全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7629篇 |
免费 | 540篇 |
国内免费 | 707篇 |
专业分类
8876篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 25篇 |
2023年 | 100篇 |
2022年 | 258篇 |
2021年 | 410篇 |
2020年 | 303篇 |
2019年 | 348篇 |
2018年 | 323篇 |
2017年 | 265篇 |
2016年 | 358篇 |
2015年 | 499篇 |
2014年 | 565篇 |
2013年 | 612篇 |
2012年 | 763篇 |
2011年 | 642篇 |
2010年 | 362篇 |
2009年 | 365篇 |
2008年 | 387篇 |
2007年 | 328篇 |
2006年 | 288篇 |
2005年 | 238篇 |
2004年 | 206篇 |
2003年 | 175篇 |
2002年 | 152篇 |
2001年 | 151篇 |
2000年 | 115篇 |
1999年 | 100篇 |
1998年 | 68篇 |
1997年 | 71篇 |
1996年 | 70篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 49篇 |
1993年 | 31篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有8876条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
131.
采用酶解和离子交换色谱的方法,从兔、鸡、猪和羊肝组织中提取和纯化得到了糖胺聚糖(GAGs).通过比较透明质酸(HA)、硫酸软骨素A(CS-A)、硫酸软骨素C(CS-C)、硫酸皮肤素(DS)、肝素(HP)、硫酸乙酰肝素(HS)等标准品在醋酸钡、醋酸锌、吡啶-甲酸等几种不同缓冲体系下的醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳行为,结合灰度积分建立了适合于微量GAGs定性和定量分析的电泳方法.将从不同动物肝脏组织中提取的GAGs运用该方法进行分析,发现 不同动物肝脏组织中,GAG含量和组成均有较大差异:羊肝中GAGs含量最高(0.52 mg/g 组织干粉),种类也最丰富,含有HA、HS、DS和CS,其中HA所占比例最高;鸡肝中GAGs含量最少(0.18 mg/g组织干粉),主要含有HA和DS;兔肝GAGs种类与猪肝相似,均含有HA、HS和DS,但HS是猪肝GAGs的主要成分,DS是兔肝GAGs的主要成分. 相似文献
132.
为探究三峡库区消落带水位变化下落羽杉根系有机酸和非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的响应特征,以适生木本植物落羽杉为对象,在消落带原位环境中设置对照-SS(海拔175 m,试验期间无水淹)、MS(海拔170 m,中度水淹胁迫)和DS(海拔165 m,深度水淹胁迫)3个处理,分别于海拔170 m和165 m退水时采集样品,测定并分析根系有机酸和NSC的变化。结果表明:(1)库区水淹对落羽杉基径无显著影响,仅有DS组明显抑制了高生长,落羽杉生长能较积极地响应库区水淹。(2)库区水淹对落羽杉侧根和总根有机酸的影响一致,侧根有机酸代谢作用优于主根。与SS组相比,MS组根系有机酸含量增高,DS组根系有机酸含量降低,除部分根系酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸变化达到显著水平外,其余有机酸均无显著变化。(3)库区不同强度水淹对落羽杉根系NSC有不同程度的影响。与SS组相比,MS组可溶性糖无显著变化,淀粉、NSC含量显著增加,但总根NSC在水淹前与水淹后无明显差异;形成鲜明对比的是,DS组显著降低了可溶性糖、NSC含量,对淀粉无显著影响,且水淹后总根NSC显著低于水淹前。(4)相关分析表明,主根、总根草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸及侧根、总根莽草酸分别与淀粉、NSC间表现出显著相关性(P0.05)。研究结果表明,在三峡库区消落带水淹胁迫下,落羽杉根系有机酸与NSC代谢联系紧密。通过维持一定的根系淀粉含量,保持植株正常的有机酸代谢水平,较好地适应三峡库区消落带生境。 相似文献
133.
134.
Xiaohan Sun Feng Wang Rong Cui Xiao Liu Xiangxiang Li Jibin Dong Lu Sun Siqi Qin Renqing Wang Peiming Zheng Hui Wang 《Ecology and evolution》2020,10(12):5270-5280
Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehder (Lamiaceae) is an important tree species for soil and water conservation, yet the reproductive ecology of this species remains to be elucidated. To investigate the reproductive traits of V. negundo var. heterophylla, the phenology, morphological characteristics (a suite of characters was assessed: floral morphology, nectar production, pollen viability, and stigma receptivity) and mating system of this species were systematically revealed for the first time in this study. Phenological observations, morphological measurements, and nectar production analysis were conducted during anthesis. Pollen viability and stigma receptivity at different flowering stages were measured by biochemical methods. Finally, genetic analysis based on SSR markers was used to reveal the mating system; outcrossing index and pollen‐ovule ratio were also calculated to help analysis. V. negundo var. heterophylla showed several obvious characteristics of outcrossing, such as abundant and attractive flowers, secreting nectar, and emitting scent. In addition, mechanisms such as homogamy and a short anther‐stigma distance that can promote self‐fertilization were also identified in this species. The coexistence of selfing and outcrossing characteristics demonstrates a predominantly outcrossed mixed mating system (outcrossing rate, t = 95%). The scientific information provided by this study may contribute to conservation of V. negundo var. heterophylla from a reproductive perspective. 相似文献
135.
Jianya He Wen Ye Ni Kou Kang Chen Bai Cui Xiaohong Zhang Shuhai Hu Tingjiao Liu Lan Kang Xiaojie Li 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(1):841-849
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is aggressive accompanied with poor prognosis. We previously isolated the most invasive cells resembling the invasive tumour front by microfluidic technology and explored their differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in our previous work. Here, we verified the miR‐29b‐3p as a guarder that suppressed migration and invasion of OSCC cells and was down‐regulated in the most invasive cells. Besides that, the invasion suppression role of miR‐29b‐3p was achieved through the IL32/AKT pathway. Thus, miR‐29b‐3p and IL32 might serve as therapeutic targets for blocking the progression and improving the outcome of OSCC. 相似文献
136.
[目的] 研究核桃壳提取液(walnut shell extracts,WSE)对单针藻Monoraphidium sp.QLZ-3生长和油脂积累的影响。[方法] 向BG-11培养基中添加不同量的WSE(培养基中保留有BG-11中全部营养成分)。[结果] 结果显示,当BG-11培养基中的WSE含量为40%时,单针藻的生物量产率及油脂产率达到(534.70±4.07)mg/(L·d)和(296.35±15.36)mg/(L·d),相比对照组分别提高了的14.82%和33.50%,蛋白质和碳水化合物含量分别有不同程度的上调和下调。与对照组相比,微藻中谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)含量与活性均上调。此外,WSE作用下,微藻对多酚的移除达到84.37%,同时上调了核酮糖1,5-二磷酸羧化酶基因(ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase,rbcL)和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase,accD)基因的表达量。[结论] 研究表明,WSE联合BG-11可以提高微藻的生物量产率和油脂产率,降低微藻培养的原料成本,为核桃壳的资源化利用及微藻的工业化生产提供了一定的技术支撑。 相似文献
137.
Costaria costata is a commercially and industrially important brown alga. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing to determine the complete plastid genome of C. costata. The genome consists of a 129,947 bp circular DNA molecule with an A+T content of 69.13% encoding a standard set of six ribosomal RNA genes, 27 transfer RNA genes, and 137 protein-coding genes with two conserved open reading frames (ORFs). The overall genome structure of C. costata is nearly the same as those of Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida. The plastid genomes of these three algal species retain a strong conservation of the GTG start codon while infrequently using TGA as a stop codon. In this regard, they differ substantially from the plastid genomes of Ectocarpus siliculosus and Fucus vesiculosus. Analysis of the nucleic acid substitution rates of the Laminariales plastid genes revealed that the petF gene has the highest substitution rate and the petN gene contains no substitution over its complete length. The variation in plastid genes between C. costata and S. japonica is lower than that between C. costata and U. pinnatifida as well as that between U. pinnatifida and S. japonica. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that C. costata and U. pinnatifida have a closer genetic relationship. We also identified two gene length mutations caused by the insertion or deletion of repeated sequences, which suggest a mechanism of gene length mutation that may be one of the key explanations for the genetic variation in plastid genomes. 相似文献
138.
139.
Wijeong Jang Ji Young Kim Shanyu Cui Juyeon Jo Byoung-Cheol Lee Yeonwoo Lee Ki-Sun Kwon Chul-Seung Park Changsoo Kim 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2015,290(4):2521-2528
Calcium-permeable and thermosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels mediate the nociceptive transduction of noxious temperature in Drosophila nociceptors. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Here we find that Subdued, a calcium-activated chloride channel of the Drosophila anoctamin family, functions in conjunction with the thermo-TRPs in thermal nociception. Genetic analysis with deletion and the RNAi-mediated reduction of subdued show that subdued is required for thermal nociception in nociceptors. Further genetic analysis of subdued mutant and thermo-TRP mutants show that they interact functionally in thermal nociception. We find that Subdued expressed in heterologous cells mediates a strong chloride conductance in the presence of both heat and calcium ions. Therefore, our analysis suggests that Subdued channels may amplify the nociceptive neuronal firing that is initiated by thermo-TRP channels in response to thermal stimuli. 相似文献
140.
Pei Xiao Hongxia Yang Dongdong Di Dongri Piao Qiuxiang Zhang Ruie Hao Suxia Yao Rong Zhao Fanfei Zhang Guozhong Tian Hongyan Zhao Weixing Fan Buyun Cui Hai Jiang 《PloS one》2015,10(1)