分子氮影响下的蓝藻Anabaena7120乙炔还原

经分子氮预处理的蓝藻乙炔还原活性下降。分子氮对乙炔还原的抑制作用可因CO_2的加入而削弱,氮浓度增高时,CO_2的此种有益作用即消失。在5％ CO_2条件下:(1)光照强度大时,经分子氮预处理的蓝藻乙炔还原活性比未经处理的(氮气中)高些,弱光下则削弱,暗中削弱更大;(2)它受到光合抑制剂的抑制较大;(3)对CO_2和O_2的敏感度比未经氮预处理者小;(4)分子氢对其支持与来经氮预处理的相差甚微,但对其受O_2损伤时的保护作用则大些;(5)MSX对分子氮预处理的蓝藻乙炔还原也有明显的抑制,且比单加CO_2的大。     

Pre-germinated conidia of Coniothyrium minitans enhances the foliar biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

The relatively slow germination rate of Coniothyrium minitans limits its control efficiency against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Pre-germinated conidia of C. minitans enhanced its efficiency significantly: in foliar experiments with oilseed rape, hyphal extension of S. sclerotiorum was inhibited by 68%, while formation of sclerotia was completely inhibited when pre-germinated conidia were applied.     

慢性蜜蜂麻痹病病毒核酸与蛋白质组分的研究

从自然感染的意大利麻痹病蜂(APis mellifera)头部,经二次差速离心与蔗糖梯度离心获得纯化的慢性蜜蜂麻痹病病毒(CBPV)。纯化的CBPV制备物感染正常蜜蜂,4天后出现典型的麻痹症状,接着死亡,平均死亡率分别为95％与100％。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,二次差速离心初步纯化的病毒制备物含有多条蛋白带,而蔗糖密度梯度纯化的病毒制备物仅含有单一的多肽带。5％、7.5％与10％SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,均检测出一种病毒蛋白质,分子量大约为24,200道尔顿,而且不同凝胶浓度检测的蛋白质分子量相近。慢性蜜蜂麻痹病病毒核酸也用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,结果表明,凝胶中有5条带,对核酸酶敏感,证明该病毒含有5个单股RNA组分。对慢性蜜蜂麻痹病病毒的基因组结构进行了讨论。     

点状气单胞菌引起虹鳟感染症及其病原学机制的初步研究

对山西省朔县省虹鳟试验场1987年8月在亲鱼中爆发的一次流行病进行了病原菌分离、培养、毒力试验和详细的生理生化测定,确定点状气单胞菌为其病原菌。并对该菌胞外产物的致病性进行了研究,通过测定其溶血活性、酪蛋白酶活性、对鱼致死性以及对其引起的组织病理学变化的观察,初步确定了胞外产物与该菌侵袭力的相关性。     

Changes of 5＇ Terminal Nucleotides of PCR Primers Causing Variable T-A Cloning Efficiency

T-A cloning takes advantage of the unpaired adenosyl residue added to the 3＇ terminus of amplified DNAs by Taq and other thermostable DNA polymerase and uses a Ilnearlzed plasmld vector with a protruding 3＇ thymldylate residue at each of Its 3＇ termini to clone polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-derived DNA fragments. It Is a simple, reliable, and efficient Ilgatlon-dependent cloning method for PCR products, but the drawback of variable cloning efficiency occurs during application. In the present work, the relationship between variable T-A cloning efficiency and the different 5＇ end nucleotlde base of primers used In PCR amplification was studied. The results showed that different cloning efficiency was obtained with different primer pairs containing A, T, C and G at the 5＇ terminus respectively. The data shows that when the 5＇ end base of primer pair was adenosyl, more white colonies could be obtained In cloning the corresponding PCR product In comparison with other bases. And the least white colonies were formed when using the primer pair with 5＇ cytldylate end. The gluanylate end primers resulted In almost the same cloning efficiency In the white colonies amount as the thymldylate end primer did, and this efficiency was much lower than that of adenosyl end primers. This presumably is a consequence of variability In 3＇dA addition to PCR products mediated by Taq polymerase. Our results offer instructions for primer design for researchers who choose T-A cloning to clone PCR products.     

从酵母中提取谷胱甘肽的初步研究

考察了不同提取方法对从酵母中提取谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）的影响,热水抽提由于其提取收率高（９０％）,耗时短（１０ｍｉｎ）经济性强而明显优于其它提取方法,对７３２阳离子交换树脂纯化ＧＳＨ进行了初步研究,主要研究了树脂颗粒大小对提纯ＧＳＨ的影响,采用６０～８０目的树脂,ＧＳＨ收率为５７．６％,虽然比８０目以上的树脂低１０％但前者操作作所需时间只有后者的１／３。     

低氧对巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α和IL-6的影响及其机制

目的:观察低氧对巨噬细胞(Mφ)前炎症因子TNF-α和IL-6分泌的影响及其机制.方法:收集分离小鼠腹腔Mφ,建立Mφ的低氧(1% O2,5%CO2)培养模型,并用非特异性酯酶染色法进行鉴定;ELISA法检测上清液中TNF-α和IL-6的含量;RT-PCR法检测TNF-α和IL-6的转录物水平;用Western blot法检测Mφ核内NF-κB的激活量;通过在培养液中加入氢化可的松(5 mg/L),观察低氧时TNF-α和IL-6分泌量的变化.结果:TNF-α和IL-6分泌量在低氧12 h时明显增加(P＜0.01);低氧6 h时,TNF-α mRNA和IL-6 mRNA表达量明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);M中核内NF-κB的激活量在低氧2 h时明显增高(P＜0.05),低氧5 h内持续存在;而当培养液中加入氢化可的松抑制NF-κB活性后,TNF-α和IL-6的分泌水平无明显变化.结论:低氧可通过核转录因子NF-κB途径促进细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6基因的表达和分泌.     

果园间作模式下杏树与苜蓿的根系分布特征及其土壤理化性质研究

该研究采用田间小区试验,设计杏树(Prunus armeniaca)下清耕(CK)和杏树间作紫花苜蓿(T)2个处理,实地采集测定各样地不同土层紫花苜蓿的根系生物量以及杏树的侧根系生物量,并测定土壤pH、电导率及其土壤有机质和速效氮含量,分析果园间作模式下紫花苜蓿对果树侧根系垂直分布特征及其土壤理化性质的影响,为果园间作苜蓿模式的推广提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)CK与T处理下的杏树侧根生物量在土壤中的垂直分布都主要集中在20~60cm土层,其生物量分别为750.8g和737.6g,分别占总侧根生物量的64.4%和64.5%;紫花苜蓿根系生物量分布呈倒金字塔型,且主要分布在0~40cm土层(166.3g),其中0~20cm土层的根系生物量最高(97.4g),占根系总生物量的35.8%。(2)与CK处理相比,T处理可有效增加果园表层土壤的有机质含量、速效态氮含量、硝态氮含量和铵态氮含量,其中,在0~20cm土层分别显著增加17.1%、40.8%、28.5%和40.8%,在20~40cm土层分别显著增加36.1%、23.1%、60.2%和23.8%,并显著降低了表层土壤电导率,但对土壤pH无显著影响。研究认为,杏园间作牧草紫花苜蓿虽然杏树与苜蓿根系会发生较小资源的竞争,但有利于改善林下土壤的理化性质和养分状况,能够有效促进果树的生长发育。     

高纯度大豆种子线粒体的分离

利用不连续Percoll梯度分离得到高纯度的大豆(Glycine max)种子线粒体。线粒体制剂中没有检测到胞液、过氧化物体和叶绿素的污染。线粒体的完整性达到97%以上, 在0~4 ℃下至少稳定2小时。     

Proteomic Analysis Reveals that Odoroside A Triggers G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis in Colorectal Carcinoma Through ROS‐p53 Pathway

Odoroside A (OA) is an active ingredient extracted from the leaves of Nerium oleander Linn. (Apocynaceae). This study aims to examine the anticancer bioactivity of OA against CRC cells and to investigate the action mechanisms involved. As a result, OA can significantly inhibit cellular ability and induce apoptosis of CRC cells in a concentration‐dependent manner without any obvious cytotoxicity in normal colorectal epithelial cells. Then, quantitative proteomics combined with bioinformatics is adopted to investigate the alterations of proteins and signaling pathways in response to OA treatment. As suggested by the proteomic analysis, flow cytometry and Western blotting analyses validate that exposure of CRC cells to OA causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, accompanied with the activation of the ROS/p53 signaling pathway. This observation demonstrates that OA, as a natural product, can induce oxidative stress to suppress tumor cell growth, implicating a novel therapeutic agent against CRC without obvious side effects.