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Unraveling widespread polyploidy events throughout plant evolution is a necessity for
inferring the impacts of whole-genome duplication (WGD) on speciation, functional innovations, and to guide identification of
true orthologs in divergent taxa. Here, we employed an integrated syntenic and
phylogenomic analyses to reveal an ancient WGD that shaped the genomes of all commelinid monocots, including grasses,
bromeliads, bananas (Musa acuminata), ginger, palms, and other
plants of fundamental, agricultural, and/or horticultural interest. First,
comprehensive phylogenomic analyses revealed 1421 putative gene families that
retained ancient duplication shared by Musa (Zingiberales) and grass
(Poales) genomes, indicating an ancient WGD
in monocots. Intergenomic synteny blocks of Musa and
Oryza were investigated, and 30 blocks were shown to be
duplicated before Musa-Oryza divergence an
estimated 120 to 150 million years ago. Synteny comparisons of four monocot (rice
[Oryza sativa], sorghum [Sorghum bicolor],
banana, and oil palm [Elaeis guineensis]) and two eudicot (grape
[Vitis vinifera] and sacred lotus [Nelumbo
nucifera]) genomes also support this additional WGD in monocots, herein called Tau (τ). Integrating
synteny and phylogenomic comparisons achieves better resolution of ancient polyploidy
events than either approach individually, a principle that is exemplified in the
disambiguation of a WGD series of rho
(ρ)-sigma (σ)-tau (τ) in the grass lineages that echoes the
alpha (α)-beta (β)-gamma (γ) series previously revealed in the
Arabidopsis thaliana lineage. 相似文献