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81.
Michal Goga Dajana Ručová Vladislav Kolarčik Marko Sabovljević Martin Bačkor Ingeborg Lang 《Ecology and evolution》2018,8(5):2781-2787
Lichens and mosses often share the same environmental conditions where they compete for substrate and other essential factors. Lichens use secondary metabolites as allelochemicals to repel surrounding plants and potential rivals. In mosses, endoreduplication leads to the occurrence of various ploidy levels in the same individual and has been suggested as an adaptation to abiotic stresses. Here, we show that also biotic factors such as usnic acid, an allelochemical produced by lichens, directly influenced the level of ploidy in mosses. Application of usnic acid changed the nuclei proportion and significantly enhanced the endoreduplication index in two moss species, Physcomitrella patens and Pohlia drummondii. These investigations add a new aspect on secondary metabolites of lichens which count as biotic factors and affect ploidy levels in mosses. 相似文献
82.
Development of bacterioplankton was studied by manipulation of planktivorous fish and/or nutrients in experimental enclosures in a fish pond. Grazing pressure exerted by large zooplankton (Daphnia galeata and Daphnia pulicaria) strongly influenced the counts and size distribution of bacterial populations. Morphometric analyses by scanning electron microscope revealed a shift in size distribution from larger mainly rod-type bacteria under low grazing pressure towards smaller mainly coccus-type under strong grazing pressure. The metabolic activity of bacteria measured as glucose uptake was higher under strong grazing pressure. After removal of large daphnids, the increase in bacterial density was probably the result of two additive factors: low grazing pressure and high level of dissolved organic matter (DOM) due to photosynthetic activity of more abundant algae. Composition of bacterial populations shifted toward larger, rod-type bacteria, and their metabolic efficiency measured by uptake, was lowered. The basic dimensionality of the system and interactions between variables was describe by R-mode factor analysis. The manipulated enclosures were relate with factor score. 相似文献
83.
Objective
To investigate the levels of primary health care services for children and their changes in Zhejiang Province, China from 1998 to 2011.Methods
The data were drawn from Zhejiang maternal and child health statistics collected under the supervision of the Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province. Primary health care coverage, hospital deliveries, low birth weight, postnatal visits, breastfeeding, underweight, early neonatal (<7 days) mortality, neonatal mortality, infant mortality and under-5 mortality were investigated.Results
The coverage rates for children under 3 years old and children under 7 years old increased in the last 14 years. The hospital delivery rate was high during the study period, and the overall difference narrowed. There was a significant difference (P<0.001) between the prevalence of low birth weight in 1998 (2.03%) and the prevalence in 2011 (2.71%). The increase in low birth weight was more significant in urban areas than in rural areas. The postnatal visit rate increased from 95.00% to 98.45% with a significant difference (P<0.001). The breastfeeding rate was the highest in 2004 at 74.79% and lowest in 2008 at 53.86%. The prevalence of underweight in children under 5 years old decreased from 1.63% to 0.65%, and the prevalence was higher in rural areas. The early neonatal, neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality rates decreased from 6.66‰, 8.67‰, 11.99‰ and 15.28‰ to 1.69‰, 2.36‰, 3.89‰ and 5.42‰, respectively (P<0.001). The mortality rates in rural areas were slightly higher than those in urban areas each year, and the mortality rates were lower in Ningbo, Wenzhou, and Jiaxing regions and higher in Quzhou and Lishui regions.Conclusion
Primary health care services for children in Zhejiang Province improved from 1998 to 2011. Continued high rates of low birth weight in urban areas and mortality in rural areas may be addressed with improvements in health awareness and medical technology. 相似文献84.
用固定化弗劳地柠檬酸杆菌XP05从溶液中回收铂 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
比较了5种固定弗劳地柠檬酸杆菌XP05菌体的方法,其中明胶海藻酸钠包埋法为固定菌体的最佳方法。扫描电子显微镜观察表明,XP05菌体较均匀地分布于包埋基质中。固定化XP05菌体吸附Pt4+受吸附时间、固定化菌体浓度、溶液的pH值和Pt4+起始浓度的影响。吸附作用是一个快速的过程;吸附Pt4+的最适pH值为1.5;在50~250 mg P4+/L范围内,吸附量与Pt4+起始浓度成线性关系,吸附过程符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温模型。在Pt4+起始浓度250 mg/L、固定化菌体2.0 g/L、pH 1.5和30℃条件下,振荡吸附60 min, 吸附量为35.3 mg/g。0.5 mol/L HCl能使吸附在固定化菌体上的Pt解吸98.7%。从废铂催化剂处理液回收铂的结果表明,在Pt4+起始浓度111.8 mg/L、固定化菌体4.0 g/L、pH 1.5和30℃条件下,振荡吸附60 min, 吸附量为20.9 mg/g。在填充床反应器中,在Pt4+起始浓度50 mg/L、流速1.2 ml/min、固定化菌体1.86 g的条件下,饱和吸附量达24.7 mg/g; 固定化XP05菌体经4次吸附解吸循环后吸附率仍达78%。 相似文献
85.
随着人类基因组框架图的完成,解读大量基因的功能和表达调控成为亟待解决的问题。因此通过模式生物从个体水平、细胞水平和分子水平研究基因功能及其表达调控日益成为一个重要的研究领域。斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)是近年来崛起的一种模式生物。它的显著优势在于:个体小,便于大批量饲养;产卵量大,胚胎透明,易于观察和操作;体外发育,发育迅速,2—3天即可完成主要器官的建成;可以方便的进行大规模的诱变和突变型筛选等研究。它已成为脊椎动物胚胎发育遗传学和基因功能研究中理想的模式生物。整胚原位杂交技术是 相似文献
86.
水鹿(Rusa unicolor)和羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor)是国家重点保护野生动物,了解和掌握濒危物种的空间分布格局和对栖息地的利用特征是制定相关保护和管理策略的前提和基础。利用红外相机和样线法收集四川鞍子河保护地内水鹿和羚牛的实体、粪便和痕迹等点位信息,在得到水鹿124个、羚牛79个有效点位的基础上,结合15个环境因子,利用最大熵模型对保护地内水鹿和羚牛进行了栖息地适宜评价及其重叠性分析。结果表明:(1)水鹿和羚牛栖息地的适宜性评价结果均达到良好水平,其AUC值分别为0.888和0.813;(2)水鹿适宜和较适宜栖息地主要分布在保护地的中、南部海拔1474—3336 m区域,面积分别为943.23 hm2和3390.15 hm2,分别占保护地总面积的6.25%和22.48%;(3)羚牛适宜和较适宜栖息地主要分布在保护地中、西部海拔1467—3823 m区域,面积分别为1808.37 hm2和8384.35 hm2,分别占保护地总面积的11.99%和55.59%;(4)水鹿和羚牛... 相似文献
87.
88.
Binglin Yue Haiyan Yang Jian Wang Wenxiu Ru Jiyao Wu Yongzheng Huang Xianyong Lan Chuzhao Lei Hong Chen 《Cell proliferation》2020,53(7)
Exosomes are membrane‐bound extracellular vesicles that are produced in the endosomal compartment of most mammalian cell types and then released. Exosomes are effective carriers for the intercellular material transfer of material that can influence a series of physiological and pathological processes in recipient cells. Among loaded cargoes, non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) vary for the exosome‐producing cell and its homeostatic state, and characterization of the biogenesis and secretion of exosomal ncRNAs and the functions of these ncRNAs in skeletal muscle myogenesis remain preliminary. In this review, we will describe what is currently known of exosome biogenesis, release and uptake of exosomal ncRNAs, as well as the varied functions of exosomal miRNAs in skeletal muscle myogenesis. 相似文献
89.
免疫毒素Luffin B-Ng76对人黑色素瘤细胞的体外抑制作用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
用BlueSepharoseCL-6B凝胶亲和层析法从丝瓜籽中分离纯化了单链致核糖体失活蛋白(ribosomeinac-tivatingprotein,RIP)——lufinB。并将lufinB与抗人黑色素瘤细胞单抗Ng76制成了免疫毒素,命名为lufinB-Ng76,它对体外培养的黑色素瘤细胞M21有很强的抑制作用,IC50为2.5×10-11mol/L,毒性比游离的lufinB提高4000倍,而它对非靶的HeLa细胞的毒性较M21细胞低1200倍。结果提示lufinB用于制备免疫毒素具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
90.
蚯蚓体内一种纤溶酶原激活剂(e-PA)的分离纯化 总被引:21,自引:4,他引:21
为获得一种高效,低廉的溶栓药物,从赤子爱胜蚓(Eiseniafaetida)体内分离纯化出一种可体外激活纤溶酶原从而间接降解纤维蛋白的酶(e-PA).纯化过程包括:粗品的盐析,离子交换层析,凝胶过滤层析及疏水相互作用层析.该组份是由二个亚基通过疏水相互作用维系在一起的.通过凝胶过滤层析,可测得全酶的分子量为45000;SDS电泳显示大、小亚基的分子量分别是26000与18000;而质谱法测得的大、小亚基的分子量分别为24556.7与15546.6.对大小亚基进行了氨基酸组成分析,结果显示大亚基不含Lys而小亚基不含Cys.测定了大亚基N端25个氨基酸序列:VIGGTNASPGEIPWQLSQQRQSGSW.并与部分已知蛋白质序列进行了比较.e-PA在纤维蛋白平板上表现有三种不同的纤溶活性 相似文献