南瓜属4个栽培种种子蛋白质电泳分析

通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)对南瓜属4个栽培种中国南瓜、印度南瓜、美洲南瓜及黑籽南瓜的12个品种种子蛋白组分进行了分析。结果显示,黑籽南瓜种子以盐溶蛋白条带居多;其它3个栽培种以水溶蛋白条带居多,其次为盐溶蛋白;4个栽培种酸溶蛋白条带均较少;醇溶蛋白未分离得到蛋白谱带。水溶、盐溶、酸溶蛋白电泳图谱显示各栽培种间蛋白谱带差异明显,同一栽培种品种间蛋白谱带较为一致。     

塔里木河流域下游植物区系及生态学研究

塔里木河流域下游地区植物有30科80属122种。以双子叶植物类群占优势,其中多年生草本植物在塔里木河流域下游植物中占多数。显示了物种形成是年轻的进化类型。生态类型以旱生植物为主。占总种数的52％,这足长期适应比较干旱的自然环境的结果。该区系的温带成分占优势。地中海成分也占有一定地位。这些区系成分的植物都是干旱区荒漠植物的代表。区系地理反映了物种演化过程的历史气候、地质变化动态。查清塔里木河流域下游植物资源的数量和分布区的变迁,为该地区的植物资源保护提供科学依据。     

仲彬草属八个物种的核型

报道了仲彬草属 (KengyiliaYenetJ .L .Yang) 8个物种的核型 ,其中 4个种的核型为首次报道。核型公式是 :阿勒泰仲彬草K alatavica ,2n =6x =4 2 =36m 6sm ;长颖仲彬草K longiglumis,2n =6x =4 2 =36m 6sm ;大颖仲彬草K grandiglumis,2n =6x =4 2 =36m 6sm ;窄颖仲彬草K stenachyra ,2n =6x =4 2 =36m 6sm ;喀什仲彬草K kasgarica ,2n =6x =4 2 =32m 10sm ;梭罗仲彬草K thoroldiana ,2n =6x =4 2 =36m 6sm ;黑药仲彬草K melanthera ,2n =6x =4 2 =36m 6sm ;矮生仲彬草K nana ,2n =6x =4 2 =34m 8sm。它们的核型属于 1B或 2B型 ,染色体中均未发现随体     

Bactericidal Activity of Glycinecin A, a Bacteriocin Derived from Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines, on Phytopathogenic Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Cells

The ability of glycinecin A, a bacteriocin derived from Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines 8ra, to kill closely related bacteria has been demonstrated previously by our group (S. G. Heu et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:4105-4110, 2001). In the present study, we aimed at determining the glycinecin A-induced cause of death. Treatment with glycinecin A caused slow dissipation of membrane potential and rapid depletion of the pH gradient. Glycinecin A treatment also induced leakage of potassium ions from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria YK93-4 cells and killed sensitive bacterial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Sensitive cells were killed within 2 h of incubation, most likely due to the potassium ion efflux caused by glycinecin A. These results suggest that the bactericidal mechanism of action of glycinecin A is correlated with the permeability of membranes to hydroxyl and potassium ions, leading to the lethal activity of the bacteriocin on the target bacteria.     

Quantitative profiling of drug-associated proteomic alterations by combined 2-nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride (NBS) isotope labeling and 2DE/MS identification

The identification of drug-responsive biomarkers in complex protein mixtures is an important goal of quantitative proteomics. Here, we describe a novel approach for identifying such drug-induced protein alterations, which combines 2-nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride (NBS) tryptophan labeling with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE)/mass spectrometry (MS). Lysates from drug-treated and control samples are labeled with light or heavy NBS moiety and separated on a common 2DE gel, and protein alterations are identified by MS through the differential intensity of paired NBS peptide peaks. Using NBS/2DE/MS, we profiled the proteomic alterations induced by tamoxifen (TAM) in the estrogen receptor (ER) positive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Of 88 protein spots that significantly changed upon TAM treatment, 44 spots representing 23 distinct protein species were successfully identified with NBS-paired peptides. Of these 23 TAM-altered proteins, 16 (70%) have not been previously associated with TAM or ER activity. We found the NBS labeling procedure to be both technically and biologically reproducible, and the NBS/2DE/MS alterations exhibited good concordance with conventional 2DE differential protein quantitation, with discrepancies largely due to the comigration of distinct proteins in the regular 2DE gels. To validate the NBS/2DE/MS results, we used immunoblotting to confirm GRP78, CK19, and PA2G4 as bona fide TAM-regulated proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PA2G4 expression can serve as a novel prognostic factor for disease-free survival in two independent breast cancer patient cohorts. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the proteomic changes in breast cancer cells induced by TAM, the most commonly used selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Our results indicate that NBS/2DE/MS may represent a more reliable approach for cellular protein quantitation than conventional 2DE approaches.     

安徽贝母属植物叶片的比较解剖学研究

在光学显微镜下,对安徽省贝母属(Fritillaria L.)8种1变种,其中包括安徽贝母(F. anhuiensis)和宁国贝母(F. ningguoensis)各两个居群的植物叶片进行了解剖结构观察,结果发现：叶肉细胞均含有淀粉粒,近上表皮的叶肉细胞多为方形或圆柱状,较大,排列较紧密,近下表皮的叶肉细胞形状不规则,多有分枝,细胞间隙大;叶均无表皮毛等附属物,除铜陵黄花贝母(F. monantha var. tonglingensis)的下表皮细胞类似平行四边形外,其它种叶表皮细胞表面观为长方形或长条形,细胞长轴与叶脉平行,垂周壁为平直、浅波状或深波状;气孔器为Allium型,仅分布于下表皮,椭圆形,长轴与叶脉平行,单个随机分布,部分种保卫细胞两极有“T”形加厚。叶表皮细胞的形状,垂周壁式样,气孔器的类型等特征较为稳定,可以为贝母属内种的划分及系统演化关系的探讨提供实验证据。     

高脂饲养青春期大鼠电击回避反应和海马CA3区场电位的改变

目的：观察高脂饲养至青春期的大鼠对电击回避反应和海马CA3区实时局部场电位变化。方法：断乳1周幼鼠改用基础饲料和高脂饲料分别喂养4周至青春期,分为基础饲料组（BF组）和高脂饲料组（HFD组）,Y型迷宫电击回避训练方法,记录2组大鼠电击回避达学会标准的相关参数,同时无线遥测大鼠达标时海马CA3区实时局部场电位。结果：与BF组大鼠比较,HFD组大鼠体重明显增加,Y型迷宫电击回避训练1~2 d大鼠达标百分率、电击回避达标各项指标均略优于BF组;双侧海马CA3区局部场电位节律出现去同步化快波改变,右侧海马CA3区出现了θ波和γ 1波百分比的同步性增加,但无θ~γ 1波相位-振幅耦合出现。结论：幼年期短期高脂饮食至青春期的大鼠,尽管体重较基础饲料大鼠增加,但未见Y型迷宫电击回避反应能力和海马依赖性空间认知功能的减退。     

日龄及性别对橘小实蝇实验种群飞行能力的影响

利用飞行磨系统对实验种群橘小实蝇的1、6、11、16、21、26、31日龄的7个雌雄个体分别进行22h连续吊飞试验,测定其累计飞行距离、累计飞行时间、平均飞行速度。橘小实蝇原始种群采自湖南长沙,经室内连续饲养约30代,成为试验种群。试验环境条件为连续光照条件,温度25℃,RH 60%—80%,光照强度为990 lx。整个吊飞过程不补充食物和水份。共得到179组吊飞数据,其中雌虫86组,雄虫93组,每个日龄处理不少于9头。结果显示随着日龄的增加,橘小实蝇雌蝇和雄蝇的飞行能力均逐渐增加,到达16日龄后雌蝇飞行能力迅速下降,表现为单峰型;雄蝇的飞行能力在16—31日龄一般维持较高水平,但在26日龄有一定波动。16日龄雌蝇和雄蝇的累计飞行距离分别是(2485.6±2287.2)m和(2152.3±1773.3)m。其中1头21日龄雄性个体的累计飞行距离最大,完成了8795.80 m的飞行。雌蝇累计飞行距离最远的发生在16日龄,为8116.6 m。日龄对橘小实蝇的累计飞行距离和平均飞行速度的影响都达到了显著水平(前者,F=2.88,P0.05;后者,F=4.98,P0.01)。雌蝇和雄蝇的平均飞行速度的差异达到了显著水平(F=4.10,P0.05)。日龄和性别的互作对平均飞行速度的影响也达到了显著水平(F=2.74,P0.05)。尽管实验种群不能完全代表野生种群,研究结果对研究橘小实蝇扩散规律及综合防治,特别是改进橘小实蝇雄性不育技术仍有重要的参考价值。     

不结球白菜离体培养与植株再生体系研究

以4个不结球白菜品种为试材,对外植体、苗龄、激素的组配、培养基中琼脂和AgNO3浓度等再生因素进行了筛选优化,并探讨了抗坏血酸(AsA)对不结球白菜不定芽分化的影响。结果显示:以4~7d苗龄的带柄子叶为外植体诱导不定芽效果较好;MN培养基中4mg/L6-BA与0.5mg/LNAA的搭配有利于不定芽形成;琼脂的浓度变化对不定芽分化影响较大,以9g/L琼脂为宜;培养基中添加5~7.5mg/L的AgNO3、0.1~0.5mmol/L的AsA可显著提高不定芽的发生频率和质量。通过不定芽继代培养、生根培养和驯化移栽建立了能够获得较高再生频率的不结球白菜离体再生体系。