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121.
122.
Pingping He Xinping Ouyang Shouhong Zhou Weidong Yin Chaoke Tang Moshe Laudon Shaowen Tian 《Hormones and behavior》2013
Previous studies have shown that melatonin is implicated in modulating learning and memory processing. Melatonin also exerts neuroprotective activities against Aβ-induced injury in vitro and in vivo. Neu-P11 (piromelatine, N-(2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxamide) is a novel melatonin (MT1/MT2) receptor agonist and a serotonin 5-HT1A/1D receptor agonist recently developed for the treatment of insomnia. In the present study we firstly investigated whether Neu-P11 and melatonin enhance memory performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) task in rats, and then assessed whether Neu-P11 and melatonin improve neuronal and cognitive impairment in a rat model of Alzheimer' disease (AD) induced by intrahippocampal Aβ(1–42) injection. The results showed that a single morning or afternoon administration of Neu-P11 enhanced object recognition memory measured at 4 or 24 h after training. Melatonin was effective in the memory facilitating effects only when administered in the afternoon. Further results showed that intrahippocampal Aβ(1–42) injection resulted in hippocampal cellular loss, as well as decreased learning ability and memory in the Y maze and NOR tasks in rats. Neu-P11 but not melatonin attenuated cellular loss and cognitive impairment in the rat AD model. The current data suggest that Neu-P11 may serve as a novel agent for the treatment of AD. 相似文献
123.
Magali Moreau Timothy Westlake Giulio Zampogna George Popescu Miaoying Tian Christos Noutsos Sorina Popescu 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2013,76(4):603-614
Salicylic acid (SA) is a small phenolic molecule with hormonal properties, and is an essential component of the immune response. SA exerts its functions by interacting with protein targets; however, the specific cellular components modulated by SA and critical for immune signal transduction are largely unknown. To uncover cellular activities targeted by SA, we probed Arabidopsis protein microarrays with a functional analog of SA. We demonstrate that thimet oligopeptidases (TOPs) constitute a class of SA‐binding enzymes. Biochemical evidence demonstrated that SA interacts with TOPs and inhibits their peptidase activities to various degrees both in vitro and in plant extracts. Functional characterization of mutants with altered TOP expression indicated that TOP1 and TOP2 mediate SA‐dependent signaling and are necessary for the immune response to avirulent pathogens. Our results support a model whereby TOP1 and TOP2 act in separate pathways to modulate SA‐mediated cellular processes. 相似文献
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Tian Zhang Zhen Qi Yueyue Wang Fangyuan Zhang Renyong Li Qingsheng Yu Xiangbin Chen Huojun Wang Xin Xiong Kexuan Tang 《Microbiological research》2013,168(3):130-137
Lipase produced by Penicillium expansum is widely used in laundry detergent and leather industry; however, the absence of an efficient transformation technology sets a major obstacle for further enhancement of its lipase productivity through advanced gene engineering. In this work, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) was investigated for P. expansum PE-12 transformation, using hygromycin phosphotransferase (hph) as a selectable marker gene. As a result, we revealed that the frequency of transformation surpassed 100 transformants/105 condida, most of the integrated T-DNA appeared as a single copy at a random position in chromosomal DNA, and all the transformants showed mitotic stability. Facilitated by this newly established method, for the first time, P. expansum PE-12 was genetically engineered to improve the lipase yield, through a homologous expression vector carrying the endogenous lipase gene (PEL) driven by the strong constitutive promoter of the glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gpdA) from Aspergillus nidulans. The highest expression level of the engineered strain reached up to 1700 U/mL, nearly 2-fold of the original industrial strain (900 U/mL). Our reproducible ATMT system has not only revealed the great potential of homologous expression-directed genetic engineering, which is more efficient and specific compared to traditional mutagenesis, but also provided new possibilities and perspectives for any other practical applications of P. expansum-related genetic engineering in the future. 相似文献
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Xiaoqing Tian Yinghua Ling Likui Fang Peng Du Xianchun Sang Fangming Zhao Yunfeng Li Rong Xie Guanghua He 《Genes & genomics.》2013,35(1):87-93
Chlorophyll is an important photosynthetic pigment in the process of photosynthesis in plants and photosynthetic bacteria. Genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis in Arabidopsis and photosynthetic bacteria have been well documented. In rice, however, these genes have not been fully annotated. In this paper, a yellow-green leaf gene, yellow green leaf3 (ygl3) was cloned and analyzed. ygl3 encodes magnesium chelation ChlD (D) subunit, a key enzyme for chlorophyll synthesis, resulting in a yellow-green leaf phenotype in all growth stages in rice. Expression content of ygl3 is highest in the leaf blades, followed by the leaf sheaths, while there is virtually no expression of the gene in the stems and seeds. The sub-cellular structure and protein content of the photosynthetic system of the ygl3 mutant were revealed by transmission electron microscopy, BN-PAGE, and western blotting. The results show that the mutation of the ygl3 gene indirectly leads to a decrease in the protein content of the photosynthetic system and severely obstructs the formation of granum thylakoids. 相似文献
129.
The clinical use of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)‐derived neural cells requires an efficient differentiation process for mass production in a bioreactor. Toward this goal, neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in three‐dimensional (3D) polyethylene terephthalate microfibrous matrices was investigated in this study. To streamline the process and provide a platform for process integration, the neural differentiation of ESCs was induced with astrocyte‐conditioned medium without the formation of embryoid bodies, starting from undifferentiated ESC aggregates expanded in a suspension bioreactor. The 3D neural differentiation was able to generate a complex neural network in the matrices. When compared to 2D differentiation, 3D differentiation in microfibrous matrices resulted in a higher percentage of nestin‐positive cells (68% vs. 54%) and upregulated gene expressions of nestin, Nurr1, and tyrosine hydroxylase. High purity of neural differentiation in 3D microfibrous matrix was also demonstrated in a spinner bioreactor with 74% nestin + cells. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a scalable process based on 3D differentiation in microfibrous matrices for the production of ESC‐derived neural cells. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 29:1013–1022, 2013 相似文献
130.
Titanium alloy is one of the best materials for biomedical applications due to its superior biocompatibility, outstanding corrosion resistance, and low elastic modulus. However, the friction and wear behaviors of titanium alloys were sensitive to the environment including lubrication. In order to clarify the wear mechanism of titanium alloy under different lubrications including deionized water, physiological saline and bovine serum, the friction and wear tests were performed between Ti6Al4V plates and Si3N4 ball on a universal multi-functional tester. The friction and the wear rate of titanium alloy were measured under dry friction and three different lubrication conditions. The worn surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed that under the dry friction, the wear resistance of titanium alloy was the worst since the wear mechanism was mainly the combination of abrasive wear and oxidation wear. It was also found that Ti6Al4V alloy had low friction coefficient and wear rate under three lubrication conditions, and its wear mechanism was adhesive wear. 相似文献