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61.
Corrêa Soares JB Maya-Monteiro CM Bittencourt-Cunha PR Atella GC Lara FA d'Avila JC Menezes D Vannier-Santos MA Oliveira PL Egan TJ Oliveira MF 《FEBS letters》2007,581(9):1742-1750
Hemozoin (Hz) is a heme crystal produced upon hemoglobin digestion as the main mechanism of heme disposal in several hematophagous organisms. Here, we show that, in the helminth Schistosoma mansoni, Hz formation occurs in extracellular lipid droplets (LDs). Transmission electron microscopy of adult worms revealed the presence of numerous electron-lucent round structures similar to LDs in gut lumen, where multicrystalline Hz assemblies were found associated to their surfaces. Female regurgitates promoted Hz formation in vitro in reactions partially inhibited by boiling. Fractionation of regurgitates showed that Hz crystallization activity was essentially concentrated on lower density fractions, which have small amounts of pre-formed Hz crystals, suggesting that hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces, and not Hz itself, play a key catalytic role in Hz formation in S. mansoni. Thus, these data demonstrate that LDs present in the gut lumen of S. mansoni support Hz formation possibly by allowing association of heme to the lipid-water interface of these structures. 相似文献
62.
防烟叶霉变菌株对烟叶霉变的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为有效防止烟叶霉变,采用平板对峙培养的方法,就3个防烟叶霉变菌株对霉变菌的抑制作用进行了研究.结果表明,JMBl42、B112、B329对供试霉变菌皆表现出一定的抑制作用,对不同霉变菌的平均抑制率分别为51.6%、52.9%、53.7%.3个防烟叶霉变菌株分别以每mL 10^7、10^8、10^9 cfu(colony当当forming unit)13个浓度单独处理和每mL10。cfu浓度混合处理烟叶,结果表明,JMBl42菌株每mL10,cfu处理浓度效果最好,与对照差异极显著,其次为B112菌株每mL10^8cfu处理浓度,但它与对照差异不显著,B329菌株处理效果最差,混合施用结果与对照差异不显著.由此确定JMBl42菌株每mL10^9cfu处理浓度为仓储烟叶防霉变最佳处理参数、 相似文献
63.
Allozyme variation at eleven loci encoding seven enzyme systems were examined in 20 populations of diploid (genome AA, 2n = 16)Scilla scilloides in China. In comparison with the average species of seed plants studied, populations of this species display a high amount of genetic variation (A = 2.0, P = 58.6%, Ho = 0.172, and He = 0.185). Allozyme variation pattern revealed predominant outcrossing within populations and considerable differentiation (FST = 0.314) among populations as well as between the subtropic and temperate regions. The wide distribution, long existence and outcrossing are presumably the main factors responsible for the high genetic diversity within populations. But the gravity dispersal of seeds and pollination by small insects set limits to the increase of genetic variation within populations and promote differentiation between populations and regions. In addition, allozyme variation does not distinguishS. scilloides var.albo-viridis and suggests that subtropic populations may be considered as a genetic entity. 相似文献
64.
杭州石荠苧(Mosla hangchowensis)的种子完全靠风传播,但由于种子大,传播距离不远;种子在冬季休眠,春天(2月末3月初)萌发,种子萌发率很低,尤其是水选上层种子,主要原因是质量差。杭州石荠苧的营养期从3月初到8月上旬,株高在8月中旬以前基本为匀速增加,早期生长极为缓慢。形态和生殖力的环境可塑性极强,自然生长的植株冠幅变动在4~5616cm2之间。杭州石荠苧在自然生境中有时形成单优群落,通常与其它植物伴生。由于早期生长慢,限制了其在群落中的竞争能力,在土壤条件好的地方绝大部分被排挤掉,只是由于其极强的耐旱能力才在高温、干旱、土少的生境中得以存活。 将同属不濒危的华荠苧与之比较,其种子小于杭州石荠苧,但萌发率却高于杭州石荠苧。华荠苧的植株较矮,花色不如杭州石荠苧鲜艳,同在路边生长,不像杭州石荠苧那样容易被人采摘;华荠苧的根较杭州石荠苧的根深,抗雨水冲刷能力较强。华荠苧在自然生境中植株投入生殖的比例大于杭州石荠苧。 相似文献
65.
Summary The effect of the addition of octadecanoylsucrose esters to the growth medium on the production of inulinase by Aspergillus niger SL-09 was studied in batch culture using shake flasks. The activities of inulinase in vitro and in vivo formed by Aspergillus niger SL-09 was enhanced dramatically by the addition of sucrose ester S-770 to the medium, and it was confirmed that sucrose ester
acted as a very efficient inducer for inulinase production. As a result, with the addition of 6 g sucrose ester l−1 at the beginning of the culture, the enzyme activities were enhanced near 7-fold higher than that obtained in the basal medium. 相似文献
66.
Heng BC Ye CP Liu H Toh WS Rufaihah AJ Yang Z Bay BH Ge Z Ouyang HW Lee EH Cao T 《Journal of biomedical science》2006,13(3):433-445
Summary A major challenge in the widespread application of human embryonic stem (hES) cells in clinical therapy and basic scientific research is the development of efficient cryopreservation protocols. Conventional slow-cooling protocols utilizing standard cryoprotectant concentrations i.e. 10% (v/v) DMSO, yield extremely low survival rates of <5% as reported by previous studies. This study characterized cell death within frozen–thawed hES colonies that were cryopreserved under standard conditions. Surprisingly, our results showed that immediately after post-thaw washing, the overwhelming majority of hES cells were viable (≈98%), as assessed by the trypan blue exclusion test. However, when the freshly-thawed hES colonies were incubated within a 37 °C incubator, there was observed to be a gradual reduction in cell viability over time. The kinetics of cell death was drastically slowed-down by keeping the freshly-thawed hES colonies at 4 °C, with >90% of cells remaining viable after 90 min of incubation at 4 °C. This effect was reversible upon re-exposing the cells to physiological temperature. The vast majority of low temperature-exposed hES colonies gradually underwent cell death upon incubation for a further 90 min at 37 °C. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) assay confirmed apoptosis-induced nuclear DNA fragmentation in frozen–thawed hES cells after incubation at 37 °C for 90 min. Expression of active caspase-3 enzyme, which is another prominent marker of apoptosis, was confirmed by immunocytochemical staining, while transmission electron microscopy showed typical ultrastructural features of apoptosis such as chromatin condensation and margination to the nuclear membrane. Hence, our results demonstrated that apoptosis instead of cellular necrosis, is the major mechanism of the loss of viability of cryopreserved hES cells during freeze–thawing with conventional slow-cooling protocols. 相似文献
67.
Cho YW Hong T Hong S Guo H Yu H Kim D Guszczynski T Dressler GR Copeland TD Kalkum M Ge K 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2007,282(28):20395-20406
PTIP, a protein with tandem BRCT domains, has been implicated in DNA damage response. However, its normal cellular functions remain unclear. Here we show that while ectopically expressed PTIP is capable of interacting with DNA damage response proteins including 53BP1, endogenous PTIP, and a novel protein PA1 are both components of a Set1-like histone methyltransferase (HMT) complex that also contains ASH2L, RBBP5, WDR5, hDPY-30, NCOA6, SET domain-containing HMTs MLL3 and MLL4, and substoichiometric amount of JmjC domain-containing putative histone demethylase UTX. PTIP complex carries robust HMT activity and specifically methylates lysine 4 (K4) on histone H3. Furthermore, PA1 binds PTIP directly and requires PTIP for interaction with the rest of the complex. Moreover, we show that hDPY-30 binds ASH2L directly. The evolutionarily conserved hDPY-30, ASH2L, RBBP5, and WDR5 likely constitute a subcomplex that is shared by all human Set1-like HMT complexes. In contrast, PTIP, PA1, and UTX specifically associate with the PTIP complex. Thus, in cells without DNA damage agent treatment, the endogenous PTIP associates with a Set1-like HMT complex of unique subunit composition. As histone H3 K4 methylation associates with active genes, our study suggests a potential role of PTIP in the regulation of gene expression. 相似文献
68.
Cytoplasm-localized SIRT1 enhances apoptosis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
In general, SIRT1 is localized in nuclei. Here, we showed that endogenous and exogenous SIRT1 were both able to partially localize in cytoplasm in certain cell lines, and cytoplasm-localized SIRT1 was associated with apoptosis and led to increased sensitivity to apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that translocation of nucleus-localized SIRT1 from nuclei to cytoplasm was the main pathway leading to localization of SIRT1 in cytoplasm. In HeLa cells, wild type SIRT1 was completely localized in nuclei. By truncation of two predicted nuclear localization signals or fusion with an exogenous nuclear export signal, SIRT1 was partially localized in cytoplasm of HeLa cells and resulted in increased sensitivity to apoptosis. The apoptosis enhanced by cytoplasm-localized SIRT1 was independent of its deacetylase activity, but dependent on caspases. SIRT1 was distributed in cytoplasm at metaphase during mitosis, and overexpression of SIRT1 significantly augmented apoptosis for cells at metaphase. In summary, we found SIRT1 is able to localize in cytoplasm, and cytoplasm-localized SIRT1 enhances apoptosis. 相似文献
69.
The α/β-type small acid soluble proteins (SASPs) are a major factor in protecting the spores from being killed in bacteria. In this article, we perform a systematic phylogenetic analysis of the α/β-type SASP in the genus of Geobacillus, which indicates that the whole family can be divided into three groups. We choose one protein from each group as a representative
and construct the tertiary structure of these proteins. In order to explore the mechanism of protecting DNA from damage, 15 ns
molecular dynamics simulation for the four complexes of Gsy3 with DNA are performed. The sequence alignment, model structure
and binding energy analysis indicate that the helix2 region of SASPs is more conserved and plays a more crucial role in protecting
DNA. Pairwise decomposition of residue interaction energies calculation demonstrate that amino acids of Asn10, Lys24, Asn49,
Ile52, Ile56, Thr57, Lys58, Arg59 and Val61 take major effect in the binding interaction. The differences of energy contribution
of the amino acids between different complexes make us conclude that the protein structure conformation has a slight change
upon more proteins binding to DNA and consequently there occur protein-protein cooperation interactions. 相似文献
70.