全文获取类型
收费全文 | 169793篇 |
免费 | 6712篇 |
国内免费 | 7492篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 217篇 |
2023年 | 1023篇 |
2022年 | 2446篇 |
2021年 | 3981篇 |
2020年 | 2761篇 |
2019年 | 3405篇 |
2018年 | 14608篇 |
2017年 | 12756篇 |
2016年 | 10617篇 |
2015年 | 5046篇 |
2014年 | 5857篇 |
2013年 | 6235篇 |
2012年 | 10959篇 |
2011年 | 18688篇 |
2010年 | 15844篇 |
2009年 | 11686篇 |
2008年 | 13813篇 |
2007年 | 14915篇 |
2006年 | 3591篇 |
2005年 | 3315篇 |
2004年 | 3548篇 |
2003年 | 3428篇 |
2002年 | 2796篇 |
2001年 | 1894篇 |
2000年 | 1558篇 |
1999年 | 1149篇 |
1998年 | 716篇 |
1997年 | 654篇 |
1996年 | 603篇 |
1995年 | 595篇 |
1994年 | 540篇 |
1993年 | 426篇 |
1992年 | 527篇 |
1991年 | 451篇 |
1990年 | 361篇 |
1989年 | 321篇 |
1988年 | 228篇 |
1987年 | 289篇 |
1986年 | 204篇 |
1985年 | 190篇 |
1984年 | 154篇 |
1983年 | 144篇 |
1982年 | 120篇 |
1981年 | 99篇 |
1980年 | 62篇 |
1979年 | 68篇 |
1978年 | 66篇 |
1973年 | 63篇 |
1972年 | 298篇 |
1971年 | 307篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
992.
993.
中国大陆若干群体的黑果蝇的线粒体DNA多态性研究 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11
本文研究了果蝇D.virilis种群D.virilis线粒体DNA(mitochondrialDNA,mtDNA)的多态性。用9种限制性内切酶XbaⅠ,EcoRⅠ,PstⅠ,HindⅢ,BglⅡ,SacⅠ,ScaⅠ,EcoRV和PuvⅡ,对青岛、南京、上海、宁波与泉州5个D.virilis群体的mtDNA进行了限制性片段长度多态性(restrictionfragmentslengthpolymorphism,RFLP)的研究。在5群体中,发现5种不同的酶切图谱,它们彼此之间的遗传差异π为0.46%-1.76%,群体内遗传差异πij为0.00%-0.33%,群体间的差异dxy,为0.00%-0.82%。分布于中国大陆的D.virilis的群体间遗传差异在总遗传差异中所占比例γst值为24.62%。我们发现,D.virilis的栖息环境对mtDNA的遗传变异有十分明显的影响,而不同地理纬度的群体之间其遗传距离并无倾群(cline)表现。 相似文献
994.
发情期小灵猫行为的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文对笼养小灵猫发情期的繁殖行为进行了观察。结果表明:小灵猫一年有两次发情期,绝大部分的小灵猫在春季(2-4月)发情,少数个体在秋季(8月底至9月)出现第2次发情。发情期雄性小灵猫频繁地发出求偶叫声和增加擦香次数。雄猫的擦香行为和求偶叫声可促使雌猫的发情,发情期一系列性行为对雌雄交配的成功与否有重要的意义。 相似文献
995.
The resolvase protein of the gamma delta transposon is a site-specific recombinase that acts by a concerted break-and-join mechanism. To analyse the role of individual resolvase subunits in DNA strand cleavage, we have directed the binding of catalytic mutants to specific recombination crossover sites or half-sites. Our results demonstrate that the resolvase subunit bound at the half-site proximal to each scissile phosphodiester bond provides the Ser10 nucleophile and Arg8, Arg68 and Arg71 residues essential for cleavage and covalent attachment to the DNA. Several other residues near the presumptive active site are also shown to act in cis. Double-strand cleavage at one crossover site can proceed independently of cleavage at the other site, although interactions between the resolvase dimers bound at the two crossover sites remain essential. An appropriately oriented heterodimer of active and inactive protomers can in most cases mediate either a 'top' or 'bottom' single-strand cleavage, suggesting that there is no obligatory order of strand cleavages. Top-strand cleavage is associated with the topoisomerase I activity of resolvase, suggesting that a functional asymmetry may be imposed on the crossover site by the structure of the active synapse. 相似文献
996.
Lenzi Kaden Armando J. L. Pombeiro Yu Wang Ulrich Abram 《Inorganica chimica acta》1995,230(1-2):189-192
The Tc(I) mixed-ligand complex, trans-[Tc(dppe)2(butNC)2](PF6) (dppe=bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, butNC=tert-butyl-isocyanide) has been prepared from [Tc(tu−S)63+ (tu-S=thiourea) and a mixture of both ligands. The compound crystallizes triclinic in the space group ). The technetium atom has a slightly distorted octahedral coordination sphere with the isocyanide ligands in trans-position to each other. By cyclic voltammetry, at a Pt electrode, trans-[Tc(dppe)2(butNC)2](PF6) undergoes a single electron reversible oxidation at E1/2ox=0.91 V versus SCE. 相似文献
997.
Oligoribonuclease, an exoribonuclease specific for small oligoribonucleotides, was initially characterized 20 years ago (S. K. Niyogi and A. K. Datta, J. Biol. Chem. 250:7307-7312, 1975) and shown to be different from RNase II and polynucleotide phosphorylase. Here we demonstrate, using mutant strains and purified enzymes, that oligoribonuclease is not a manifestation of RNases D, BN, T, PH, and R, exoribonucleases discovered subsequently. Thus, oligoribonuclease is the eighth distinct exoribonuclease discovered in Escherichia coli. We also show that oligoribonuclease copurifies with polynucleotide phosphorylase. 相似文献
998.
999.
Abstract: The weaver mutant mouse (wv/wv) has an ~70% loss of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons, but the fractional DA release evoked by amphetamine (but not a high potassium level) has been shown to be greater from striatal slices of the weaver compared with +/+ mice. In the present work we tested the hypothesis that fractional DA release from weaver striatum would be greater when release was mediated by the DA transporter. Serotonin (5-HT)-stimulated fractional DA release was greater from weaver than from +/+ striatum. The release evoked by 5-HT in the presence of 10 µM nomifensine (an antagonist of the DA transporter) was less than in its absence, but the difference between weaver and +/+ striatum remained. In the presence of nomifensine, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)biguanide, classified as a 5-HT3 agonist, also induced a greater fractional release from weaver compared with +/+ striatum. When veratridine was used at a low concentration (1 µM), the fractional evoked release of DA was higher from the weaver in the presence and absence of nomifensine. These findings suggest that the reason for the difference in the responsiveness of the two genotypes to these release-inducing agents is not related to DA transporter function. 相似文献
1000.
Evaluation of cellulase recycling strategies for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Recycling of cellulases should lower the overall cost of lignocellulosiic bioconversion processes. In this study, three recycling strategies were evaluated to determine their efficiencies over five successive rounds of hydrolysis. The effect of lignin on recycling was examined by comparing water-washed, steam-exploded birch (WB; 32% lignin) and WB which had been further extracted with alkali and peroxide (PB; 4% lignin). When the cellulases were recovered from the residual substrates after partial hydrolysis of both substrates, the recovered cellulase activity toward the mixture of fresh and residual substrates decreased after each recycling step. When the cellulases in the supernatants were also recycled, up to 20% more activity could be recovered. In both of these cases, the recovered activities did not correspond to the activities expected from the amount of cellulase protein recovered during recycling. The best recovery was obtained when the cellulases were recovered from both the residue and the supernatant after complete hydrolysis of the PB substrate. In this case, all of the originally added cellulase activity could be recovered for four consecutive hydrolysis rounds. However, when the same recycling strategy was carried out using the WB substrate, the recovered cellulase activity declined quickly with each recycling round. In all three of the recycling strategies, lower cellulase activities were recovered from the substrates with higher lignin contents. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献