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41.
报道了一种修饰SOD的方法。所得硬脂酸修饰SOD比活力为每毫克蛋白10000单位,经鉴定已达均一程度。测得其分子量为35000.修饰SOD和天然SOD在紫外光区的最大吸收均在265nm。修饰SOD对温度、pH、蛋白酶水解的稳定性比天然SOD增强,且免疫原性消除。在低浓度的某些有机介质中活性比在水中高。 相似文献
42.
用Bacillussphaericus63菌为材料,经DNA-Sepharose和CibacronBlueF3GA-Sepharose两步亲和层析,将Bsp63Ⅰ纯化到均一程度。酶比活力达61400U/mg蛋白。用凝胶过滤法测得该酶分子量为113800。该酶样品在SDS-PAGE中呈现为一条蛋白带,并测得其亚基分子量为56800。用DNS-Cl法测得该酶N-末端氨基酸为丙氨酸。上述结果表明该酶分子是由两个相同亚基组成。 相似文献
43.
介绍了微量量热系统的基本结构和工作原理,以及微量量热法在酶学、细胞生物学、微生物学、植物生理学研究中的应用。 相似文献
44.
Alteration of seed fatty acid composition by an ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana affecting diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity. 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
V Katavic D W Reed D C Taylor E M Giblin D L Barton J Zou S L Mackenzie P S Covello L Kunst 《Plant physiology》1995,108(1):399-409
In characterizing the enzymes involved in the formation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in the Brassicaceae, we have generated a series of mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that have reduced VLCFA content. Here we report the characterization of a seed lipid mutant, AS11, which, in comparison to wild type (WT), has reduced levels of 20:1 and 18:1 and accumulates 18:3 as the major fatty acid in triacylglycerols. Proportions of 18:2 remain similar to WT. Genetic analyses indicate that the fatty acid phenotype is caused by a semidominant mutation in a single nuclear gene, designated TAG1, located on chromosome 2. Biochemical analyses have shown that the AS11 phenotype is not due to a deficiency in the capacity to elongate 18:1 or to an increase in the relative delta 15 or delta 12 desaturase activities. Indeed, the ratio of desaturase/elongase activities measured in vitro is virtually identical in developing WT and AS11 seed homogenates. Rather, the fatty acid phenotype of AS11 is the result of reduced diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity throughout development, such that triacylglycerol biosynthesis is reduced. This leads to a reduction in 20:1 biosynthesis during seed development, leaving more 18:1 available for desaturation. Thus, we have demonstrated that changes to triacylglycerol biosynthesis can result in dramatic changes in fatty acid composition and, in particular, in the accumulation of VLCFAs in seed storage lipids. 相似文献
45.
Early cytokine and chemokine gene expression in lymph nodes of macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus is predictive of disease outcome and vaccine efficacy. 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
W Zou A A Lackner M Simon I Durand-Gasselin P Galanaud R C Desrosiers D Emilie 《Journal of virology》1997,71(2):1227-1236
Competitive PCR was used to evaluate the expression of cytokine, granzyme B, and chemokine genes in lymph nodes of macaques recently infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) pathogenic molecular clone SIVmac239 (n = 16), the nonpathogenic vaccine strain SIVmac239 delta nef (n = 8), and the nonpathogenic molecular clone SIVmac1A11 (n = 8). For both SIVmac239 and its nef-deleted derivative, strong expression was observed as early as 7 days postinfection for interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon, and IL-13. The levels of gene induction were equally intense for both viruses despite a lower viral load for SIVmac239 deltanef compared with that for SIVmac239. However, the nature of the cytokine network activation varied with the viral inocula. Primary infection with SIVmac239 was characterized by a higher level of IL-4, IL-10, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MCP-1, and RANTES gene expression and a lower level of IL-12 and granzyme B gene expression compared with infection with SIVmac239 delta nef. Thus, infection with nef-deleted SIV was associated with a preferential Th1 versus Th2 pattern of cytokine production. Infection with SIVmac1A11 was characterized by a delayed immune response for all markers tested. The unique patterns of cytokine and chemokine gene expression in lymph nodes correlated nicely with the pathogenic potential of the SIV strains used as well as with differences in their ability to serve as protective vaccines. 相似文献
46.
The athermal bioeffects caused by nanosecond electromagnetic pulses with body cells was studied by using a broad band transverse EM-wave cell (BTEM CELL). The experimental system and preliminary mechanism analysis were presented. 相似文献
47.
Regulation of GABAB receptors by histamine and neuronal activity in the isolated spinal cord of neonatal opossum in culture. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D J Zou J M Treherne R R Stewart N R Saunders J G Nicholls 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》1991,246(1315):77-82
The aim of these experiments has been to analyse the properties of receptors for the transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in developing mammalian nervous system. Changes in responses of GABAB receptors have been measured after alterations of the chemical environment and the level of electrical activity. We have previously shown that when the central nervous system (CNS) of the new-born opossum, Monodelphis domestica, is cultured for three to five days in the presence of histidine, inhibition by baclofen, a GABAB agonist, disappears (Stewart et al. 1991). We have now investigated whether histidine acts indirectly by way of conversion to histamine. As with histidine, culture with 150 microM histamine for five days virtually abolished the inhibition by baclofen. The effects of histidine, as well as histamine, were blocked by mepyramine, a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, and by ranitidine, an H2-antagonist. Tetrodotoxin (TTX), which blocks all electrical activity, protected preparations from the action of histidine but not histamine. Our results suggest that histidine is converted to histamine, which reduces the efficacy of GABAB agonists. We conclude that, in the developing mammalian CNS, transmitter levels and electrical activity can selectively influence the properties of receptors. 相似文献
48.
A new method for estimating gross phosphorus mineralization and immobilization rates in soils 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
Phosphorus availability in soils is controlled by both the sizes of P pools and the transformation rates among these pools. Rates of gross P mineralization and immobilization are poorly known due to the limitations of available analytical techniques. We developed a new method to estimate P transformation rates in three forest soils and one grassland soil representing an Alfisol, an Ultisol, and Andisol, and a Mollisol. Three treatments were applied to each soil in order to separate the processes of mineral P solubilization, organic P mineralization, and solution P immobilization. One set of soils was retained as control, a second set was irradiated with -rays to stop microbial immobilization, and a third was irradiated and then autoclaved, also stop phosphatase activity. All three sets of samples were then incubated with anion exchange resin bags under aerobic conditions. Differences in resin P among the three treatments were used to estimate gross P mineralization and immobilization rates. Autoclaving did not affect resin-extractable P in any of the soils. Radiation did not alter resin-extractable P in the forest soils but increased resin-extractable P in the grassland soil. This increase was corrected in the calculation of potential P transformation rates. Effects of radiation on phosphatase activity varied with soils but was within 30% of the original values. Rates of P gross mineralization and immobilization ranged from 0.6–3.8 and 0–4.3 mg kg-soil-1 d-1, respectively, for the four soils. The net rates of solubilization of mineral P in the grassland soil were 7–10 times higher than the rates in forest soils. Mineralization of organic P contributed from 20–60% of total available P in the acid forest soils compared with 6% in the grassland soil, suggesting that the P mineralization processes are more important in controlling P availability in these forest ecosystems. This new method does not require an assumption of equilibrium among P pools, and is safer and simpler in operation than isotopic techniques. 相似文献
49.
50.
F T Greenaway C Y O'Gara J M Marchena J W Poku J G Urtiaga Y Zou 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1991,285(2):291-296
The carbonyl cofactor of bovine plasma amine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6), recently shown to be 6-hydroxydopa (also known as topa), has been spin labeled to the extent of one label per enzyme dimer molecule, using 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (4-amino-TEMPO) and 4-hydrazino-TEMPO followed by reduction with borohydride. By studying the EPR spectra of the labeled enzyme, it has been deduced that there is no magnetic interaction between the copper and the spin label, and that the spin label is at least 1.3 nm distant from the copper(II) ion in the resting enzyme. The bound label is strongly immobilized, is in a sterically constricted environment, and is not accessible to small anions. Removal of the copper does not alter the EPR spectrum of the label. The results are similar to results for porcine plasma amine oxidase, and show that the copper is not close to, and does not directly interact with, the topa-bound substrate. 相似文献