mirRNA-17-5p抑制物对骨肉瘤细胞系SOSP_9607增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨miR-17-5p抑制物对于骨肉瘤细胞系SOSP_9607细胞增殖和凋亡的影响.方法:四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞增殖,进一步计算抑制率,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡.将SOSP_9607细胞分为对照组和实验组,对照组分为阴性对照和正常细胞对照组.实验组采用miR-17-5p抑制物(hsa-miR-17-5p inhibitors)抑制SOSP_9607细胞内miR-17-5p的活性.结果:与对照组相比,实验组显著抑制SOSP_9607细胞的增殖,有明显的剂量依赖性(P<0.01).随着浓度从50 nmol/L逐渐增加至200 nmol/L,抑制率逐渐增高(P<0.01).实验组凋亡率(9.6±1.8)%与阴性对照组凋亡率(3.5±0.4)%相比明显增高(P<0.01).结论:miR-17-5p抑制物通过抑制SOSP_9607细胞中miR-17-5p的活性对SOSP_9607细胞的增殖和凋亡发挥重要作用.     

Parents' Knowledge about Enterobiasis Might Be One of the Most Important Risk Factors for Enterobiasis in Children

To know the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection and what are the most important risk factors, we evaluated the incidence and risk factors of enterobiasis among children attended in kindergartens in Busan metropolitan city, Republic of Korea. A total of 1,674 children from 21 kindergartens in 11 of 16 autonomous districts of Busan were evaluated for E. vermicularis infection by the cellotape anal swab technique. The overall egg-positive rate for E. vermicularis was 10.7% (179/1,674), and the prevalence of enterobiasis in each kindergarten ranged between 0% and 32.4%. There was an increasing tendency of the egg positive rate according to the population density; the higher the population density communities had, the higher egg-positive rate for E. vermicularis was detected (P = 0.001). Among personal hygiene factors involving children, thumb-sucking (P = 0.036) and fingernail-trimming (P = 0.024) were highly associated with enterobiasis. In addition, taking anthelmintic medications against E. vermicularis infection was strongly associated with enterobiasis (P = 0.014). Moreover, parents'' knowledge of enterobiasis was correlated significantly with the incidence of enterobiasis of their children (P = 0.006). In conclusion, we need to consider not only personal hygiene but also parents'' knowledge about enterobiasis as a factor in order to develop new strategies for elimination or to complete reduction of enterobiasis in Korea.     

Association between polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP-11) and Kawasaki disease in the Korean population

AimsThis study was conducted to investigate the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Kawasaki disease (KD) in the Korean population.Main methodsA total 0f 101 KD patients and 306 healthy controls were examined. MMP7 (rs10502001, G/A, Arg77His), MMP11 (rs738792, T/C, Ala38Val), MMP12 (rs652438, A/G, Ile357Val) and MMP26 (rs2499953, A/G, Lys43Glu) genes were genotyped from the genomic DNA using direct sequencing. The results were then analyzed using logistic regression models, adjusting for gender as covariates.Key findingsThe four SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Only the MMP11 polymorphism (rs738792) was associated with KD. The SNP (rs738792) showed a statistically significant association with KD in the codominant (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.11–2.34, P = 0.011) and dominant (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.21–3.06, P = 0.006) models. However, there was no association between polymorphisms of other MMP genes and KD.SignificanceOverall, the results of this study indicate that MMP11 polymorphism may be associated with KD in the Korean population.     

Multiple copies of 16S rRNA gene affect the restriction patterns and DGGE profile revealed by analysis of genome database

The use of 16S rRNA gene has been a “golden” method to determine the diversity of microbial communities in environmental samples, phylogenetic relationships of prokaryotes and taxonomic position of newly isolated organisms. However due to the presence of multiple heterogeneous 16S rRNA gene copies in many strains, the interpretation of microbial ecology via 16S rRNA sequences is complicated. Purpose of present paper is to demonstrate the extent to which the multiple heterogeneous 16S rRNA gene copies affect RFLP patterns and DGGE profiles by using the genome database. In present genome database, there are 782 bacterial strains in total whose genomes have been completely sequenced and annotated. Among the total strains, 639 strains (82%) possess multiple 16S rRNA gene copies, 415 strains (53%) whose multiple copies are heterogeneous in sequences as revealed by alignment, 236 strains (30%) whose multiple copies show different restrict patterns by CSP6I+HinfI, MspI+RsaI or HhaI as analyzed in silico. Polymorphisms of the multiple copies in certain strains were further characterized by G+C% and phy-logentic distances based on the sequences of V3 region, which are linked to DGGE patters. Polymorphisms of a few strains were shown as examples. Using artificial communities, it is demonstrated that the presence of multiple heterogeneous 16S rRNA gene copies potentially leads to over-estimation of the diversity of a community. It is suggested that care must be taken when interpreting 16S rRNA-based RFLP and DGGE data and profiling an environmental community.     

Multiple copies of 16s rRNA gene affect the restriction patterns and DGGE profile as revealed by analysis of genome database

The use of 16S rRNA gene has been a "golden" method to determine the diversity of microbial communities in environmental samples, phylogenetic relationships of prokaryotes and taxonomic position of newly isolated organisms. However due to the presence of multiple heterogeneous 16S rRNA gene copies in many strains, the interpretation of microbial ecology via 16S rRNA sequences is complicated. Purpose of present paper is to demonstrate the extent to which the multiple heterogeneous 16S rRNA gene copies affect RFLP patterns and DGG E profiles by using the genome database. In present genome database, there are 782 bacterial strains in total whose genomes have been completely sequenced and annotated. Among the total strains, 639 strains (82%) possess multiple 16S rRNA gene copies, 415 strains (53%) whose multiple copies are heterogeneous in sequences as revealed by alignment, 236 strains (30%) whose multiple copies show different restrict patterns by CSP61 + Hinfl, MspI + Rsal or HhaI as analyzed in silico. Polymorphisms of the multiple copies in certain strains were further characterized by G + C% and phylogentic distances based on the sequences of V3 region, which are linked to DGGE patters. Polymorphisms of a few strains were shown as examples. Using artificial communities, it is demonstrated that the presence of multiple heterogeneous 16S rRNA gene copies potentially leads to over-estimation of the diversity of a community. It is suggested that care must be taken when interpreting 16S rRNA-based RFLP and DGGE data and profiling an environmental community.     

The C-terminal zinc finger domain of Arabidopsis cold shock domain proteins is important for RNA chaperone activity during cold adaptation

Among the four cold shock domain proteins (CSDPs) identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, it has recently been shown that CSDP1 harboring seven CCHC-type zinc fingers, but not CSDP2 harboring two CCHC-type zinc fingers, function as a RNA chaperone during cold adaptation. However, the structural features relevant to this differing RNA chaperone activity between CSDP1 and CSDP2 remain largely unknown. To determine which structural features are necessary for the RNA chaperone activity of the CSDPs, the importance of the N-terminal cold shock domain (CSD) and the C-terminal zinc finger glycine-rich domains of CSDP1 and CSDP2 were assessed. The results of sequence motif-swapping and deletion experiments showed that, although the CSD itself harbored RNA chaperone activity, the number and length of the zinc finger glycine-rich domains of CSDPs were crucial to the full activity of the RNA chaperones. The C-terminal domain itself of CSDP1, harboring seven CCHC-type zinc fingers, also has RNA chaperone activity. The RNA chaperone activity and nuclei acid-binding property of the native and chimeric proteins were closely correlated with each other. Collectively, these results indicate that a specific modular arrangement of the CSD and the zinc finger domain determines both the RNA chaperone activity and nucleic acid-binding property of CSDPs; this, in turn, contributes to enhanced cold tolerance in plants as well as in bacteria.     

Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in subcellular root tissues of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

Background

Because of the increasing quantity and high toxicity to humans of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment, several bioremediation mechanisms and protocols have been investigated to restore PAH-contaminated sites. The transport of organic contaminants among plant cells via tissues and their partition in roots, stalks, and leaves resulting from transpiration and lipid content have been extensively investigated. However, information about PAH distributions in intracellular tissues is lacking, thus limiting the further development of a mechanism-based phytoremediation strategy to improve treatment efficiency.

Results

Pyrene exhibited higher uptake and was more recalcitrant to metabolism in ryegrass roots than was phenanthrene. The kinetic processes of uptake from ryegrass culture medium revealed that these two PAHs were first adsorbed onto root cell walls, and they then penetrated cell membranes and were distributed in intracellular organelle fractions. At the beginning of uptake (< 50 h), adsorption to cell walls dominated the subcellular partitioning of the PAHs. After 96 h of uptake, the subcellular partition of PAHs approached a stable state in the plant water system, with the proportion of PAH distributed in subcellular fractions being controlled by the lipid contents of each component. Phenanthrene and pyrene primarily accumulated in plant root cell walls and organelles, with about 45% of PAHs in each of these two fractions, and the remainder was retained in the dissolved fraction of the cells. Because of its higher lipophilicity, pyrene displayed greater accumulation factors in subcellular walls and organelle fractions than did phenanthrene.

Conclusions

Transpiration and the lipid content of root cell fractions are the main drivers of the subcellular partition of PAHs in roots. Initially, PAHs adsorb to plant cell walls, and they then gradually diffuse into subcellular fractions of tissues. The lipid content of intracellular components determines the accumulation of lipophilic compounds, and the diffusion rate is related to the concentration gradient established between cell walls and cell organelles. Our results offer insights into the transport mechanisms of PAHs in ryegrass roots and their diffusion in root cells.     

Proteome characterization of cassava (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Manihot esculenta</Emphasis> Crantz) somatic embryos,plantlets and tuberous roots

Background  

Proteomics is increasingly becoming an important tool for the study of many different aspects of plant functions, such as investigating the molecular processes underlying in plant physiology, development, differentiation and their interaction with the environments. To investigate the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) proteome, we extracted proteins from somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots of cultivar SC8 and separated them by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).     

Peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (<Emphasis Type="Italic">PADI4</Emphasis>) haplotypes interact with shared epitope regardless of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody or erosive joint status in rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study

Introduction  

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies (anti-CCP) are the most specific serologic marker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Genetic polymorphisms in a citrullinating (or deiminating) enzyme, peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) have been reproducibly associated with RA susceptibility in several populations. We investigated whether PADI4 polymorphisms contribute to anti-CCP-negative as well as -positive RA, whether they influence disease severity (erosive joint status), and whether they interact with two major risk factors for RA, Human Leukocyte Antigen-DRB1 (HLA-DRB1) shared epitope (SE) alleles and smoking, depending on anti-CCP and erosive joint status.