螺旋藻中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的提取及动力学

研究与开发了钝顶螺旋藻中的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂。采用氯仿-甲醇溶液浸提、大孔吸附树脂脱色、硅胶层析柱,Saphedex LH-20柱层析等步骤分离纯化得到α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂;利用紫外及红外图谱分析了所提抑制剂结构;采用双倒数作图法研究其抑制动力学特性。从螺旋藻分离的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂达到了色谱纯,通过多种色谱分析,推测该试样为带有共轭体系的多羟基酯类化合物。对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较强的抑制效果,抑制剂质量浓度为0.18 g/L时,抑制率达73%;动力学研究表明为典型的非竞争性抑制,为进一步的研究与开发奠定了基础。     

南方型杨树人工林土壤呼吸及其组分分析

采用开沟隔离法,利用LI-8100型土壤呼吸测定系统,对15年生的南方型杨树(Populus deltoides)人工林土壤呼吸进行了研究,并试图区分根系呼吸和土壤微生物呼吸。结果表明,开沟隔离处理后的10个月内,由于土壤中被截断根系具有自养呼吸和分解作用,土壤呼吸中的根系呼吸与微生物呼吸尚难以区分。尽管如此,研究表明15年生杨树人工林的土壤总呼吸通量为9.74 tC.hm-.2a-1,其中,枯枝落叶等土壤表层凋落物分解所释放的碳通量是2.63 tC.hm-.2a-1,占总量的27.0%;林木根系呼吸与土壤微生物呼吸通量的和为7.11 tC.hm-.2a-1,占总量的73.0%。土壤各组分呼吸速率与10 cm深处的土壤温度之间存在着显著的指数函数关系。不同直径的杨树根系被截断后的活力变化有所不同,根系越粗,存活时间越长。     

江西省水生维管束植物群落与环境因子关系的初步研究

植物群落与环境因子关系的研究是植物生态学的一个中心议题[1],主要通过直接梯度分析和间接梯度分析的方法进行定量描述和解释。排序是梯度分析的一个主要技术[2 ],如极点排序 (ＰＯ)、相互平均法 (ＲＡ)、主分量分析 (ＰＣＡ)、典范分析 (ＣＣＡ)等排序技术已被广泛应用于植被的梯度分析中[1,3]。对于水生维管束植物的研究已有不少报道 ,其中有许多研究者注意到了水环境 (如水深、底质、水化学性质、流速等 )对水生维管束植物生态分布的影响[4,5],但缺乏对水生维管束植物与水环境关系的数量分析研究。据此 ,作者通过对水生维管束植物群落及…     

Autoimmune channelopathies and related neurological disorders

Ion channels are crucial elements in neuronal signaling and synaptic transmission, and defects in their function are known to underlie rare genetic disorders, including some forms of epilepsy. A second class of channelopathies, characterized by autoantibodies against ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels, cause a variety of defects in peripheral neuromuscular and ganglionic transmission. There is also emerging evidence for autoantibody-mediated mechanisms in subgroups of patients with central nervous system disorders, particularly those involving defects in cognition or sleep and often associated with epilepsy. In all autoimmune channelopathies, the relationship between autoantibody specificity and clinical phenotype is complex. But with this new information, autoimmune channelopathies are detected and treated with increasing success, and future research promises new insights into the mechanisms of dysfunction at neuronal synapses and the determinants of clinical phenotype.     

Isolation and identification of Sydowia polyspora and its pathogenicity on Pinus yunnanensis in Southwestern China

Sydowia polyspora occurs often as an epiphyte or endophyte of conifers and is widely distributed around the world. It is also reported as a fungus associated with bark beetles. In this study, based on ITS sequence data and morphological characteristics, 14 strains collected from the beetle bodies and galleries of Tomicus minor and Tomicus yunnanensis infesting Pinus yunnanensis in Southwestern China were identified as S. polyspora. To assess the virulence of S. polyspora to P. yunnanensis, pathogenicity tests were conducted by inoculating the fungus in the stems and on needles of P. yunnanensis. The results after 30 days showed that the lesion lengths in the phloem after inoculation with S. polyspora were significantly longer than for the control. In addition, the fungus caused partly distinct chlorisis or discolouration of needles 14 days after inoculation. This suggests that S. polyspora is able to colonize stem phloem and pine needles of P. yunnanensis and thus may cause secondary damages to this host after being spread with bark beetles.     

急性脊髓损伤后大鼠电刺激运动诱发电位的变化

目的：比较不同程度脊髓损伤（SCI）与运动诱发电位（MEP）变化之间的关系,探索MEP检查在SCI早期诊断及预后中的价值。方法：27只雄性SD大鼠以改良Allen‘s打击法致伤T8－T9脊髓,按打击冲量随机分为空白对照组（n=5),SCI A组（50gcf,n=8),SCI B组（70gcf,n=8)和SCI C组（100gcf,n=6),采用单极经皮层电刺激,分别于损伤前、伤后即刻、15min、30min、1h、3h和6h连续观察scMEP变化,并计算脊髓出血坏死区域占脊髓横截面积的比率。结果：对照组MEP无显著改变,SCI A组和SCI B组动物MEP早成份波幅立即减低或消失,以后有所恢复,晚成份波消失后未再出现。SCI C组动物除2只大鼠SCI后MEP仍有所恢复外,其余动物再未出现MEP波。脊髓损伤随打击冲量增大而增加,与伤后1h scMEP最大波幅呈显著相关（r=-0.821)。结论：SCI后scMEP的变化程度与打击冲量和脊髓病理损伤面积相关,提示scMEP可以作为一种脊髓功能检测的客观指标。     

Methyltransferase-like 3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of miR-7212-5p drives osteoblast differentiation and fracture healing

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has been reported in various diseases and implicated in increasing numbers of biological processes. However, previous studies have not focused on the role of m6A modification in fracture healing. Here, we demonstrated that m6A modifications are decreased during fracture healing and that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is the main factor involved in the abnormal changes in m6A modifications. Down-regulation of METTL3 promotes osteogenic processes both in vitro and in vivo, and this effect is recapitulated by the suppression of miR-7212-5p maturation. Further studies have shown that miR-7212-5p inhibits osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells by targeting FGFR3. The present study demonstrated an important role of the METTL3/miR-7212-5p/FGFR3 axis and provided new insights on m6A modification in fracture healing.