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11.
Yogo K Tojima H Ohno JY Ogawa T Nakamura N Hirose S Takeya T Kohsaka T 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2012,137(1):53-65
MARCH11, a RING-finger transmembrane ubiquitin ligase, is predominantly expressed in spermatids and localized to the trans-Golgi
network (TGN) and multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Because ubiquitination acts as a sorting signal of cargo proteins, MARCH11
has been postulated to mediate selective protein sorting via the TGN–MVB pathway. However, the physiological substrate of
MARCH11 has not been identified. In this study, we have identified and characterized SAMT1, a member of a novel 4-transmembrane
protein family, which consists of four members. Samt1 mRNA and its expression product were found to be specific to the testis and were first detected in germ cells 25 days after
birth in mice. Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that SAMT1 was specifically expressed in haploid spermatids during
the cap and acrosome phases. Confocal microscopic analysis showed that SAMT1 co-localized with MARCH11 as well as with fucose-containing
glycoproteins, another TGN/MVB marker, and LAPM2, a late endosome/lysosome marker. Furthermore, we found that MARCH11 could
increase the ubiquitination of SAMT1 and enhance its lysosomal delivery and degradation in an E3 ligase activity-dependent
manner. In addition, the C-terminal region of SAMT1 was indispensable for its ubiquitination and proper localization. The
other member proteins of the SAMT family also showed similar expression profile, intracellular localization, and biochemical
properties, including ubiquitination by MARCH11. These results suggest that SAMT family proteins are physiological substrates
of MARCH11 and are delivered to lysosomes through the TGN–MVB pathway by a ubiquitin-dependent sorting system in mouse spermatids. 相似文献
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Cyperus esculentus tubers and early growth of their sprouts. Percent sprouting increased with increasing temperature within the range of 12
to 38 C, while no sprouting occurred at 10 C and few tubers sprouted at 42 C. The rate of sprouting also increased with temperature
up to 35 C. A base temperature of 11.4 C was determined for bud-sprouting of tubers in this species. Higher temperatures led
to larger sprouts and greater survival rate. In particular, increased temperature favored root growth, and hence resulted
in high root: shoot ratio of the sprouts. Larger tubers produced larger sprouts as a consequence of mobilizing a greater amount
of their reserves, but they tended to utilize a smaller proportion of their reserves. The efficiency of reserve utilization
significantly differed among the incubation temperatures, and its relation with temperature followed a quadratic pattern.
This pattern is different from that documented for the bud-sprouting of rhizomes and stolons of other perennials. Our results
demonstrate that temperature is crucial to the successful establishment of C. esculentus.
Received 24 June 1999/ Accepted in revised form 14 December 1999 相似文献
16.
Strain variation of R5 direct repeats in the right-hand portion of the long unique segment of varicella-zoster virus DNA 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
We located a region of interstrain size variability in a short segment in an area at the right-hand end of the long unique sequence of the varicella-zoster viral genome. Varicella-zoster virus strains isolated in a district of Japan were classified into three groups on the basis of the size of this segment. Sequence comparison of the variable segment among strains from different groups revealed that the tandem direct repeat, R5, in the segment was variable among strains. R5, which was first discovered in a European strain (Dumas), contained a direct duplication of 88-base-pair (bp) elements separated by a 24-bp element (A.J. Davison and J.E. Scott, J. Gen. Virol. 67:1759-1816, 1986). We found that one 88-bp element and one 24-bp element constitute a repeating unit whose copy number varied from one to three among strains. The simplest R5 we detected was similar to that of Dumas, but there were a few base mismatches between these two R5 structures. 相似文献
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Yurika Yogo Seitaro Fujishima Takashi Inoue Fumitake Saito Takayuki Shiomi Kazuhiro Yamaguchi Akitoshi Ishizaka 《Respiratory research》2009,10(1):80
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronically progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Previously, we have demonstrated the selective upregulation of the macrophage-derived chemokine CCL22 and the thymus activation-regulated chemokine CCL17 among chemokines, in a rat model of radiation pneumonitis/pulmonary fibrosis and preliminarily observed an increase in bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid CCL22 levels of IPF patients.Methods
We examined the expression of CCR4, a specific receptor for CCL22 and CCL17, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cells, as well as the levels of CCL22 and CCL17, to elucidate their pathophysiological roles in pulmonary fibrosis. We also studied their immunohistochemical localization.Results
BAL fluid CCL22 and CCL17 levels were significantly higher in patients with IPF than those with collagen vascular diseases and healthy volunteers, and there was a significant correlation between the levels of CCL22 and CCL17 in patients with IPF. CCL22 levels in the BAL fluid did not correlate with the total cell numbers, alveolar lymphocytes, or macrophages in BAL fluid. However, the CCL22 levels significantly correlated with the numbers of CCR4-expressing alveolar macrophages. By immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis, localization of CCL22 and CCR4 to CD68-positive alveolar macrophages as well as that of CCL17 to hyperplastic epithelial cells were shown. Clinically, CCL22 BAL fluid levels inversely correlated with DLco/VA values in IPF patients.Conclusion
We speculated that locally overexpressed CCL22 may induce lung dysfunction through recruitment and activation of CCR4-positive alveolar macrophages. 相似文献19.
Zheng HY Sugimoto C Hasegawa M Kobayashi N Kanayama A Rodas A Mejia M Nakamichi J Guo J Kitamura T Yogo Y 《Journal of molecular evolution》2003,56(1):18-27
Many genetic studies using human mtDNA or the Y chromosome have been conducted to elucidate the relationships among the three Native American groups speaking Amerind, Na-Dene, and Eskimo-Aleut. Human polyomavirus JC (JCV) may also help to gain insights into this issue. JCV isolates are classified into more than 10 geographically distinct genotypes (designated subtypes here), which were generated by splits in the three superclusters, Types A, B, and C. A particular subtype of JCV (named MY) belonging to Type B is spread in both Japanese/Koreans and Native Americans speaking Amerind or Na-Dene. In this study, we evaluated the phylogenetic relationships among MY isolates worldwide, using the whole-genome approach, with which a highly reliable phylogeny of JCV isolates can be reconstructed. Thirty-six complete sequences belonging to MY (10 from Japanese/Koreans, 24 from Native Americans, and 2 from others), together with 54 belonging to other subtypes around the world, were aligned and subjected to phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor-joining and maximum-likelihood methods. In the resultant phylogenetic trees, the MY sequences diverged into two Japanese/Korean and five Native American clades with high bootstrap probabilities. Two of the Native American clades contained isolates mainly from Na-Denes and the others contained isolates mainly from Amerinds. The Na-Dene clades were not clustered together, nor were the Amerind clades. In contrast, the two Japanese/Korean clades were clustered at a high bootstrap probability. We concluded that there is no distinction between Amerinds and Na-Denes in terms of indigenous JCVs, although they are linguistically distinguished from each other. 相似文献
20.
Miranda JJ Sugimoto C Paraguison R Takasaka T Zheng HY Yogo Y 《American journal of physical anthropology》2003,120(2):125-132
The Philippines is generally believed to have been established by various peoples who migrated from neighboring areas. To gain new insights into the peopling of the Philippines, we used the JC virus (JCV) genotyping approach. We collected about 50 urine samples on each of two representative islands of the Philippines, Luzon and Cebu. DNA was extracted from the urine samples and used to amplify the 610-bp region (IG region) of the viral genome. For each island, we determined about 20 IG sequences, from which a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed to classify the JCV isolates detected into distinct genotypes. The predominant genotype detected was SC, the Southeast Asian genotype. Minor JCV genotypes were SC/Phi, B1-a, and B3. SC/Phi was a subcluster of SC and has not been detected in areas other than the Philippines. B1-a was detected previously in mainland China, Pamalican Island (Palawan, Philippines), and Taiwan (an aboriginal tribe). B3 was classified in this study into two subgroups, one (B3-a) containing three Luzon isolates and several Chinese, Thai, and Uzbek isolates, the other (B3-b) containing two Luzon, one Cebu, and one Indonesian isolate. These findings suggest that the modern Filipino population was formed not only by Southeast Asians carrying SC but also by a few distinct ethnic groups carrying SC/Phi, B1-a, and B3-a or -b. 相似文献