl-reduced and sulfated heparin and with trestatin a sulfate

Selectins play a major role in the inflammatory reaction by initiating neutrophil attachment to activated vascular endothelium. Some heparin preparations can interact with L- and P-selectin; however, the determinants required for inhibiting selectin-mediated cell adhesion have not yet been characterized. We now report that carboxyl-reduced and sulfated heparin (prepared by chemical modifications of porcine intestinal mucosal heparin leading to the replacement of carboxylates by O-sulfate groups) and trestatin A sulfate (obtained by sulfation of trestatin A, a non-uronic pseudo-nonasaccharide extracted from Streptomyces dimorphogenes) exhibit strong anti-P-selectin and anti-L-selectin activity while lacking antithrombin-mediated anticoagulant activity. In vitro experiments revealed that both compounds inhibited P-selectin- and L-selectin-mediated cell adhesion under laminar flow conditions. Moreover, carboxyl-reduced and sulfated heparin and trestatin A sulfate were also active in vivo, as assessed by experiments showing 1) that microinfusion of trestatin A sulfate reduced by 96% leukocyte rolling along rat mesenteric postcapillary venules and 2) that both compounds inhibited (by 58-81%) neutrophil migration into thioglycollate-inflamed peritoneum of BALB/c mice. These results indicate that nonanticoagulant sulfated saccharides targeted at P-selectin and L-selectin may have therapeutic potential in inflammatory disorders.     

Spindlin1, a novel nuclear protein with a role in the transformation of NIH3T3 cells

spindlin1, a novel human gene recently isolated by our laboratory, is highly homologous to mouse spindlin gene. In this study, we cloned cDNA full-length of this novel gene and send it to GenBank database as spindlin1 (Homo sapiens spindlin1) with Accession No. AF317228. In order to investigate the function of spindlin1, we studied further the subcellular localization of Spindlin1 protein and the effects of spindlin1 overexpression in NIH3T3 cells. The results showed that the fusion protein pEGFP-N1-spindlin1 was located in the nucleus and the C-terminal is correlated with nuclear localization of Spindlin1 protein. NIH3T3 cells which could stably express spindlin1 as a result of RT-PCR analysis compared with the control cells displayed a complete morphological change; made cell growth faster; and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M and S phase. Furthermore, overexpressed spindlin1 cells formed colonies in soft agar in vitro and formed tumors in nude mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that spindlin1 gene may contribute to tumorigenesis.     

慢性胃炎肠化生CD_(44)、CD_(44V6)及Cyclin D_1、Cyclin E的表达和意义

目的探讨慢性胃炎胃粘膜肠化生CD44、CD44V6及cyclin D1、Cyclin E表达的意义。方法利用免疫细胞化学技术对39例伴有肠化生的慢性胃炎和5例正常人胃窦粘膜的活检组织进行检查。结果正常人胃窦粘膜上皮,腺上皮对CD44、CD44V6、Cyclin D1和Cyclin E均为阴性,但在有神经内分泌样细胞的粘膜,CD44V6和cyclin D1为阳性。慢性胃炎肠化生区和不典型增生区除CD44为阴性外,CD44V6、cyclin D1和cyclin E均呈现不同的阳性反应,但未见有阳性的神经内分泌样细胞。间质细胞大都呈阳性反应。结论CD44V6、cyclin D1和cyclin E可能是胃癌前状态的早期事件,而CD44可能为胃癌晚期的标志物。     

植酸酶及其热稳定性研究进展

植酸酶能降解植物性饲料中的植酸盐类,释放出无机磷酸,对于提高饲料中磷的利用率,减轻畜禽高磷排泄物对环境的污染以及促进单胃动物对饲料中矿质营养的吸收利用有重要作用,因此植酸酶的研究有重要的科学和实用价值。获得高活性高热稳定性的植酸酶是近年来植酸酶工业的研究热点和难点,综述了植酸酶及其热稳定性研究的现状和提高植酸酶热稳定性方法的最新进展 。     

高强度酒精连续发酵

从多株酒精酵母菌株中筛选出S.cerevisiaeKG作为酒精生产菌株。该菌株具有较好的酒精发酵活力和絮凝性。使用具有细胞循环的连续发酵双罐系统,酒精生产强度达到30.5（g／1.h）。根据该系统的动力学模型,讨论了获得高强度酒精连续发酵的途径。     

Ultrasensitive nucleic acid biosensors for early cancer diagnostics

We have developed ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection systems involving an amplification step where the analytical signal correlates directly to the amount of nucleic acid in the solution So far, we have performed nucleic acid quantification on several breast cancer susceptibility genes and were able to detect nucleic acid amounts that ranged from 0.1–1.0 fg of nucleic acid, which is at least 1000 times more sensitive than conventional fluorescent detection methods. The biosensors are so sensitive that they can be used for direct detection of breast cancer susceptibility genes in mRNA without involving a PCR step.     

江西省野生维管植物名录

为了全面了解江西省野生维管植物资源的现状并为开展相应的生物多样性保护实践提供基础资料, 本文在前人的基础上, 通过进一步的文献收集、标本考证、数据分析, 并结合作者的野外调查结果, 按照维管植物最新的分类系统整理出江西省野生维管植物名录, 并根据标本信息核实了每个物种县市级的分布信息。结果显示, 江西省共有野生维管植物214科1,253属4,761种(含种下等级), 其中石松类与蕨类植物35科103属444种, 裸子植物5科21属36种, 被子植物174科1,129属4,281种。石松类与蕨类植物中, 物种数最多的前5个科为鳞毛蕨科(84种)、水龙骨科(55种)、凤尾蕨科(49种)、蹄盖蕨科(47种)和金星蕨科(47种), 最多的属是鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris, 40种); 裸子植物中物种数最多的科和属为松科(7属12种)和松属(Pinus, 5种); 被子植物是江西省野生维管植物的最主要组成部分, 分别占科、属、种总数的81.3%、90.1%和89.9%, 其中种数最多的前5个科分别是禾本科(315种)、菊科(241种)、蔷薇科(228种)、唇形科(200种)和豆科(197种), 前6个属依次是薹草属(Carex, 71种)、悬钩子属(Rubus, 66种)、冬青属(Ilex, 56种)、蓼属(Persicaria, 40种)、珍珠菜属(Lysimachia, 37种)和杜鹃花属(Rhododendron, 37种)。江西省维管植物调查呈现出地区不均衡性, 建议增加后续调查工作的广度和深度, 尤其在武夷山脉、赣南山区、鄱阳湖湿地等生物多样性较高或较特殊的地区进行补充采集。同时, 本文呼吁加强专科专属的分类学研究, 为后续名录的修订与完善奠定基础。