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71.
Ken Inouye Kunio Watanabe Yoshihiro Tochino Masashi Kobayashi Yukio Shigeta 《Biopolymers》1981,20(9):1845-1858
The trypsin-catalyzed coupling of bovine (Boc)2-desoctapeptide (B23-B30)-insulin with synthetic octapeptides, H-Gly-X2-X3-X4-Thr-Pro-Lys(Boc)-Thr-OH (X2 = Phe or Ala, X3 = Phe or Ala, X4 = Tyr or Ala), followed by deprotection and purification produced the [AlaB24, ThrB30]-, [AlaB25, ThrB30]-, and [AlaB26, ThrB30]-analogs of bovine insulin in yields of 32, 35, and 32%, respectively. The biological activity of these analogs decreased in the order, normal insulin ([ThrB30]-bovine insulin) = AlaB26-insulin > AlaB25-insulin > AlaB24-insulin, as assayed for receptor binding and some other biological effects, in contrast with the corresponding Leu-analogs of human insulin, in which the activity decreased in the order, normal insulin > LeuB24-insulin > LeuB25-insulin. The affinity to insulin antibodies greatly diminished in both AlaB24-insulin and LeuB24-insulin but not in the B25-substituted analogs. The CD spectra of the Leu- and the Ala-analogs were compared with those of normal insulins to show that no apparent correlation seems to exist between the decrease in biological activity and the conformational changes observed in solution. The effects of organic solvents on the peptide-bond equilibrium and on the stability of trypsin are also discussed. 相似文献
72.
73.
A thiosulfate-oxidizing enzyme was partially purified fromChromatium vinosum, and some of its properties were studied. The enzyme rapidly reducede HiPIP (high-potential nonheme iron protein) in the
presence of thiosulfate. Cytochromesc of yeast and tuna and ferricyanide also acted well as electron acceptors for the enzyme; horse cytochromec was a poor electron acceptor. Cytochromec-552, cytochromec′, and cytochromec-553 did not act as electron acceptors. The enzyme was inhibited by cyanide and sulfite. On the basis of the stoichiometry
in reduction of ferricyanide catalyzed by the enzyme in the presence of thiosulfate, the oxidized product of thiosulfate was
inferred to be tetrathionate. 相似文献
74.
Hajime Sakaguchi Hiromi Hagiwara Yoshihiro Fukumori Yutaka Tamaura Minoru Funaki Shigehisa Hirose 《FEMS microbiology letters》1993,107(2-3):169-173
Abstract The magnetic bacterium Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum prefers a microaerobic habitat and should be able to sense oxygen. Therefore, the bacterium was cultured under atmospheres containing 0–5% O2 and analyzed for oxygen-dependent changes in the levels of its protein components by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyccrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The analysis revealed a marked anaerobic induction of a 140-kDa protein, which was suppressed when M. magnetotacticum was switched from microaerobic (<1% O2 ) to aerobic (>1% O2 ) growth conditions. Although its function remains to be determined, the 140-kDa protein may serve as a useful tool to gain insight into the physiology of the organism. 相似文献
75.
Comparison of the Virulence of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
Sadao Mizobuchi Junzaburo Minami Fu Jin Osamu Matsushita Akinobu Okabe 《Microbiology and immunology》1994,38(8):599-605
The virulence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was compared with that of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), using 13 MRSA and 7 MSSA strains isolated from clinical specimens. The infectivity and lethality of the two groups were examined as to the inoculum required to infect 50% of guinea pigs (ID50) and to kill 50% of mice (LD50), respectively. The mean ID50 [log10 colony forming units (CFU)] for MRSA strains was 7.1 ± 0.60 standard deviation, which was 1.5 higher than that for MSSA strains (P < 0.001). The mean LD50 (log10 CFU) for MRSA strains was 9.0 ± 0.42, being 1.1 higher than that for MSSA strains (P = 0.001). Pretreatment of mice with cyclophosphamide decreased the mean LD50 for MRSA strains more than that for MSSA strains, resulting in the difference in the mean LD50 being insignificant (P = 0.502). These results indicate that MRSA is less virulent than MSSA in normal hosts, but that they are equally virulent in immunocompromised hosts. The growth of MRSA strains was much slower than that of MSSA strains in the lag phase, although their growth rates were almost the same in the exponential growth phase, suggesting that the difference in virulence between them may be at least partly due to such a difference in growth. 相似文献
76.
The Oligocene Epoch was a time of major radiation of the Odontoceti (echolocating toothed whales, dolphins). Fossils reveal many odontocete lineages and considerable structural diversity, but whether the clades include some crown taxa or only archaic groups is contentious. The New Zealand fossil dolphin “Prosqualodon” marplesi (latest Oligocene, ≥23.9 Ma) is here identified as a crown odontocete that represents a new genus, Otekaikea, and adds to the generic diversity of Oligocene odontocetes. Otekaikea marplesi is known only from the holotype, which comprises a partial skeleton from the marine Otekaike Limestone of the Waitaki Valley. Otekaikea marplesi was about 2.5 m long; it had procumbent anterior teeth, and a broad dished face for the nasofacial muscles implicated in production of echolocation sounds. The prominent condyles and unfused cervical vertebrae suggest a flexible neck. A phylogenetic analysis based on morphological features places Otekaikea marplesi in the extinct group Waipatiidae, within the clade Platanistoidea. The phylogeny implies an Oligocene origin for the lineage now represented by the endangered Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica), supporting an Oligocene history for the crown Odontoceti. 相似文献
77.
To study the participation of chloroplast protein synthesisduring the three phases [Matsuda (1974) Biochim. Biophys. Acta366:45] of the greening process in Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiy-1, the greening characteristics in the low-chloroplast ribosomemutant y-1 ac-20 were compared with those in the y-1. In thedouble mutant cells Chl synthesis proceeded with an extendedlag and without a second transition point. The development ofpotential for rapid Chl synthesis (P-factor formation) was alsodelayed. Furthermore, PS I activity increased significantly,whereas PS II activity developed very little during greeningof the double mutant cells. The results indicate that greeningin double mutant cells occurs with no apparent late phase. (Received November 26, 1984; Accepted February 25, 1985) 相似文献
78.
Reiko Nishino Shohei Hamada Elghareeb E. Elboray Yoshihiro Ueda Takeo Kawabata Takumi Furuta 《Chirality》2020,32(5):588-593
Axial chirality in N,N-dimethylaminopyridines as well as N,N-dipropylaminopyridines bearing an internal carboxy group were evaluated based on their racemization barriers and circular dichroism spectra. The half-life of racemization of N,N-dipropylaminopyridine derivative 2 was estimated to be 19.7 days at 20°C. Its enantiomers isolated as optically active forms showed positive-negative and negative-positive Cotton effects for (+)- 2 and (−)- 2 , respectively, from 310 to 210 nm. Furthermore, (−)- 2 was applied as a chiral nucleophilic catalyst and exhibited asymmetric induction in acylative kinetic resolution of 1-(1-naphthyl)ethane-1-ol. 相似文献
79.
Mori Hideki Masaki Takashi Tsunamoto Yoshihiro Naoe Shoji 《Journal of plant research》2020,133(2):193-203
Journal of Plant Research - Lianas have a huge influence on forest structure and function. However, it is unclear how the surrounding environment affects the establishment of liana seedlings in... 相似文献
80.