Genetics and Resistance Mechanism of the Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Against Powdery Mildew

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation - Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most severe foliar diseases in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.), but the inheritance of PM resistance remains unclear. The...     

Circ-IGF1R plays a significant role in psoriasis via regulation of a miR-194-5p/CDK1 axis

Cytotechnology - Psoriasis is a skin disorder that is classed as an autoimmune disease. It is characterized by excessive proliferation, abnormal migration and differentiation of keratinocytes, as...     

Impact of genetic variants in IL-2RA and IL-2RB on breast cancer risk in Chinese Han women

The expression of IL-2RA and IL-2RB was correlated with breast cancer (BC) progression. However, there is no literature investigating the association of IL-2RA and IL-2RB polymorphisms with BC predisposition among Chinese Han Women. Seven SNPs in IL-2RA and IL-2RB were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY platform among 553 BC patients and 550 healthy controls. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted for age were calculated for the effect of IL-2RA and IL-2RB variants on BC susceptibility. IL-2RA rs12722498 was a protective factor for BC occurrence (OR?=?0.70, p?=?0.019), especially in subjects with age?≤?52 years (OR?=?0.55, p?=?0.004). IL-2RA rs12569923 (OR?=?9.07, p?=?0.033), IL-2RB rs2281089 (OR?=?0.67, p?=?0.043) and rs9607418 (OR?=?0.59, p?=?0.012) were related to the incidence of estrogen receptor positive (ER?+) BC. IL-2RB rs3218264 (OR?=?1.38, p?=?0.010) and rs9607418 (OR?=?0.56, p?=?0.009) were associated with the risk of developing progesterone receptor positive (PR?+) BC. Rs2281089 (OR?=?1.54, p?=?0.012) and rs1573673 (OR?=?0.72, p?=?0.035) were correlated to Ki-67 level. Moreover, IL-2RB rs2281089 (OR?=?0.72, p?=?0.022) showed a reduced risk of BC metastasis, and IL-2RA rs12722498 (OR?=?0.54, p?=?0.030) had a lower frequency in BC patients with tumor size?>?2 cm. Our study identified the potential effect of genetic variations in IL-2RA and IL-2RB on BC susceptibility and/or BC clinicopathologic indicators among Chinese Han Women.

     

Intein-Mediated Protein trans-Splicing of the Recombinant Streptavidin on Magnetosomes

Molecular Biology - When expressing streptavidin recombinant polypeptide on magnetosomes (called bacterial magnetic nanoparticles, or BMPs), the presence of endogenous bacterial biotin might be...     

Female cuckoo calls elicit anti-predatory behavior in birds

Journal of Ethology - Imperfect Batesian mimicry is common in nature. Female common cuckoos (Cuculus canorus), for instance, seem to be imperfect mimics of hawks (Accipiter spp.) in both appearance...     

ArfGAP1 inhibits mTORC1 lysosomal localization and activation

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) integrates nutrients, growth factors, stress, and energy status to regulate cell growth and metabolism. Amino acids promote mTORC1 lysosomal localization and subsequent activation. However, the subcellular location or interacting proteins of mTORC1 under amino acid‐deficient conditions is not completely understood. Here, we identify ADP‐ribosylation factor GTPase‐activating protein 1 (ArfGAP1) as a crucial regulator of mTORC1. ArfGAP1 interacts with mTORC1 in the absence of amino acids and inhibits mTORC1 lysosomal localization and activation. Mechanistically, the membrane curvature‐sensing amphipathic lipid packing sensor (ALPS) motifs that bind to vesicle membranes are crucial for ArfGAP1 to interact with and regulate mTORC1 activity. Importantly, ArfGAP1 represses cell growth through mTORC1 and is an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Our study identifies ArfGAP1 as a critical regulator of mTORC1 that functions by preventing the lysosomal transport and activation of mTORC1, with potential for cancer therapeutics.     

不同生育期土壤基质势调控对棉花生长和土壤水盐分布的影响

针对南疆地区水资源短缺和棉田土壤盐碱化问题,研究不同生育期土壤基质势调控对棉花生长和土壤水盐的影响,为棉田节水控盐和高效生产提供理论依据。通过大田膜下滴灌试验,以棉花灌水时期滴头下方20 cm处土壤基质势下限控制水平-50 kPa为对照(CK),在棉花的苗期(A)、苗期+蕾期(B)、苗期+蕾期+花铃期(C)设置3个基于土壤基质势下限的灌溉水平:W₁(-20 kPa)、W₂(-30 kPa)和W₃(-40 kPa),测定棉花生长、地上干物质量、产量和土壤水盐分布等指标。结果表明:不同生育期土壤基质势调控时,株高、叶面积指数和地上干物质量均表现为:WC>WB>WA>CK;不同土壤基质势水平调控时,随着土壤基质势下限的提高,株高、叶面积指数和地上干物质量也随之增加,其中,W₁C和W₂C处理显著高于其他处理。有效铃数、单铃重和衣分等产量构成要素均随着土壤基质势下限的升高而增加。W₁C和W₂C处理棉花的产量基本一致且显著高于其他处理,W₂C的水分利用效率显著高于W₁C处理。不同生育期土壤基质势均控制在-20或-30 kPa可以改善棉花主根区水分状况。各处理在收获期均表现为浅层积盐(0～40 cm),且膜外大于膜内;土壤基质势越高,膜内主根区(0～40 cm)积盐越少,其中W₁C和W₂C较其他处理减少24%。综合考虑高效生产和节水控盐,建议将当地休作期未淋洗棉田灌水时期土壤基质势控制在-30 kPa为宜。