Expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana Histone Gene AtHTA1 Enhances Rice Transformation Efficiency

We expressed the Arabidopsis thaliana histone AtHTA1 in rice under the control of the maize ubiquitin promoter. Transformation efficiencies of rice plants that constitutively expressed AtHTA 1 were 28-44% higher than calli containing an empty vector control. Furthermore, co-infection of rice calli with a vector containing AtHTA 1 and another vector with the target gene increased transformation by 27-50%. Thus, expression of AtHTA 1 either transiently or in stably transformed cells improved rice transformation efficiency.     

半干旱地区3种植物叶片水平的抗旱耐旱特性分析——两个气孔导度模型的应用和比较

在对半干旱区3种植物进行生理生态特性测定的基础上,应用两种气孔导度模型进行参数的非线性拟合,BBL模型平均可以解释77.6%的结果,Gao模型平均可以解释59.3%的结果。但Gao模型作为一个机理性的模型,其参数具有明确的物理意义。模型的行为和敏感性分析结果说明,用BBL计算的气孔导度一般大于Gao模型。BBL模型对于干旱胁迫下的土壤水分亏缺没有响应, 因而不适合用作干旱半干旱区的植物生理生态学分析和生态系统模拟。而Gao模型可以描述在各种水分条件下植物气孔导度的响应。Gao模型的结果说明,与油松 (Pinus tabulaeformis) 和中间锦鸡儿 (Caragana intermedia) 比较,小叶杨 (Populus simonii) 具有最小的抗旱和耐旱能力,油松具有最好的叶片水平的耐旱和抗旱特性,但其气孔导度对土壤水分的不敏感意味着在干旱条件下维持光合作用的同时,也可能会导致过多的水分损失。中间锦鸡儿具有很强的耐旱性,且其气孔导度对土壤水分的变化敏感,二者相结合,中间锦鸡儿可以在土壤水分条件较好的情况下,维持较大的气孔导度以满足光合作用的需要,但在土壤水分胁迫严重的时候能迅速降低气孔导度以保持土壤水分。     

皇甫川流域柠条林地水分动态模拟——坡度、坡向、植被密度与土壤水分的关系

在皇甫川流域,随着林草覆盖度的增加,植被与水的矛盾日益突出,其中一个重要的问题就是植被密度与土壤水分之间的矛盾。土壤水分的降低影响了植被的生长,甚至导致了部分植被的死亡,因此对土壤水分与植被密度之间的关系进行研究非常重要,有助于合理造林密度的确定。在已有研究及实验观测的基础上,建立了柠条(Caragana intermedia)林地土壤水分动态模拟模型,模型考虑了主要的土壤、植物过程,包括土壤性状、降雨入渗、植物蒸腾、地表蒸发等;模拟了从1971至2000年,30年里各种立地条件(不同盖度、坡向和坡度)下的柠条林地土壤水分、蒸腾和蒸发等的日动态过程。通过比较不同立地条件下的土壤水分动态,研究了皇甫川流域典型柠条林地土壤水分与植被盖度、坡向和坡度之间的关系,并得出了它们之间的关系式。由得到的平地上柠条的适宜密度,同时结合上述关系式,得出了不同坡度、坡向的适宜密度。坡度小于10°时,适宜造林密度对坡度反应敏感,在10°~30°时,适宜盖度对坡度反应不敏感。对于小于10°的坡地,植被建设时要特别注意设计合理的植被密度。     

叉孢苏铁茎的解剖学研究

对叉孢苏铁茎的解剖结构进行了仔细的研究,结果表明:叉孢苏铁茎具有发达的皮层,皮层及髓中具有黏液道,有外韧型和周韧型的维管束分布在皮层中,但主要以外韧型为主,在同一切面上能看到横、纵、斜3种不同走向的维管束,所有皮层维官束韧皮部组成成份比较单一。维管组织区由多个生长环组成,每个生长环都具有木质部、维管形成层和韧皮部组成,各生长环韧皮部所占比例均大于木质部,在具4生长环的下部茎的维管组织中,环与环之间间隔2～10层不等的薄壁细胞。从纵向变化上看,从上至下,维管组织区的厚度及生长环数逐渐递增,在同一组织中,含晶及含单宁物质的异细胞呈从无到有,从少到多的分布趋势。     

Purification and Characterization of a Cold-active Iron Superoxide Dismutase from a Psychrophilic Bacterium, Marinomonas sp. NJ522

Marinomonas sp. NJ522, isolated from Antarctic sea ice, produces a cold-active iron superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1). The purified SOD was dimeric and had an approx. Mr of 48 kDa. Highest activity was detected from pH 8 to 10 and at 40 °C (assayed over 10 min). Activity at 0 °C was nearly 35% of the maximum activity. Received 25 August 2005; Revisions requested 30 August 2005 and 26 September 2005; Revisions received 12 September 2005 and 25 October 2005; Accepted 1 November 2005     

利用长引物嵌套式反向PCR方法克隆雅致枝霉Δ6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因上游序列

用限制酶EcoRⅠ、KpnⅠ分别对雅致枝霉As3.2806基因组DNA进行消化,而后在低浓度条件下利用T4DNA连接酶使DNA自身环化。根据已知基因序列,设计一对长度为35nt的长反向引物和两对较短的引物,以基因组连接产物为模板,通过三轮嵌套式PCR反应,获得一长度约为4kb的扩增片段。经序列测定表明得到了Δ6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因上游序列约为1.3kb,初步序列分析显示该序列为一潜在的启动子序列。     

Production of mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by gateway technology and transgenic rice cell culture

To establish a production platform for recombinant proteins in rice suspension cells, we first constructed a Gateway-compatible binary T-DNA destination vector. It provided a reliable and effective method for the rapid directional cloning of target genes into plant cells through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. We used the approach to produce mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) in a rice suspension cell system. The promoter for the αAmy3 amylase gene, which is induced strongly by sugar depletion, drove the expression of mGM-CSF. The resulting recombinant protein was fused with the αAmy3 signal peptide and was secreted into the culture medium. The production of rice-derived mGM-CSF (rmGM-CSF) was scaled up successfully in a 2-L bioreactor, in which the highest yield of rmGM-CSF was 24.6 mg/L. Due to post-translational glycosylation, the molecular weight of rmGM-CSF was larger than that of recombinant mGM-CSF produced in Escherichia coli. The rmGM-CSF was bioactive and could stimulate the proliferation of a murine myeloblastic leukemia cell line, NSF-60.     

棉花锌指蛋白GhZFP1相互作用蛋白的酵母双杂交筛选

GhZFP1蛋白是从盐胁迫棉花幼苗cDNA文库中分离的一种CCCH型锌指蛋白.初步的生物学功能研究表明,过量表达该基因的转基因烟草耐盐性和抗病性显著提高.为深入研究GhZFP1蛋白的作用机制,构建pGBKT7-m1诱饵表达载体,利用酵母双杂交系统从盐胁迫诱导棉花cDNA文库中筛选与其相互作用的蛋白.通过阳性克隆的表型确定、PCR和限制性内切酶检测以及测序和生物信息学分析,获得9个与诱饵蛋白相互作用的靶蛋白.双分子荧光互补实验证明,GhZFP1与GZIRD19A确实存在互作关系.通过分析这些靶蛋白的已知功能,为研究GhZFP1锌指蛋白的未知生物学功能提供重要信息.