The role of olfactory cues in mother–pup,groupmate, and sex recognition of lesser flat‐headed bats,Tylonycteris pachypus

Tylonycteris pachypus is a gregarious bat species with tens of individuals in a colony. The mechanisms by which mother bats recognize their pups and adult bats recognize each other are not clear. We hypothesized that such recognition is achieved by chemical discrimination and performed experiments to test the hypothesis. Results showed that mother bats were much more attracted to the scent from their own pups. For adult bats, females were attracted to the scent from both male and female groupmates but had a higher preference to the scent from female than from male groupmates. Male bats were much more attracted to the scent from male groupmates while showed no preference to the scent from female groupmates. Within a group, both female and male bats had no difference in preference to the scent from the same or opposite sex. These results suggest that mother–pup and groupmate recognition of T. pachypus can be achieved by olfactory cues.     

大豆属Soja亚属种皮微形态特征的研究

采用扫描电镜对大豆属Soja亚属植物的种皮微形态特征进行了系统研究。结果表明,该亚属植物种皮微形态特征在种的水平上具有一定的分类学意义。     

Epitranscriptomic technologies and analyses

RNA can interact with RNA-binding proteins(RBPs), mRNA, or other non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) to form complex regulatory networks. High-throughput CLIP-seq, degradome-seq, and RNA-RNA interactome sequencing methods represent powerful approaches to identify biologically relevant ncRNA-target and protein-ncRNA interactions. However, assigning ncRNAs to their regulatory target genes or interacting RNA-binding proteins(RBPs) remains technically challenging. Chemical modifications to mRNA also play important roles in regulating gene expression. Investigation of the functional roles of these modifications relies highly on the detection methods used. RNA structure is also critical at nearly every step of the RNA life cycle. In this review, we summarize recent advances and limitations in CLIP technologies and discuss the computational challenges of and bioinformatics tools used for decoding the functions and regulatory networks of ncRNAs. We also summarize methods used to detect RNA modifications and to probe RNA structure.     

Temperature regulation in a hypometabolic primate, the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang).

Six slow loris were exposed to air temperatures between 10 degrees C and 40 degrees C. Rectal temperature was stable (mean, 34.8 degrees C) at air temperatures between 17 degrees C and 31 degrees C; at higher air temperatures, the animals became hyperthermic. Oxygen consumption was minimal at air temperatures of 31.4-36.6 degrees C; the mean value (0.250 ml O2 g-1 h-1) was only 36% of the expected level for a eutherian Mammal. The slow loris increased its heat production at lower air temperatures. Thermal polypnea occurred in response to heat, and some of the animals were able to dissipate their entire metabolic heat production at lower air temperatures. Thermal polypnea occurred in response to heat, and some of the animals were able the combined thermal conductance of the tissues and haircoat was 73% of the predicted values. It was concluded that, in spite of its low metabolic rate, the slow loris had effective responses to moderate cold, and that, in addition, it was well adapted to a hot climate.     

急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清GAL3、CXCL12水平与病情严重程度和预后的关系研究

目的:探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者血清半乳糖凝集素3(GAL3)、血清趋化因子12(CXCL12)水平与病情严重程度和预后的关系。方法:选取成都市第五人民医院于2016年2月～2018年9月期间接收的AIS患者138例为观察组,另选取同期来该院行健康体检的志愿者60例为对照组。其中观察组根据美国国立卫生研究所中风量表(NIHSS)评分分为轻症组(n=42,4分),中症组(n=61,4～15分),重症组(n=35,15分),根据改良RABKIN量表(m RS)评分分为预后良好组(n=82)和预后不良组(n=56)。比较对照组、观察组的血清GAL3、CXCL12水平,分析不同NIHSS得分、不同预后的血清GAL3、CXCL12水平,采用Pearson相关性分析血清GAL3、CXCL12水平与NIHSS评分、m RS评分的相关性。结果:观察组血清GAL3、CXCL12水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。重症组、中症组AIS患者血清GAL3、CXCL12水平高于轻症组,且重症组高于中症组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。预后不良组的AIS患者血清GAL3、CXCL12水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果可知,血清GAL3、CXCL12水平与NIHSS评分、m RS评分均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:AIS患者的血清GAL3、CXCL12水平均异常升高,且其升高程度与AIS患者病情严重程度及预后息息相关。     

Proteome analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis: novel protein markers in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor, and chronic infection with hepatitis B virus is one of its major risk factors. To identify the proteins involved in HCC carcinogenesis, we used two-dimensional fluorescence DIGE to study the differentially expressed proteins in tumor and adjacent nontumor tissue samples. Samples from 12 hepatitis B virus-associated HCC patients were analyzed. A total of 61 spots were significantly up-regulated (ratio >/= 2, p 相似文献   

Idiotypic and antiidiotypic T and B lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis.

The prevalence of Id and anti-Id T and B cells as measured by their reactivities with two human mAb, one antiacetylcholine receptor mAb and one anti-Id mAb, was studied in 38 patients with myasthenia gravis and in 27 healthy individuals. Id and anti-Id T cells were estimated by enumerating the numbers of cells secreting IFN-gamma in response to 10 pg/ml of the human mAb. T cell stimulation, measured as numbers of IFN-gamma-secreting cells that exceeded the mean + 2 SD of controls, was induced by the Id mAb in 78.9% of the patients and in 7.4% of the controls, whereas the anti-Id mAb-stimulated T cells in 55.3% of the patients and in 3.7% of the controls. The mean value of the Id and anti-Id-reactive T cells in the patients was 18.3/10(5) and 10.1/10(5) PBMC, respectively. B cells secreting IgM antibodies binding to the human mAb were increased in patients with myasthenia gravis compared to healthy controls. Seventy-five percent of the patients and 12% of the controls had B cells secreting IgM antibodies binding to the Id mAb, although 89% of the patients and 16% of the controls had B cells secreting IgM antibodies binding to the anti-Id mAb. The mean value of B cells secreting IgM antibodies binding to Id or anti-Id mAb in the patients were 7.4 cells/10(6) and 5.5 cells/10(6) PBMC, respectively. We conclude that Id and anti-Id T and B cells are present in myasthenia gravis. These methods allow a quantitative estimation of T and B cells with defined specificities and thus a way of mapping the repertoire of lymphocytes.     

Discovery of new thienopyrimidine derivatives as potent and orally efficacious phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors

A series of new thienopyrimidine derivatives has been discovered as potent PI3K inhibitors. The systematic SAR studies for these analogues are described. Among them, 8a and 9a exhibit nanomolar enzymatic potencies and sub-micromolar cellular anti-proliferative activities. 8a displays favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, while 9a easily undergoes deacetylation to yield a major metabolite 8a. Furthermore, 8a and 9a potently inhibit tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner in the NCI-H460 xenograft model with an acceptable safety profile.