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991.
植物种质离体保存技术研究进展 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
本文综述了国内外植物种质离体保存技术最新研究进展。科学家们已发展了一系列行之有效的离体保存技术体系,进一步建立长期、安全、适用的离体保存技术体系及探索保存过程中遗传变异情况是今后的重要研究方向 相似文献
992.
993.
应用酶标仪动力学方法监测棉蚜的抗药性 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
用酶标仪动力学测定法对3个抗性水平不同的棉蚜品系(R1、R2和R3)和1个敏感品系(S)的羧酸酯酶进行了研究,S、R1、R2和R3品系对α-乙酸萘酯(α-NA)的平均比活力分别为57.10、1171.69、1236.14和3293.00μmol·mgpro-1·min-1(分光光度计终点测定法)和38.24、85.27、198.14和762.25mOD·min-1·aphid-1(酶标仪动力学法)。终点测定法结果显示出不同品系间最大相差达60倍;酶标仪动力学测定法研究表明,4个棉蚜品系羧酸酶活性与其抗药性程度显著相关。通过对这两种方法的比较,酶动力学方法的测定结果更可靠。 相似文献
994.
Improving the phenotype predictions of a yeast genome‐scale metabolic model by incorporating enzymatic constraints
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![点击此处可从《Molecular systems biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Avlant Nilsson Petri‐Jaan Lahtvee Eduard J Kerkhoven Jens Nielsen 《Molecular systems biology》2017,13(8)
Genome‐scale metabolic models (GEMs) are widely used to calculate metabolic phenotypes. They rely on defining a set of constraints, the most common of which is that the production of metabolites and/or growth are limited by the carbon source uptake rate. However, enzyme abundances and kinetics, which act as limitations on metabolic fluxes, are not taken into account. Here, we present GECKO, a method that enhances a GEM to account for enzymes as part of reactions, thereby ensuring that each metabolic flux does not exceed its maximum capacity, equal to the product of the enzyme's abundance and turnover number. We applied GECKO to a Saccharomyces cerevisiae GEM and demonstrated that the new model could correctly describe phenotypes that the previous model could not, particularly under high enzymatic pressure conditions, such as yeast growing on different carbon sources in excess, coping with stress, or overexpressing a specific pathway. GECKO also allows to directly integrate quantitative proteomics data; by doing so, we significantly reduced flux variability of the model, in over 60% of metabolic reactions. Additionally, the model gives insight into the distribution of enzyme usage between and within metabolic pathways. The developed method and model are expected to increase the use of model‐based design in metabolic engineering. 相似文献
995.
Climate and land use changes will degrade the configuration of the landscape for titi monkeys in eastern Brazil
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![点击此处可从《Global Change Biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Sidney F. Gouveia João Pedro Souza‐Alves Ludmila Rattis Ricardo Dobrovolski Leandro Jerusalinsky Raone Beltrão‐Mendes Stephen F. Ferrari 《Global Change Biology》2016,22(6):2003-2012
Land use changes have profound effects on populations of Neotropical primates, and ongoing climate change is expected to aggravate this scenario. The titi monkeys from eastern Brazil (Callicebus personatus group) have been particularly affected by this process, with four of the five species now allocated to threatened conservation status categories. Here, we estimate the changes in the distribution of these titi monkeys caused by changes in both climate and land use. We also use demographic‐based, functional landscape metrics to assess the magnitude of the change in landscape conditions for the distribution predicted for each species. We built species distribution models (SDMs) based on maximum entropy for current and future conditions (2070), allowing for different global circulation models and contrasting scenarios of glasshouse gas concentrations. We refined the SDMs using a high‐resolution map of habitat remnants. We then calculated habitat availability and connectivity based on home‐range size and the dispersal limitations of the individual, in the context of a predicted loss of 10% of forest cover in the future. The landscape configuration is predicted to be degraded for all species, regardless of the climatic settings. This include reductions in the total cover of forest remnants, patch size and functional connectivity. As the landscape configuration should deteriorate severely in the future for all species, the prevention of further loss of populations will only be achieved through habitat restoration and reconnection to counteract the negative effects for these and several other co‐occurring species. 相似文献
996.
肠道菌群失调对小鼠造血因子水平的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:观察肠道菌群失调后小鼠造血因子水平的变化.方法:采用抗生素脱污染造成小鼠肠道菌群失调的动物模型,用ELISA的方法检测血清白细胞介素-3(IL-3)、粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GMCSF)的含量.结果:菌群失调后小鼠血清IL-3和GM-CSF的含量均低于对照组(P<0.01);双歧杆菌数量与IL-3和GM-CSF含量存在显著正相关.结论:肠道菌群失调可影响机体造血功能. 相似文献
997.
Structural variation in human apolipoprotein E3 and E4: secondary structure, tertiary structure, and size distribution
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Chou CY Lin YL Huang YC Sheu SY Lin TH Tsay HJ Chang GG Shiao MS 《Biophysical journal》2005,88(1):455-466
Human apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a 299-amino-acid protein with a molecular weight of 34 kDa. The difference between the apoE3 and apoE4 isoforms is a single residue substitution involving a Cys-Arg replacement at residue 112. ApoE4 is positively associated with atherosclerosis and late-onset and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). ApoE4 and its C-terminal truncated fragments have been found in the senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain of AD patients. However, detail structural information regarding isoform and domain interaction remains poorly understood. We prepared full-length, N-, and C-terminal truncated apoE3 and apoE4 proteins and studied their structural variation. Sedimentation velocity and continuous size distribution analysis using analytical ultracentrifugation revealed apoE3(72-299) as consisting of a major species with a sedimentation coefficient of 5.9. ApoE4(72-299) showed a wider and more complicated species distribution. Both apoE3 and E4 N-terminal domain (1-191) existed with monomers as the major component together with some tetramer. The oligomerization and aggregation of apoE protein increased when the C-terminal domain (192-271) was incorporated. The structural influence of the C-terminal domain on apoE is to assist self-association with no significant isoform preference. Circular dichroism and fluorescence studies demonstrated that apoE4(72-299) possessed a more alpha-helical structure with more hydrophobic residue exposure. The structural variation of the N-terminal truncated apoE3 and apoE4 protein provides useful information that helps to explain the greater aggregation of the apoE4 isoform and thus has implication for the involvement of apoE4 in AD. 相似文献
998.
Developmental programming: State‐of‐the‐science and future directions–Summary from a Pennington Biomedical symposium
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![点击此处可从《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
999.
1000.
Synthetic peptides derived from SARS coronavirus S protein with diagnostic and therapeutic potential 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lu W Wu XD Shi MD Yang RF He YY Bian C Shi TL Yang S Zhu XL Jiang WH Li YX Yan LC Ji YY Lin Y Lin GM Tian L Wang J Wang HX Xie YH Pei G Wu JR Sun B 《FEBS letters》2005,579(10):2130-2136
The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is an important viral structural protein. Based on bioinformatics analysis, 10 antigenic peptides derived from the S protein sequence were selected and synthesized. The antigenicity and immunoreactivity of all the peptides were tested in vivo and in vitro. Four peptides (P6, P8, P9 and P10) which contain B cell epitopes of the S protein were identified, and P8 peptide was confirmed in vivo to have a potential in serological diagnosis. By using a syncytia formation model, we tested the neutralization ability of all 10 peptides and their corresponding antibodies. It is interesting to find that P8 and P9 peptides inhibited syncytia formation, suggesting that the P8 and P9 spanning regions may provide a good target for anti-SARS-CoV drug design. Our data suggest that we have identified peptides derived from the S protein of SARS-CoV, which are useful for SARS treatment and diagnosis. 相似文献